Uganda Atlas of Our Changing Environment - GRID-Arendal

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Zone 1: Lake Victoria Basin Zone 2: Karamoja Zone 3: Western Uganda 8 Climatic zones Figure 4: Climatic zones of Uganda Zone 4: Acholi-Kyoga Zone 5: Southern Uganda Zone 6: Mount Elgon Atlas of Uganda, 1967
Zone I Lake Victoria Basin This zone is located around Lake Victoria and extends for a distance varying between 48-64 km inland from the lake shore. Rainfall varies from 1250 mm to over 2000 mm per annum. Rainfall is received throughout the year with two rainfall peaks in April-May and October-November; and two relatively low rainfall periods between December- March and June-July. The rainfall peaks are associated with the onset of southeast and northeast monsoon winds. Temperature, humidity, and wind patterns in this zone display comparatively small variations throughout the year. Zone II Karamoja This zone is characterized by a long and hot dry season lasting from November to March. It is the driest and hottest part of the country. There is a single rainy season from April to August. Average annual rainfall is between 300 mm and 600 mm, declining from west to east of the zone. Zone III Western Uganda This zone forms a relatively narrow belt along the entire western extremities of the country. The eastern limits of the zone are, however, difficult to determine. It includes the highland area of West Nile region, the escapement of the Albertine rift valley, the rift valley, the South Western highland region, and the mountains of Rwenzori and Muhavura. On the plateau, escarpment, and in the highlands rainfall is about 1250 mm, while in the mountains it increases to over 2000 mm. Generally, rainfall increases with altitude in the entire zone. The rift valley section experiences low rainfall, with averages of less than 875 mm. Temperature conditions vary widely from cold in the mountains, cool in the highlands to hot on the rift valley floor. Zone IV Acholi-Kyoga The zone includes much of the northern and part of eastern Uganda. The average rainfall is from 1250 mm to 1500 mm and mainly occurs between April and October (Wet season). The dry period usually extends from November to March. Rainfall is mainly convectional, characterized by afternoon and evening occurrences. Zone V Southern Uganda This zone extends from eastern to south-western Uganda, up to Rakai District. It experiences double maxima rainfall patterns with averages ranging from 875 mm to 1125 mm. The rainy seasons occur between April-May and September-November. The zone experiences two dry seasons, from June to July and December to January. The rainfall patterns in this zone are largely influenced by the maritime Lake Victoria conditions and the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The rainfall is dominated by thunderstorms of convectional nature. Zone VI Mount Elgon This zone experiences the main rains from March to September but with a sharp dry spell in June, and with a dry period from December to February. The rainfall patterns are influenced by both the orographic effects of the mountains and the proximity to Lake Victoria, through increasing total rainfall and decreasing the severity of the dry period. On the mountain foot hills and slopes, rainfall decreases from south (1250-1500 mm) to north (1000 mm) with the northern slopes falling within the rain shadow of the mountain. Human settlements along the shores of Lake Victoria in Bugiri District. The trees planted by communities did not effectively ameliorate the effects of climatic extremes in the area as the regulations on managememt of the catchment zone were not adhered to (2005) Dried Mubuku River during the dry season, Kasese District. In the background: Mt. Rwenzori ranges (2008) Maritime climatically influenced Lake Victoria plains at Kakira in Jinja District (2008) Heavy rainfall triggered landslides on Mt. Elgon at Busayi Bududa in November 1997; it destroyed 97 houses. 9 NEMA 2005 NEMA 2008 NEMA 2008 NEMA 2008
Page 1: U G A N D A Atlas of Our Changing E
Page 4 and 5: © 2009, National Enviornment Manag
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 2: Uganda’s Changing Envi
Page 8 and 9: Foreword Hon. Maria Mutagamba MINIS
Page 10 and 11: Sunset over Europe and Africa A dig
Page 12 and 13: The beautiful ridges landscape in K
Page 14 and 15: x Display of Jupiter, Venus and the
Page 16 and 17: Figure 2: The Geology of Uganda 2 G
Page 18 and 19: Uganda experiences moderate tempera
Page 20 and 21: Rainfall distribution Figure 3: Uga
Page 24 and 25: A degraded lake-shore catchment zon
Page 26 and 27: Lake Water Levels Lake Victoria hig
Page 28 and 29: 14 River Basins, Lakes and Wetlands
Page 30 and 31: Figure 8: Uganda’s water potentia
Page 32 and 33: The water problem in Kamuli Distric
Page 34 and 35: Figure 9: Uganda’s Land Cover Cla
Page 36 and 37: Terraced gardens and intensive tree
Page 38 and 39: 22 Wetlands: about 33,000 km 2 ; 13
Page 40 and 41: Name of Ramsar site Year of Site Ar
Page 42 and 43: Wetlands: importance and uses 28 Ug
Page 44 and 45: Wetlands: threats Indiscriminate du
Page 46 and 47: Wetlands: interventions Wetland res
Page 48 and 49: Plant a tree for the future: A girl
Page 50 and 51: An early morning ride through a coo
Page 52 and 53: Conservation areas: Protected areas
Page 54 and 55: The Delta in Murchison Falls Nation
Page 56 and 57: Kabwoya Wildlife Reserve Map of Kab
Page 58 and 59: Figure 13: The major soils of Ugand
Page 60 and 61: Soils: Agro-Ecological Zones Agro-E
Page 62 and 63: 48 Agro-Ecological Rainfall Minimum
Page 64 and 65: Energy: Hydro electric power Above:
Page 66 and 67: Energy: different sources of energy
Page 68 and 69: Kasese Cobalt Trail left by acidic
Page 70 and 71: More pictures of Game parks /wildli
Page 72 and 73:
Kiruhura 1990 58 K I R U Kiruhura I
Page 74 and 75:
Karamoja 60 Karamoja Increase in ag
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62 Kibimba Rice Scheme Ten years ag
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Mabira 2001 Mabira forest 2001 64 M
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Part of the Mabira Tropical High Fo
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Katuugo Forest 1990, Nakasongola Di
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70 Budongo Forest Reserve Decreased
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72 Budongo fire fronts 2002 Budongo
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74 Katuugo Forest Reserve Loss of v
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76 Mwenge - Mafuga Forest Reserves
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Rhino camp 1975 78 Pader Refugee ca
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80 Kooki Hills Area Degraded hills
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Kooki hills in Kibaale-Bukoora, Rak
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Rainy season: Kooki hills in the ba
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86 Mt. Elgon National Park Conserva
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Dawn at the Mt. Elgon Ranges (2008)
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90 Lake Wamala Wetland degradation
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92 Lake Bunyonyi - Iyamuriro Wetlan
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Aerial view of Kabale-Iyamuriro wet
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96 Lake Mutanda Rapid silting and w
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Lake Mutanda: Heavily converted Git
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100 Laropi- Moyo lakes/ lagoons Flo
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Shifted bridge as result of floodin
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104 Teso region Flooding The northe
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106 Kampala Urbanisation and indust
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Kampala City (2007). Inset: Kampala
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110 . . . . .
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112 Naguru-Kololo in 1959 In 1959,
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Bugolobi in 1959 Unplanned settleme
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116 Flood prone area at Clock Tower
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118 Construction in the Nsooba-Lubi
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120 Construction in waterways at Za
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122 Construction of houses in Nakiv
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124 Kampala-Jinja Highway Naguru Ho
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Biomass Land use/land cover Land us
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Positive impacts of Kampala’s cha
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A Some of the landmarks in the midd
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132 NEMA 2008
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Mt. Elgon borders Uganda and Kenya
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136 Mt. Rwenzori Glaciers Global wa
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138 River Semliki Eroded banks of R
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A herd of cattle grazing and wateri
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142 Kagera River Siltation of Lake
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144 Lake Victoria Green algae bloom
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146 Lake Kyoga Shallow lake, unstab
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NEMA staff and Lira District offici
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150 Kasyoha- Kitomi Forest Reserve
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152 Rhino Refugee camp Impact of re
Page 168 and 169:
Misuse of seasonal wetlands: Teso f
Page 170 and 171:
Uganda’s economy More than 73% of
Page 172 and 173:
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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MDG 7: Ensure Environmental Sustain
Page 176 and 177:
The 2000-2005 growth rate in Africa
Page 178 and 179:
Uganda is divided into four regions
Page 180 and 181:
Literacy rate Literacy rates as a m
Page 182 and 183:
Tourism and the Environment Uganda
Page 184 and 185:
Land use and land cover Over 36 per
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Forest Reserves Central Forest Rese
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and Ntungamo had the percentage of
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Latrine Coverage The use of proper
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Energy for cooking in 2005-2006 Ove
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Arable land Almost all Uganda’s l
Page 196 and 197:
182 Recommendations 1. Efforts to r
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184 Kika Group, a local dance troup
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Wildlife Where is my food- The Gira
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Biodiversity Ecotourism: Heart-shap
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190 Areas of interest Houses of Par
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A modern country homestead near Mba
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Places of worship Namirembe Cathedr
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Traditional aspects Gisu Imbalu (ci
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Crater lakes in Uganda 198
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Acronyms AEZ Agro-ecological Zoning
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Index A Abim 60,181 Abstraction 18
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Montane forests 90 Moon x Moroto 60
Page 220:
The Uganda Atlas of Our Changing En
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Uganda Atlas of Our Changing Environment - GRID-Arendal

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