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142 Keel, John Alva<br />

Twelve years after Three Men’s publication,<br />

Barker expressed the view that the story was<br />

something Bender had conjured up “in a<br />

trance or a dream” (Barker, 1976). Most observers,<br />

however, suspected it to be conscious<br />

fiction. One fantastic theory, proposed in<br />

1980 by British ufologist Brian Burden, held<br />

that an intelligence agency had subjected Bender<br />

to a thought-control experiment and<br />

caused him to hallucinate space people.<br />

See Also: Men in black<br />

Further Reading<br />

Barker, Gray, 1956. They Knew Too Much about Fly -<br />

ing Saucers. New York: University Books.<br />

———, 1976. Interviewed by Jerome Clark.<br />

Barker, Gray, ed., 1962. Bender Mystery Confirmed.<br />

Clarksburg, WV: Saucerian Books.<br />

Beasley, H. P., and A. V. Sampsel, 1963. “The Bender<br />

Mystery—Still a Mystery?” Flying Saucers<br />

(May): 20–27.<br />

Bender, Albert K., 1962. Flying Saucers and the Three<br />

Men. Clarksburg, WV: Saucerian Books.<br />

Burden, Brian, 1980. “MIBs and the Intelligence<br />

Community.” Awareness 9, 1 (Spring): 6–13.<br />

John Alva Keel (August C. Roberts/Fortean Picture Library)<br />

Young, Jerry A., and Gray Barker, 1976. “Letters.”<br />

Gray Barker’s Newsletter 3 (January): 7–12.<br />

Keel, John Alva (1930– )<br />

Born Alva John Kiehl in Hornell, New York,<br />

on March 25, 1930, John Keel would discover<br />

the writings of anomalist Charles Fort<br />

(1874–1932) at an early age. He grew up to<br />

be a Manhattan-based writer who eventually<br />

became internationally known for radical,<br />

neodemonological interpretations of UFO,<br />

anomalous and paranormal phenomena. Keel<br />

would speculate that a wide range of otherworldly<br />

entities, none of which regard the<br />

human race with favor (“ultraterrestrials,” to<br />

use his term), emerge from an alternative reality<br />

he calls the “superspectrum.”<br />

Keel claims to have attended the first flying-saucer<br />

convention ever held, “in the old<br />

Labor Temple on New Yo rk’s 14th St re e t”<br />

( Keel, 1991). After a tour of duty in the mil-

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