A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 106. Stereocaulon melanopotamicum LAMB (n. nom.) Syn. Stereocaulon corticatulum var. procerum LAMB, Farlowia, 4: 462 (1955). Typus: Argentina, Prov. Rio Negro, between Lago Frias and the Frias Glacier, on rock, leg. I. M. LAMB, 1950 (no. 6086) (CAN, holotypus; FH, isotypus). Icon. : LAMB 1955, fig. 27, as St. corticatulum var. procerum. Mat. chim.: atranorin, lobaric acid, and traces of unidentified substances. Usnic acid also demonstrated in one specimen, but perhaps due to a contaminant. The report by HUNECK and FOLLMANN (1965) of atranorin, lecanoric acid and parietin in a Chilean specimen was based on a misidentification, the plant in question being Leprocaulon tenellum (TUCK.) NYL.; see LAMB and WARD, 1974, p. 540. Distrib.: Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro, Chubut) and Chile (Malleco). Remarks: morphologically similar to St. corticatulum NYL., but sometimes considerably larger (up to 5 cm tall, as in the type specimen), although usually only ca. 2 cm, so that for certain identification chromatography is necessary to demonstrate the presence of lobaric acid instead of rangiformic and norrangiformic acids, the characteristic constituents of St. corticatulum. The apical soredia, conspicuous in the type material, are not always distinctly developed. May occur closely associated with St. corticatulum in Argentine Patagonia. 107. Stereocaulon meyeri B. STEIN Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 66: 134 (1888); LAMB ex FREY, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 86: 220 (1967). Typus: Africa, Tanzania, Mt. Kilimanjaro, altit. 4000 m s. m., leg. H. MEYER, 1887. Holotypus (BRSL ?) not seen by us, but an isotype sent by B. STEIN studied in UPS-TH FR. Facultative synonymsT3: Stereocaulon meyeri var. bornmulleri B. STEIN, Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 66: 134 (1888). - Stereocaulon ramulosum var. bornmulleri (B. STEIN) M ~L. ARG. Engler's Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 513 (1893). - Stereocaulon haumanianum DUVIGN. Lejeunia, Mbm. no. 14: 102 (1956). - Stereocaulon karisimbiense DUVIGN. IOC. cit. p. 94 (1956). - StereocaulonpenicilliurnD~~~~ loc. cit. p. 98 (1956). Exsicc.: ABB. Lich. Madagasc. et Borbon. Sel. Exs. Fasc. I1 (1966) no. 39 (FH). Icon.: DUVIGN. 1956, figs. 2, 27, as St. penicillium; fig. 26, as St. karisimbiense; figs. 28, 29, 30, as St. haumanianum. Mat. chim.: atranorin, perlatolic acid, and 2 unidentified substances. The chemistry therefore agrees with that of the closely allied species St. ramulosum (Sw.) RAUSCH. Distrib. : central Africa (Kenya, Rwanda-Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania), South Africa, Madagascar, Rkunion, Tristan da Cunha, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina (prov. C6rdoba). Remarks: whether St. meyeri should be maintained as a distinct species separate from St. ramulosum (Sw.) RXusc~. is perhaps open to question. The only reliable distinguishing character is the presence of soralia on the apices of the pseudopodetia, and these are variable in their degree of development. Generally speaking, the abundance of soralia in St. meyeri is inversely proportional to the degree of fertility (presence of apothecia). In well fertile African specimens the soredia may be reduced to vanishing point, and the distinction from St. ramulosum becomes subjective. POELT (1970, 1972a) has drawn attention to the existence of paired ascocarpic and sorediate taxa in various lichen genera; St. ramulosum and St. meyeri afford a good example of such an "Artenpaar". See also discussion in BRODO and HAWKS- WORTH, 1977, pp. 3C32. Morphologically subsimilar but chemically different species related to St. meyeri are St. atlanticum (LAMB) LAMB and St. rugulosum LAMB. 73 Stereocaulon proximum f. sorediata NYL. (syn. Stereocaulon sorediatum (NYL.) VAIN.) may also possibly be a synonym of Sr. meyeri, but is an untypified doubtful taxon (see Append. 2, p. 324).
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 297 Fo. acuminatum (MULL. ARG.) LAMB (n. comb.) Basionym: Stereocaulon ramulosum var. acuminatum MULL. ARC. Flora, 73: 335 (1890); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 138 (1929). Typus: Africa, Tanzania, Mt. Kilimanjaro, altit. 3000 m s. m., leg. VON HOHNEL, 1890 (no. 208) (G-MULL, holotypus). Remarks: pseudopodetia simple or only sparingly branched, acuminate-attenuate at the apices, which are farinose-sorediate. Habitus resembling that of St. cornutum MULL. ARG. Rare; 2 specimens seen, from Tanzania and Kenya. Fo. tucumanum LAMB (n. f.) Syn. Stereocaulon meyeri var. tucumanum LAMB ex GRASSI, Lilloa, 24: 363 (1950) (nomen nudum). Diagn. : A specie typica differt phyllocladiis distincte complanatis et flabellato-divisis. Typus: Argentina, Prov. Tucumhn, Dept. Chicligasta, between La Cascada and Las Cuevas, altit. 2800 m s. m., on rock in subalpine pasture at the tree limit, leg. T. MEYER, 1949 (LL, holotypus; CAN, isotypus). Remarks: phyllocladia flabellately branched, distinctly flattened at the ends, often paler (whitish) on the underside. Apices of pseudopodetia sorediate. (Sterile.) Pycnoconidia filiform, arcuate, 8-10 xca. 0.5 p. Known only from the type specimen. Var. farinosum (TH. FR.) LAMB Canad. J. Bot. 29: 582 (1951). - Stereocaulon ramulosum [var.] 6. farinosum TH. FR. De Stereoc. et Pilophor. Comment.: 12 (1857); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 138 (1929). - Stereocaulon ramulosum f. farinosum (TH. FR.) HUE, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3,lO: 244 (sep. 32) (1898). - Stereocaulon farinosum (TH. FR.) VAIN. Dansk Bot. Ark. 4 (11): 6 (1926). Typus: Mexico, Pico de Orizaba, altit. 10-12000 feet, leg. LIEBMANN, 1841 (no. 74; PI. Mex. no. 7663) (WS-TH FR, holotypus; c, FH, isotypes). Icon. : TH. FR. 1858, PI. VII, fig. 1, as St. ramulosum 6. farinosum. - LAMB 1951, PI. 111, fig. B. Remarks: distinguished from the typical species by its compact, prostrate-caespitose, dorsiventral habitus. Specimens seen from Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and South Africa. The description given by HUE (I 898-1901), based on a Colombian specimen (not seen by us) may refer to St. strictum TH. FR. The specimens from the Azores cited as St. ramulosum var. farinosum by DEGELIUS (1941) belong to St. atlanticum (LAMB) LAMB. 108. Stereocaulon microcarpum MULL. ARG. Flora, 62: 162 (1879); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 126 (1929). Typus: Brazil, Slo Paulo State, near Apiahy, on rock, leg. J. I. PUIGGARI, 1877 (no. 151) (G- MULL, holotypus). Facultative synonyms: Stereocalrlon mixtum var. tenellum MULL. ARG. Flora, 63: 260 (1880). - Stereocalrlon proximum status ferruginascens MCL. ARG. Hedwigia, 30: 220 (1891). - Stereocaulon implexum f. sorediosa VAIN. Etude sur la Classification Naturelle et la Morphologie des Lichens du Brhil, Pars prima : 68 (1 890). Exsicc.: Krypt. Exs. Vindob. Cent. VII (1901) no. 667, as St. proximum var. gracilius (c, FH, LD, UPS, US, WELC). -VAIN. Lich. Bras. Exs. (1891-92) no. 1188, as St. implexum f. sorediosa (FH); no. 1361, as St. implexum (FH). Mat. chim.: the chemistry of this species is complex. The presumed full chemical spectrum (seen in 1 specimen from Peru) comprises atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid, glomelliferic acid, bourgeanic acid, and fumarproto-
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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