A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

308 Joum. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977
attached annotation, "This is the authentic Type of Lichen paschalis Linn. The central
specimen is certainly that species. The others are less typical." The number 982 refers to
the number of the species on p. 359 of the first edition of LINNJYS Flora Suecica (1745), where
the polynomial nomenclature ("Lichen fruticulosus solidus tectus, foliolis crustaceis") is used;
68 refers to the number of the species in LINNE'S Species Plantarum, vol. 2 (1753), which is
the original publication of Lichenpaschalis. We inspected the specimens on this sheet in 1954
and again in 1958. The large central specimen which RIDDLE seems to suggest as lectotype
is not St. paschale as now understood, but is either St. tomentosum FR. or St. myriocarpum
TH. FR., with the numerous small lateral apothecia characteristic of both those species. The
lectotypification of RIDDLE (if such was intended) should therefore be rejected. The remaining
7 specimens, grouped around the large central specimen, are as follows (starting at the uppermost
one and going clockwise): (2) St. paschale (fert.); (3) St. paschale (ster.); (4) St.
paschale (fert.); (5) St. paschale (sparingly fert.); (6) apparently referable to St. grande (MAGN.)
MAGN. (fert.); (7) St. paschale (sparingly fert.); (8) St. paschale (ster.). We would suggest
as lectotype of St. paschales' specimen no. (5), at the bottom of the sheet, not only because
it represents the species in the generally accepted sense, but also because LINN~ has written
the Flora Suecica number 982 close against it, which suggests that this may be the specimen
which he regarded as most characteristic of Lichenpaschalis. This specimen shows the typical
dark cephalodia. The origin of the specimens on the sheet is not known, but the placing
of the Flora Suecica number 982 against the lectotype would seem to indicate that it was from
Sweden (probably Lapland).
It must be remembered that prior to the end of the first quarter of the 19th. century, when
St. dactylophyllum FLK. (1819), St. tomentosum FR. (1824) and St. alpinum LAUR. (1827) were
first discriminated, the names Lichen paschalis and Stereocaulon paschale were used in a very
wide sense, including these species, and probably some others also.
St. paschale f. typicum DU RIETZ
No type designated. A superfluous nomenclatural synonym for the typical species.
St. paschale [var.] a. vulgare TH. FR.
Although intended to designate the typical species, this variety is probably not to be considered
as typified by the Linnean material, which according to TH. FRIES'S remarks (1857,
p. 34) he had not seen, but should be typified on one of the specimens cited by him in his original
description of that taxon, i. e. either EHRHART, PI. Cryptog. Linn. no. 118 or FLOTOW,
Deutsche Lich. Ens. no. 12 A-C (both in herb. TH. FRIES). Through the courtesy of Dr.
R. MOBERG (UPS) we received both these specimens for examination, and verified that they are
both referable to St. paschale. The EHRHART specimen is somewhat atypical in having pale
Nostoc-cephalodia of the alpinum-type, but FLOTOW 12A and 12B both have the typical dark
Stigonema-cephalodia. No. 12A is fertile, and we designate it as the lectotype of var. vulgare
(lectotypif. nov.), a synonym of the typical species. These FLOTOW specimens bear no indication
of locality.
St. paschale [var.] 6. serpens TH. FR.
Typus: Sweden, "circa Upsaliam sat frequens" (UPS-TH FR). It is from Vitulfsberg, leg. TH.
FRIES, 1852.
Lectotypif. nov.