A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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238 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 into the southern hemisphere along the Andean chain to the southernmost part of S. America. Generalized distribution map in LAMB, 1951, fig. 9. In S. E. Asia its place is taken by the very closely related St. myriocarpum TH. FR. Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Belgium, Scotland, France, Spain, Germany, Swit~erland,~~ Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, U. S. S. R. (Kola Peninsula, Murmansk Distr., Estonian SSR, Belorussian SSR, Lening~ad region, Karelia ladogensis, Smolensk ObIast, Ural Mts., Altai Mts., Sayan Mts. Krasnoyarsk Temt., Transbaikalia, Kamtchatka, Extreme Orient, Sachalin), Mongolian People's Republic, Iceland, Greenland, Canada (Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, N. W. Territ., Yukon Territ.), Miquelon Island, U. S. A. (New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Idaho, Colorado, Wyoming, California, Washington, Alaska), China (Yiinnan), Korea, Japan (Hokkaido), Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile (Magallanes, Brunswick Peninsula), Argentina (Tierra del Fuego, Santa Cruz, Rio Negro; the var. capitatum in Prov. TucumBn), Falkland Islands. Unverified records: Rumania (Mo~uzr, PETRIA and MANTU, 1967), Bulgaria (NIKOL<strong>OF</strong>F, 1931), U. S. S.R., Georgia (PACHUN<strong>OF</strong>F, 1934) and Moscow region (MULLER ARG., 1878), Manchuria P SAT^, 1952), Tibet (HUE, 1898-1901), U.S.A., Ohio (HUE, 1898-1901). Erroneous records: Himalayas (KREMPE- LHUBER, 1868, as St. tomentosum var. alpestre),=St. myriocarpurn TH. FR.; Chile, Juan Fernandez (ZAHLBRUCKNER, 1924, as St. paschale var. mageNanicum),=mixture of 2 indeterminable species, not St. tomentosum; Antarctic Peninsula (DARBISHIRE, 191 2), = St alpinum LAUR. ; South Georgia (ZAHL- BRUCKNER, 1917, as St. tomentosum var. magellanicum),=St. alpinum LAUR. (cfr. also Du RIETZ, 1926a). Remarks: St. tomentosum var. inciso-crenatum SCHAER., var. campestre KORB., and Patellaria tomentosa var. decumbens WALLR., being founded on the same type material as the species, are obligate synonyms of the latter; see Appendix 1, p. 307. Fo. botryocarpum (MAGN.) LAMB ex POELT, Bestirnmungsschliisse1 Europaischer Flechten: 639 (1969). - Stereocaulon botryocarpum MAGN. Bot. Not.: 307 (1939). Typus: Sweden, Gotland, Gotska Sandon, on sand dunes, leg. TH. ARWIDSSON, 1934 (S, holotypus). Icon.: GALLQE 1972, PI. 1, figs. 3-5; PI. 59, figs. 481487; PI. 60, figs. 488494; PI. 61, figs. 495- 501; PI. 62, figs. 502-506; PI. 63, figs. 507-510; PI. 64, figs. 511-516; PI. 65, figs. 517-520; PI. 66, figs. 521-526; PI. 67, figs. 527-535; PI. 68, figs. 536-540; PI. 69, figs. 541-545; PI. 70, figs. 546-551; PI. 71, figs. 552-554; all as St. tomentosum. Remarks: distinguished by the very short, semi-prostrate, dorsiventral pseudopodetia with dark gray, smoothly felted tomentum and crustose-concrescent phyllocladia. PD+ orange-red. The characters of botryosely divided apothecia and large cephalodia emphasized by MAGNUSSON are accidental and inconstant. Characteristic of movable sand dunes, and analogous to St. alpinum var. gracilentum (TH. FR.) MAGN. In addition to 3 specimens from the type locality, we have seen one from Canada, Prince Edward Island, on sand dunes, referable to this form. Var. alpestre FLOT. Flora, Jahrg. 19, 1, Beiblatt 1 : 17 (1836); FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.-FI. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 185 (1932); Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 69: 195 (1959). - Stereocaulon alpinum [f.] P. alpestre (FLoT.) TH. FR. Monogr. Stereoc. et Pilophor.: 358 (sep. 54) (1858). - Stereocaulon tomentosum f. alpestre (FLoT.) Nn. Synopsis Methodica Lichenum, 1 (2): 244 (1860). - Stereocaulon tomentosum [subsp.l**. alpestre (FLoT.) HUE, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3, 2: 247 (sep. 39) (1890). 30 Only the var. alpestre seen; cfr. also FREY (1959).
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 239 Typus: Polish-Czechoslovakian border, Riesengebirge, leg. FLOTOW (date ?) (B, holotypus, destroyed in World War I1 and not seen by us; it was however seen by FREY and his description of 1932 is based on it). Exsicc. : Krypt. Exs. Vindob. Cent. XIX (191 1) no. 1855b, as St. tomentosum (COLO, s, us). - THOMS. Lich. Arct. nos. 43, 46 (1960) (w~s). Icon.: FREY 1932, fig. 29e; 1959, fig. IOe. Remarks: morphologically puzzlingly similar to St. alpinum LAUR., but reliably distinguished by the PD+red reaction and, if fertile, by the small lateral apothecia. Also the tomentum is usually heavier than in St. alpinum. But distinction from St. myriocarpum TH. FR. may be difficult. FLOTOW'S original description is very good. Common and as widely distributed as the typical species, and more frequently found than the latter in very exposed situations. Var. cornpacturn FREY Rabenhorsts Krypt.-FI. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 187 (1932). Typus: E. Germany, Sachsen, Plauen, Vogtland, Brambach, leg. A. SPINDLER, 1908 (HBG, holotypus; FREY, isotypus). Facultative synonym: Stereocaulon tomentosum f. tectorum TOM. Mem. Inst. Agronom. Woronesch (MBm. Inst. Agronom. de 1'Empereur Pierre I t~ Voroneje), 3: 127 (1918). Exsicc.: AND. Lich. Exs. Bohem. Bor. Fasc. I1 (1930) no. 87, pr. p., as St. globosus (PR. Mixed with St. evolutum GRAEWE). - HAHN, Flechten-Herbarium (1884) no. ,9, as St. tomentosum (DEGEL). - K ~ K Lich. , Bohem. Fasc. 111 (1913) no. 126, as St. tomentosum (PR). - SCHADE, STOLLE et RIEHM. Lich. Sax. Exs. Decas VIII (1925) no. 76, as St. tomentosum (BM, PR); no. 77, as St. tomentosum (BM). - VBZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. LII (1975) no. 1283 (BRNU). Icon.: FREY 1932, fig. 29d; 1959, fig. 10d. -TOM. 1918, PI. 11, figs. 1-3, as St. tomentosum f. tectorum. Remarks: distinguished by its dark gray color, flattened and dorsiventral habitus, and often dark (grayish) tomentum of the underside; strongly resembling St. saxatile MAGN. Fairly common and widely distributed in Europe, Russia and N. America. Var. capitaturn LAMB (n. ~ar.)~l Diagn. : Apothecia pro majore parte terminalia et magna, usque 2(-3) mm lata; minora et lateralia passim quoque occurrunt. Ceteris notis ut in forma typica. Typus: Argentina, Prov. Tucumin, Valle de Tafi, W. slope of Cumbre Potrerillo, altit. 3700 m s. m., in rocky alpine Stipa pasture, leg. I. M. LAMB, 1947 (no. 5309) (CAN, holotypus). Remarks: differs from the typical species in having many of the apothecia terminal and large, pileate and convex-immarginate, sometimes irregularly lobate. Small lateral apothecia of the normal type for the species may occur also on the same thallus. Habitus typical of St. tomentosum, with heavy tomentum; phyllocladia mostly resembling those of the var. alpestre. Forming clumps up to 30 cm across, with pseudopodetia upright in the center, more or less decumbent at the periphery. Several collections made in the same region from elevations of 2000 to 3700 m s. m. Collected in 1872-74 by LORENTZ and HIERONYMUS, who worked in the same region of Argentina (Cienega, Prov. Tucumin); specimens are present in UPS-TH FR and M, determined as "Stereocaulon myriocarpum P. Orizabae" and listed by KREMPELHUBER under that name in Flora, 61 (1878). Apparently endemic to the Precordillera of N. W. Argentina. 31 Published as nomen nudum in GRASSI, 1950, p. 365.
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offenen See" (H-RAs, holotypus). I.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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