Uganda Atlas of Our Changing Environment - GRID-Arendal

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Dawn at the Mt. Elgon Ranges (2008) Mt. Elgon Benet Area The current aim of the project is to “promote community development and conserve Mount Elgon’s ecosystem for present and future use” using a “community based resource management approach” involving the participation and empowerment of local communities in the development process (MECDP, 1995). Working in conjunction with MENP, park regulations have been formulated with reference to the needs of local people and their resource use levels, and enforced in conjunction with a comprehensive extension programme. Collaborative management was piloted in two parishes, with the aim of extending it to all forest-adjacent parishes before the project ends in 2000. IUCN have commissioned a number of resource inventories and assessments. Katende et al. (1990) carried out a biodiversity inventory for woody perennials and birds. A Land Mapping and Biodiversity Survey of Mount Elgon National Park was carried out in 1993 to assist the development of a long term management plan (van Heist, 1994). The survey described numerous aspects of the mountain with an emphasis on plant biodiversity. A “resource use assessment” was commissioned for the same purpose detailing resource use by people groups across the mountain through a series of semi-structured interviews and group discussions (Scott, 1994). 88 A number of forest dwellers still live in the park. They are primarily pastoralists, practising subsistence agriculture in gardens next to their houses. Prior to cultivation, the areas are burnt and cow dung is added to the soil to fertilise it. The gardens are then planted for two or three years. The high altitude prohibits the production of maize, but potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and matoke (Musa sapientum) are widely grown. When the evictions occurred, many of these gardens and grazing areas around them were abandoned. Immediately after the 1990 evictions the forest was lacking the dense shrub layer characteristic of East African upper montane forests (Richards, 1996) and extensive areas of top-soil were exposed due to the activity of cattle (Katende, A. pers. comm.). The current pastoralists concentrate grazing activity on the Benet grasslands which meander through the forest at an altitude of approximately 2,500 - 2,800 m. It is not certain whether the Benet grasslands have always been open grassy areas (van Heist, 1994) but they are maintained as artificial climax by heavy grazing. A number of cattle graze in the forest, but they are fewer in number than before the evictions. Although the Ndorobos live illegally in the area they are tolerated by the National Park authorites who are currently deciding whether to relocate them. NEMA 2008
Sunrise at the Mt. Elgon Ranges (2008) Mt. Elgon hills in Kapchorwa District (2008) NEMA 2008 Donkeys are commonly used as a means of transporting produce and goods in the Mt. Elgon areas of Kapchorwa and Nbale Districts (2008) 89 NEMA 2008 NEMA 2008 NEMA file photo (2008)
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U G A N D A Atlas of Our Changing E
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© 2009, National Enviornment Manag
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Chapter 2: Uganda’s Changing Envi
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Foreword Hon. Maria Mutagamba MINIS
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Sunset over Europe and Africa A dig
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The beautiful ridges landscape in K
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x Display of Jupiter, Venus and the
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Figure 2: The Geology of Uganda 2 G
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Uganda experiences moderate tempera
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Rainfall distribution Figure 3: Uga
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Zone 1: Lake Victoria Basin Zone 2:
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A degraded lake-shore catchment zon
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Lake Water Levels Lake Victoria hig
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14 River Basins, Lakes and Wetlands
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Figure 8: Uganda’s water potentia
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The water problem in Kamuli Distric
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Figure 9: Uganda’s Land Cover Cla
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Terraced gardens and intensive tree
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22 Wetlands: about 33,000 km 2 ; 13
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Name of Ramsar site Year of Site Ar
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Wetlands: importance and uses 28 Ug
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Wetlands: threats Indiscriminate du
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Wetlands: interventions Wetland res
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Plant a tree for the future: A girl
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An early morning ride through a coo
Page 52 and 53: Conservation areas: Protected areas
Page 54 and 55: The Delta in Murchison Falls Nation
Page 56 and 57: Kabwoya Wildlife Reserve Map of Kab
Page 58 and 59: Figure 13: The major soils of Ugand
Page 60 and 61: Soils: Agro-Ecological Zones Agro-E
Page 62 and 63: 48 Agro-Ecological Rainfall Minimum
Page 64 and 65: Energy: Hydro electric power Above:
Page 66 and 67: Energy: different sources of energy
Page 68 and 69: Kasese Cobalt Trail left by acidic
Page 70 and 71: More pictures of Game parks /wildli
Page 72 and 73: Kiruhura 1990 58 K I R U Kiruhura I
Page 74 and 75: Karamoja 60 Karamoja Increase in ag
Page 76 and 77: 62 Kibimba Rice Scheme Ten years ag
Page 78 and 79: Mabira 2001 Mabira forest 2001 64 M
Page 80 and 81: Part of the Mabira Tropical High Fo
Page 82 and 83: Katuugo Forest 1990, Nakasongola Di
Page 84 and 85: 70 Budongo Forest Reserve Decreased
Page 86 and 87: 72 Budongo fire fronts 2002 Budongo
Page 88 and 89: 74 Katuugo Forest Reserve Loss of v
Page 90 and 91: 76 Mwenge - Mafuga Forest Reserves
Page 92 and 93: Rhino camp 1975 78 Pader Refugee ca
Page 94 and 95: 80 Kooki Hills Area Degraded hills
Page 96 and 97: Kooki hills in Kibaale-Bukoora, Rak
Page 98 and 99: Rainy season: Kooki hills in the ba
Page 100 and 101: 86 Mt. Elgon National Park Conserva
Page 104 and 105: 90 Lake Wamala Wetland degradation
Page 106 and 107: 92 Lake Bunyonyi - Iyamuriro Wetlan
Page 108 and 109: Aerial view of Kabale-Iyamuriro wet
Page 110 and 111: 96 Lake Mutanda Rapid silting and w
Page 112 and 113: Lake Mutanda: Heavily converted Git
Page 114 and 115: 100 Laropi- Moyo lakes/ lagoons Flo
Page 116 and 117: Shifted bridge as result of floodin
Page 118 and 119: 104 Teso region Flooding The northe
Page 120 and 121: 106 Kampala Urbanisation and indust
Page 122 and 123: Kampala City (2007). Inset: Kampala
Page 124 and 125: 110 . . . . .
Page 126 and 127: 112 Naguru-Kololo in 1959 In 1959,
Page 128 and 129: Bugolobi in 1959 Unplanned settleme
Page 130 and 131: 116 Flood prone area at Clock Tower
Page 132 and 133: 118 Construction in the Nsooba-Lubi
Page 134 and 135: 120 Construction in waterways at Za
Page 136 and 137: 122 Construction of houses in Nakiv
Page 138 and 139: 124 Kampala-Jinja Highway Naguru Ho
Page 140 and 141: Biomass Land use/land cover Land us
Page 142 and 143: Positive impacts of Kampala’s cha
Page 144 and 145: A Some of the landmarks in the midd
Page 146 and 147: 132 NEMA 2008
Page 148 and 149: Mt. Elgon borders Uganda and Kenya
Page 150 and 151: 136 Mt. Rwenzori Glaciers Global wa
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138 River Semliki Eroded banks of R
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A herd of cattle grazing and wateri
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142 Kagera River Siltation of Lake
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144 Lake Victoria Green algae bloom
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146 Lake Kyoga Shallow lake, unstab
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NEMA staff and Lira District offici
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150 Kasyoha- Kitomi Forest Reserve
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152 Rhino Refugee camp Impact of re
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Misuse of seasonal wetlands: Teso f
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Uganda’s economy More than 73% of
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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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MDG 7: Ensure Environmental Sustain
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The 2000-2005 growth rate in Africa
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Uganda is divided into four regions
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Literacy rate Literacy rates as a m
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Tourism and the Environment Uganda
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Land use and land cover Over 36 per
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Forest Reserves Central Forest Rese
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and Ntungamo had the percentage of
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Latrine Coverage The use of proper
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Energy for cooking in 2005-2006 Ove
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Arable land Almost all Uganda’s l
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182 Recommendations 1. Efforts to r
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184 Kika Group, a local dance troup
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Wildlife Where is my food- The Gira
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Biodiversity Ecotourism: Heart-shap
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190 Areas of interest Houses of Par
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A modern country homestead near Mba
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Places of worship Namirembe Cathedr
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Traditional aspects Gisu Imbalu (ci
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Crater lakes in Uganda 198
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Acronyms AEZ Agro-ecological Zoning
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Index A Abim 60,181 Abstraction 18
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Montane forests 90 Moon x Moroto 60
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The Uganda Atlas of Our Changing En
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