The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology

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504 Index marriage consanguineous, 400±1 effects on health, 99, 104, 107 international comparisons, 415 Martelin, Tuija, 70, 79, 81, 307 Martell, Luke, 251 Martikainen, Pekka, 80, 86, 87 Martin, Emily, 15, 44, 49, 152 MartõÂnez, Carolina, 223 Maru, Rushikesh M., 458 Maruyama, Meridith E., 455 Marx, Karl, 9, 11, 27, 72, 329 Marxism, 10±11, 220±1, 238, 240, 322, 430 Maschewsky-Schneider, U., 291 masculinity, 171, 172, 225 Massey, D. S., 127, 128, 129, 136 Matejcek, Z., 360 Mateju,, 352 maternal mortality, 95, 101 Africa, 368 Algeria, 396 Egypt, 396 France, 272 Lebanon, 396 Saudi Arabia, 396 South Africa, 382 maternity care, 95, 310 Matheson, George, 302 Matschinger, H., 292 Matthews, Sharon, 107 Mauritania, medical schools, 403 Mauritius, 368, 369 Mavreas, V., 30, 131, 134 Mayall, Berry, 250 Al-Mazrou, Yagob, 400 Mead, George Herbert, 7, 8, 9 Mead, Margaret, 26 measles, 136, 368, 382, 383 Mechanic, David, 32, 130, 173, 188, 192, 193, 194, 238 Medibank, 432 Medicaid,167,182,183,184,186,188,191,192 medical anthropology, 221, 237 Medical Chamber, 355 medical demography, 321, 330 medical education/schools Arab world, 402±6 cultural divergence, 36 Japan, 447, 452, 454 socialization, 6, 7 medical profession, 8, 144±55 Australia, 431±5, 437±8 Canada, 166±7, 200, 201, 202, 208, 210 China, 474±5 n conflict theory, 10 Czech Republic, 355±6 deprofessionalization, 11±12, 183, 433 feminist theory, 145, 148, 149±50, 153 France, 275±6, 279 functionalist theory, 145, 148, 153 health care systems structure, 164±9 interactionist theory, 145±6, 148 Israel, 154, 413±14, 422±3 management responsibilities, 160±1 neo-Marxist theory, 145, 147±8 neo-system theory, 145, 148, 149 neo-Weberian theory, 145, 147, 148 Poland, 336, 338 social constructionist theory, 145, 148, 151±3 social functions of, 14 United States, 145, 147±8, 160±1, 181±3 see also general practitioners; midwifery; nursingprofession; physicians Medical Sociology in Britain: A Register of Research and Teaching, 247 Medical Sociology News, 247 medical students, socialization, 6, 7 medicalization thesis, 152, 153 Medicare (Australia), 432, 434 Medicare (Canada), 201±5, 206, 208, 209 Medicare (US), 167, 182, 183, 184, 186, 188±9, 192 medicine as institution of social control, 151±3 and medical sociology, 4 social regulation of bodies, 45 Medicine and Culture, 170 Meerdervont, Pompe van, 447 Meisner, Maurice, 456, 460, 466, 469, 472, 473 Meleis, A. I., 135 memory, 17 men in care establishments, 106 emergence of men's health, 97±9, 250 health benefits of marriage, 99, 104, 107 morbidity rates, 104±5 mortality rates, 11, 17, 101±3 Russian self-evaluation of health, 324 sociology of embodiment, 51 as ``standard'' patient, 96±7 structural inequalities in health, 106±8 see also gender Men and their Work, 145 MeneÂndez, Eduardo, 221, 223, 226n, 236 menopause, 96 menstruation, 96 mental illness, 70, 240 Australia, 436 Canada, 194 and culture, 32, 37 France, 270 gender differences, 105 gene theory, 152 Germany, 292 hospital patients, 8 men, 98 migrants, 135, 137 Poland, 344 postnatal, 96 as stigma, 27 Sweden, 308, 309
symbolic interaction, 8 United States, 182, 194 work stress, 121 Mercado, Francisco Javier, 225 Mercer, H., 238 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 52 Merton, Robert, 6 Mesrine, Annie, 269 metabolism, as basic human need, 25 metaphors, 34 Mexican migrants alcohol drinking, 30 sexual habits, 224 Mexico, 214±26 accidents, 215±17 chronic diseases, 215±17, 225 health care system, 218±19 health conditions, 215±18 health policies, 218±19 infant mortality, 220, 224 infectious diseases, 215±17 life expectancy, 215 mortality, 215±16 NAFTA, 222 private health sector, 219, 222 sociology faculties, 237 trends of medical sociology, 220±6 Meyer, John W., 163 Mhatre, Sharmila L., 207 Miao, Yu, 461 Middle Ages, 47 middle-class, health lifestyles, 13 midwifery, 95±6, 153, 183, 311, 404 Mielck, A., 291 migration, 26, 126±40 alcohol use by migrants, 30, 135, 137 Australia, 429, 436 categories of migrants, 128 copingbehaviors, 129±30, 131, 132, 134±5 cultural change, 132±5 establishment of special institutions, 128 German studies, 291 and health, 135±40, 412±14 illegal immigrants, 128±9, 137, 139 immigrants in Sweden, 303 immigrants in US, 30, 134, 136, 224 individual location theories, 126 integration, 132±4 international migration systems theory, 127 Israel, 134, 136, 411±14, 422 Mexicans in US, 30, 224 physical change, 131 Polish urbanization, 335±6 social change, 131±2 social support networks, 127, 131, 135 and stress, 130±5 Miguel, Cynthia A., 33 Milewa, Timothy, 253 Miller, M. J., 127, 128 Index 505 Miller, M. K., 30 Miller, R. H., 190 Miller, R. L., 366 Mills, A., 371 Minayo, M. C. de S., 239, 241 mind, and body, 51, 54, 55±6 Mindell, William R., 203, 206 Minello, Nelson, 224 missionaries, 366, 367, 446±7 Moatti, Jean-Paul, 268 MoÂ dena, M. E., 221 modernity, 4, 13, 16, 251 sociology of the body, 48±51, 54, 56 Mokaba, B., 381 Moller, V., 381, 382 Mombourquette, Duane, 200 MONICA study, 291, 322 moral authority, 6 moral beliefs, 23 moral functions, 45 Moran, Michael, 147 morbidity emotions, 9 gender differences, 104±5, 301 Russia, 325 South Africa, 383 see also disease; health inequalities; illness Morelle, Aquilino, 275 Morgan, Myfanwy, 99, 107, 256 Mormiche, Paul, 271 Morocco, medical schools, 404 Morris, D., 51 Morris, Jenny, 256 mortality adult males in eastern Europe/Russia, 11, 17, 102 Australia, 435±6 class inequalities, 67, 79±81, 83, 84, 85, 435±6 Czech Republic, 349, 350 Denmark, 82, 84, 303 education inequalities, 80, 82 emotions, 9 England, 82, 84, 85 Finland, 79±81, 82, 83, 84, 85±6 France, 82, 83, 84, 85, 269±71 gender inequalities, 101±3, 269, 300, 313 Germany, 289 health inequalities, 64, 67, 68, 69±70, 79±81, 85±6, 313 Israel, 417±18 Italy, 82, 84 Japan, 442 Mexico, 215±16 Netherlands, 303 Norway, 82, 84, 303 occupational class, 305±6 Poland, 337, 338, 340, 341 Russia, 11, 17, 102, 320 South Africa, 382, 383 Spain, 82, 84
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The Blackwell Companion to Medical
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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY T
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Copyright # Blackwell Publishers Lt
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vi Contents 9 The Convergence and D
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Contributors Masahira Anesaki, Ph.D
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x Contributors Kristina Orfali, Ph.
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xii Preface Talcott Parsons in the
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Part I Substantive Topics
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4 William C. Cockerham By the end o
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6 William C. Cockerham and physicia
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8 William C. Cockerham of the ``neg
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10 William C. Cockerham values are
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12 William C. Cockerham their treat
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14 William C. Cockerham notably the
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16 William C. Cockerham poststructu
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18 William C. Cockerham determinist
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20 William C. Cockerham Callinicos,
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22 William C. Cockerham Ritzer, Geo
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24 Stella Quah values, beliefs, and
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26 Stella Quah 1951: 11) defined cu
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28 Stella Quah that culture might e
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30 Stella Quah health status were o
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32 Stella Quah cultural variations
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34 Stella Quah disease. However, ``
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36 Stella Quah amongothers. These a
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38 Stella Quah References Adler, Sh
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40 Stella Quah Ledesma, Rita V. 199
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42 Stella Quah ÐÐ. 1969. People i
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44 Sarah Nettleton sociology of emb
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46 Sarah Nettleton particularly med
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48 Sarah Nettleton Thus the body co
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50 Sarah Nettleton conventional ide
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52 Sarah Nettleton embodied social
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54 Sarah Nettleton ``re-embodiment.
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56 Sarah Nettleton social identity,
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58 Sarah Nettleton More knowledge,
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60 Sarah Nettleton undermine social
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62 Sarah Nettleton Featherstone, M.
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4 Health and Social Stratification
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66 Eero Lahelma mid-seventeenth cen
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68 Eero Lahelma evidence was obtain
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70 Eero Lahelma between countries.
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72 Eero Lahelma Occupational Classi
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74 Eero Lahelma live in families, h
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76 Eero Lahelma Table 4.2 ``Hard''
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78 Eero Lahelma Figure 4.3 Summary
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80 Eero Lahelma Table 4.3 Age-adjus
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82 Eero Lahelma Table 4.4 Mortality
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84 Eero Lahelma women there was a t
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86 Eero Lahelma largely accounts fo
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88 Eero Lahelma inequalities show a
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90 Eero Lahelma Cavelaars, AdrieÈn
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92 Eero Lahelma distribution of hea
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5 From Women's Health to a Gender A
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96 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas the
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98 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Thi
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100 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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102 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas th
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104 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas 4
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106 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ge
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108 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Am
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110 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ar
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112 Sara Arber and Hilary Thomas Ma
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6 Work Stress and Health Johannes S
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116 Johannes Siegrist terms of soci
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118 Johannes Siegrist high psycholo
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120 Johannes Siegrist Of the ten pr
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122 Johannes Siegrist stronger in m
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124 Johannes Siegrist Edwards, J. R
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7 Migration, Health, and Stress Jud
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128 Judith T. Shuval 1989; Hammar 1
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130 Judith T. Shuval (personal skil
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132 Judith T. Shuval But when migra
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134 Judith T. Shuval they are to en
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136 Judith T. Shuval adaptive funct
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138 Judith T. Shuval The prevailing
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140 Judith T. Shuval large numbers
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142 Judith T. Shuval Kritz, M. M.,
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8 Health Professions and Occupation
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146 Elianne Riska of its expertise
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148 Elianne Riska Figure 8.1 Theore
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150 Elianne Riska vanguard that wil
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152 Elianne Riska The body is seen
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154 Elianne Riska research has give
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156 Elianne Riska Fisher, Sue. 1986
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158 Elianne Riska Wilsford, David.
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160 Fred Stevens International nter
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162 Fred Stevens accessible for eve
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164 Fred Stevens provision of healt
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166 Fred Stevens actors: the medica
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168 Fred Stevens second-level hospi
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170 Fred Stevens issues of health a
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172 Fred Stevens in southern Europe
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174 Fred Stevens countries seem to
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176 Fred Stevens Selznick, Philip.
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The Americas
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The American Health Care System 181
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11 The Evolution of Health Care in
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The Evolution of Health Care in Can
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 215 thi
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The aforementioned trend is an indi
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 219 poo
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 221 on
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 223 bee
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 225 Add
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 227 Bro
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 229 Ð
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Medical Sociology in Mexico 231 Ð
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13 Social Science and Health in Bra
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Social Science and Health in Brazil
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Western Europe
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Medical Sociology in Great Britain
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15 The French Paradoxes Kristina Or
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The French Paradoxes 265 Conditions
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The French Paradoxes 267 clearly th
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The link between unemployment and h
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The French Paradoxes 271 of deaths
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there are also a great many occupat
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The French Paradoxes 275 since 1994
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The French Paradoxes 277 care insti
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The French Paradoxes 279 as a field
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The French Paradoxes 281 3 Active l
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The French Paradoxes 283 CREDOC. 19
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The French Paradoxes 285 Orfali, Kr
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16 Medical Sociology in Germany Ola
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Medical Sociology in Germany 289 al
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Medical Sociology in Germany 291 pr
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Medical Sociology in Germany 293 co
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Medical Sociology in Germany 295 Cl
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Medical Sociology in Germany 297 Sc
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Table 17.1 Sex-specific life expect
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Society, Health, and Health Care in
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Russia and Eastern Europe
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The Russian Health Care Experiment
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In and Out of Communism 335 resourc
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In and Out of Communism 337 levels
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In and Out of Communism 339 fat ros
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In and Out of Communism 341 associa
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In and Out of Communism 343 Funds r
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In and Out of Communism 345 of empi
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20 Transformation of the Health Car
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Transformation of the Health Care S
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21 Health and Health Care in South
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Health and Health Care in South Afr
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22 Health, Health Care, and Medical
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Table 22.1 Social characteristics o
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Health, Health Care, and Medical Ed
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Health and Health Care in Israel 41
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Table 23.1 Health status of immigra
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healthy'' or ``health is most impor
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24 Medicine and Health Care in Aust
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Medicine and Health Care in Austral
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25 Health, Illness, and Health Poli
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Health, Illness, and Health Policy
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Page 469 and 470: Health, Illness, and Health Policy
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Page 501 and 502: Arvidsson, Ola, 311, 313 asbestos,
Page 503 and 504: health services to ethnic groups, 1
Page 505 and 506: Chu, K., 188 Chu, Li, 461 church, s
Page 507 and 508: professional home care, 172 smoking
Page 509 and 510: and culture, 26 health status in Au
Page 511 and 512: inequalities in life expectancy, 10
Page 513 and 514: government involvement, 163, 164±9
Page 515 and 516: Hull, D., 131 Human Genome Project,
Page 517 and 518: job stress, 104, 114±23 Johanet, G
Page 519: United States, 101, 300, 430 life s
Page 523 and 524: Israel, 413, 414 Jordan, 407 moveme
Page 525 and 526: poverty Africa, 370 Brazil, 235±6
Page 527 and 528: Sanborn, K. O., 31 Sandbach, F. R.,
Page 529 and 530: Britain, 247, 248 culture, 23, 25,
Page 531 and 532: Tetelboin, Carolina, 222 Thailand,
Page 533 and 534: water pollution, 350 Watson, J., 51
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