The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology

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496 Index Graunt, John, 65±6 Gray, B. H., 194 Gray, D., 437 Gray, Seymour, 398 Greece divorce rate, 415 fertility rate, 415 health care system, 165 Hofstede's value orientations, 171 institutional care, 172 marriage rate, 415 work stress, 120, 122, 123 Green, Hazel, 99 Green movement, 45 Greenberg, Joel, 402 Greer, Germaine, 27 Grogan, Colleen M., 468, 469, 472 Gronewegen, Peter P., 164 Gross, Revital, 421 grounded theory methodology, 8 Groves, Keleigh, 255, 257 growth, as basic human need, 25 growth hormones, 264, 275 Grumbach, K., 193 Gu, Shengzu, 468 Gu, Xing-Yuan, 467, 468 Guangzhou Local History Editorial Committee, 463 Guattari, Felix, 240 Gubin, Alexey, 325, 326 Guendelman, S., 137 Guillemard, Anne-Marie, 280 GuilleÂn, Claudia, 225 Guinea, 368, 371 Gullberg, Anders, 306 Gureje, O., 30 Gustafsson, Rolf A Ê , 311, 312 Guttman, M. C., 30 gypsies, 358±9 Habermas, J., 37, 240 habituation, 24 habitus, 17, 240 Hacochen, Debora, 412 Hadassa, 421 Haddad, Muhanna Yousef, 407 Haddad, Slim, 34 Hadley, J., 193 haematologists, 152 Hafferty, Frederic W., 12, 147, 154 Hahn, Robert A., 28, 32 Halfon, N., 191 Halik, Janusz, 340, 343 Hall, E., 118 HalleroÈ d, BjoÈ rn, 302, 303 Hallqvist, Johan, 305±6 Hamilton, Nancy, 206 Hamilton, P. J. S., 207 Hamlin, Christopher, 66 Hammar, Thomas, 128 Hammurabi Code, 366 Handbook of Diversity Issues in Health Psychology, 34 Hantman, S., 135 Haour-Knipe, M., 131 Harding, Seeromanie, 85 Harris, T., 292 Harrison, D., 372 Harrison, Michael, 422 Hart, Nicky, 101, 104 HaÈrtel, U., 291 Harvard University, 217 Hassenteufel, Pierre, 275 Hattar-Pollara, M., 135 Haug, Marie, 34, 424, 433 Haug, W. F., 289 Hays, Charles W., 459 HCSP, 267, 272, 275 head injuries, 54, 56 Heagarty, M., 31 healingsystems, and culture, 35±7 health as basic human need, 25 and culture, 23±37 determinants of, 68±9 dimensions of, 69±70 and migration, 135±40, 412±14 and social stratification, 59±60, 64±88 work stress, 104, 114±23 Health for All by the Year 2000, 64, 68, 88, 401 health behavior culture, 28±35 see also alcohol use; diet; exercise; smoking Health Canada, 204 health care body/embodiment, 54±6 as a societal sector, 162±3 ten component model, 441±2 Health Care Financing Administration, 186 health care system Australia, 431±3 Austria, 165 autonomy, 161±2 Belarus, 165 Belgium, 165 Beveridge (NHS) model, 165, 172, 252±3 Brazil, 234±5 Britain, 160, 162, 164, 165, 166, 172, 252±3 Canada, 161, 164, 166±7, 199±210 China, 457±73 convergence and divergence, 159±74 culture and value orientations, 169±73 Czech Republic, 351±61 Czechoslovakia, 165 Denmark, 165 division of labor, 151 efficiency, 161±2 equity, 161±2 Finland, 165 France, 165, 266, 272±80 Germany, 161, 165, 287±8, 293
government involvement, 163, 164±9, 172, 173 Greece, 165 Hungary, 165 Iceland, 165 international trends, 160±2 Ireland, 165 Israel, 162, 420±4 Italy, 165 Japan, 168±9, 446±54 legitimacy, 162±3 Luxembourg, 165 managed competition, 161 Mexico, 218±19 migrants, 135, 137±40 Netherlands, 160, 161, 162, 165 Norway, 165 Poland, 165 Portugal, 165 priority settingand rationing, 161±2 Russia, 165, 327±9 Semashko model, 165, 172 social insurance model, 164±5, 168, 172 South Africa, 370, 374±80 Soviet Union, 11, 327 Spain, 165 structure of, 163±4 Sweden, 161, 162, 165, 307±11, 312 Switzerland, 165 United States, 160±1, 164, 166, 167±8, 180±95 Health Divide report, 79 Health Field Concept, 205±6 health inequalities, 59±60, 64±88, 173 alcohol use, 69, 77, 87, 101, 103, 105 artefact explanation, 75, 76 Australia, 435±7 Black Report on Health Inequalities, 68, 69, 79, 107, 254, 305 Brazil, 235 Britain, 65±6, 68, 83, 84, 86, 105, 107±8, 254±5 causes of, 77±9 China, 471±2 class, 59, 65, 71, 72±3, 74±5, 77, 83, 86±7 class in Australia, 435±6 class in Britain, 67, 107±8, 254 class in Denmark, 82 class in Finland, 67, 79, 80, 82 class in France, 271 class in Germany, 291 class in Mexico, 217, 220 class in Norway, 82, 108 class in Sweden, 66, 82, 306 cultural/behavioral explanation, 75, 76, 77 Czech Republic, 358 Denmark, 82, 83, 84, 303 diet, 69, 77, 87 education, 71, 73, 74±5, 77, 82, 84, 85 education in Britain, 107 education in Finland, 79, 80 Index 497 education in Sweden, 306, 307, 312±13 effects of marriage, 99, 104, 107 employment status, 71, 72, 74±5, 79, 80, 86, 87, 269 explanations of, 75±7 Finland, 67, 79±81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 105, 303 France, 83, 84 gender, 75, 87, 94±109, 250 gender in France, 269±70 gender in Germany, 291 gender in Israel, 417±19 gender in Poland, 343 Germany, 66±7, 83, 84, 290±2 income, 71, 73±5, 77, 83, 303, 381 international comparisons, 82±5 lifestyles, 68±9, 75, 77, 87, 101, 103, 105, 205 livingconditions, 69, 77, 78, 87, 343, 381 materialist/structuralist explanation, 75, 76, 77 mortality, 64, 67, 68, 69±70, 79±81, 85±6, 313 natural/social selection explanation, 75, 76±7 Norway, 82, 83, 84, 86, 108 Poland, 340±1, 342, 343 poverty, 59, 66, 302±3, 311 Russia, 329 smoking, 69, 77, 78, 85, 87, 101 South Africa, 381±3 Soviet Union, 329 Sweden, 66, 82, 83, 84, 86, 303, 305±6, 312±13 time trends, 85±6 unemployed, 72, 79, 80, 86, 269 workingconditions, 69, 77, 87, 104, 220±1, 306, 312, 313, 343 Health Israel, 412, 419 health lifestyles, 10, 12±13, 17±18, 25, 247 French studies, 264 German studies, 291 health inequalities, 68±9, 75, 77, 87, 101, 103, 105, 205 see also alcohol use; diet; exercise; smoking Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), 167, 182, 185, 188±9, 190 health profession see general practitioners; medical profession; midwifery; nursing profession health profession see physicians health promotion, 173, 205±7, 327, 344 Health Promotion, Social Sciences and Medicine, 344 health screenings, 95, 336 Health and Society, 240 Health Systems Trust, 372 health visitors, 151 health±disease care process, 226n health±disease process, 220, 241 healthy life expectancy, 105, 263±4, 281n
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The Blackwell Companion to Medical
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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY T
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Copyright # Blackwell Publishers Lt
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vi Contents 9 The Convergence and D
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Contributors Masahira Anesaki, Ph.D
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x Contributors Kristina Orfali, Ph.
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xii Preface Talcott Parsons in the
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Part I Substantive Topics
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4 William C. Cockerham By the end o
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6 William C. Cockerham and physicia
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8 William C. Cockerham of the ``neg
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10 William C. Cockerham values are
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12 William C. Cockerham their treat
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14 William C. Cockerham notably the
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16 William C. Cockerham poststructu
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18 William C. Cockerham determinist
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20 William C. Cockerham Callinicos,
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22 William C. Cockerham Ritzer, Geo
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24 Stella Quah values, beliefs, and
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26 Stella Quah 1951: 11) defined cu
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28 Stella Quah that culture might e
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30 Stella Quah health status were o
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32 Stella Quah cultural variations
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34 Stella Quah disease. However, ``
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36 Stella Quah amongothers. These a
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38 Stella Quah References Adler, Sh
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40 Stella Quah Ledesma, Rita V. 199
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42 Stella Quah ÐÐ. 1969. People i
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44 Sarah Nettleton sociology of emb
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46 Sarah Nettleton particularly med
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48 Sarah Nettleton Thus the body co
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50 Sarah Nettleton conventional ide
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52 Sarah Nettleton embodied social
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54 Sarah Nettleton ``re-embodiment.
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56 Sarah Nettleton social identity,
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58 Sarah Nettleton More knowledge,
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60 Sarah Nettleton undermine social
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62 Sarah Nettleton Featherstone, M.
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4 Health and Social Stratification
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66 Eero Lahelma mid-seventeenth cen
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68 Eero Lahelma evidence was obtain
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70 Eero Lahelma between countries.
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72 Eero Lahelma Occupational Classi
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74 Eero Lahelma live in families, h
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76 Eero Lahelma Table 4.2 ``Hard''
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78 Eero Lahelma Figure 4.3 Summary
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80 Eero Lahelma Table 4.3 Age-adjus
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82 Eero Lahelma Table 4.4 Mortality
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84 Eero Lahelma women there was a t
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86 Eero Lahelma largely accounts fo
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88 Eero Lahelma inequalities show a
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90 Eero Lahelma Cavelaars, AdrieÈn
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92 Eero Lahelma distribution of hea
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5 From Women's Health to a Gender A
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96 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas the
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98 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Thi
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100 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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102 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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104 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas 4
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106 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ge
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108 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Am
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110 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ar
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112 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ma
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6 Work Stress and Health Johannes S
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116 Johannes Siegrist terms of soci
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118 Johannes Siegrist high psycholo
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120 Johannes Siegrist Of the ten pr
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122 Johannes Siegrist stronger in m
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124 Johannes Siegrist Edwards, J. R
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7 Migration, Health, and Stress Jud
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128 Judith T. Shuval 1989; Hammar 1
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130 Judith T. Shuval (personal skil
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132 Judith T. Shuval But when migra
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134 Judith T. Shuval they are to en
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136 Judith T. Shuval adaptive funct
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138 Judith T. Shuval The prevailing
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140 Judith T. Shuval large numbers
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142 Judith T. Shuval Kritz, M. M.,
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8 Health Professions and Occupation
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146 Elianne Riska of its expertise
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148 Elianne Riska Figure 8.1 Theore
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150 Elianne Riska vanguard that wil
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152 Elianne Riska The body is seen
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154 Elianne Riska research has give
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156 Elianne Riska Fisher, Sue. 1986
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158 Elianne Riska Wilsford, David.
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160 Fred Stevens International nter
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162 Fred Stevens accessible for eve
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164 Fred Stevens provision of healt
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166 Fred Stevens actors: the medica
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168 Fred Stevens second-level hospi
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170 Fred Stevens issues of health a
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172 Fred Stevens in southern Europe
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174 Fred Stevens countries seem to
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176 Fred Stevens Selznick, Philip.
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The Americas
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The American Health Care System 181
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11 The Evolution of Health Care in
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The Evolution of Health Care in Can
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 215 thi
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The aforementioned trend is an indi
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 219 poo
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 221 on
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 223 bee
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 225 Add
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 227 Bro
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 229 Ð
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 231 Ð
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13 Social Science and Health in Bra
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Social Science and Health in Brazil
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Western Europe
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Medical Sociology in Great Britain
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15 The French Paradoxes Kristina Or
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The French Paradoxes 265 Conditions
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The French Paradoxes 267 clearly th
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The link between unemployment and h
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The French Paradoxes 271 of deaths
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there are also a great many occupat
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The French Paradoxes 275 since 1994
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The French Paradoxes 277 care insti
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The French Paradoxes 279 as a field
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The French Paradoxes 281 3 Active l
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The French Paradoxes 283 CREDOC. 19
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The French Paradoxes 285 Orfali, Kr
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16 Medical Sociology in Germany Ola
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Medical Sociology in Germany 289 al
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Medical Sociology in Germany 291 pr
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Medical Sociology in Germany 293 co
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Medical Sociology in Germany 295 Cl
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Medical Sociology in Germany 297 Sc
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Table 17.1 Sex-specific life expect
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Society, Health, and Health Care in
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Russia and Eastern Europe
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The Russian Health Care Experiment
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In and Out of Communism 335 resourc
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In and Out of Communism 337 levels
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In and Out of Communism 339 fat ros
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In and Out of Communism 341 associa
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In and Out of Communism 343 Funds r
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In and Out of Communism 345 of empi
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20 Transformation of the Health Car
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Transformation of the Health Care S
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21 Health and Health Care in South
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Health and Health Care in South Afr
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22 Health, Health Care, and Medical
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Table 22.1 Social characteristics o
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Health, Health Care, and Medical Ed
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Health and Health Care in Israel 41
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Table 23.1 Health status of immigra
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healthy'' or ``health is most impor
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24 Medicine and Health Care in Aust
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Medicine and Health Care in Austral
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25 Health, Illness, and Health Poli
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Health, Illness, and Health Policy
Page 461 and 462: Health, Illness, and Health Policy
Page 473 and 474: Transformation of Health Care in th
Page 499 and 500: Abbott, Andrew, 149 Abbott, Pamela,
Page 501 and 502: Arvidsson, Ola, 311, 313 asbestos,
Page 503 and 504: health services to ethnic groups, 1
Page 505 and 506: Chu, K., 188 Chu, Li, 461 church, s
Page 507 and 508: professional home care, 172 smoking
Page 509 and 510: and culture, 26 health status in Au
Page 511: inequalities in life expectancy, 10
Page 515 and 516: Hull, D., 131 Human Genome Project,
Page 517 and 518: job stress, 104, 114±23 Johanet, G
Page 519 and 520: United States, 101, 300, 430 life s
Page 521 and 522: symbolic interaction, 8 United Stat
Page 523 and 524: Israel, 413, 414 Jordan, 407 moveme
Page 525 and 526: poverty Africa, 370 Brazil, 235±6
Page 527 and 528: Sanborn, K. O., 31 Sandbach, F. R.,
Page 529 and 530: Britain, 247, 248 culture, 23, 25,
Page 531 and 532: Tetelboin, Carolina, 222 Thailand,
Page 533 and 534: water pollution, 350 Watson, J., 51
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