A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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274 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 name given). In his Synopsis (1860) he mentioned specimens from Java, the Philippines and Polynesia, as St. mixtum subsp. nesaeum, using the epithet in the sense of St. massartianurn, a circumscription which was followed by later authors. Nevertheless, the name nesaeum must be typified on the material listed in the original description: Sandwich Islands, = Hawaii. St. massartianum or related species do not seem to occur in the Hawaiian Islands, and we have not been able to find any material from there designated by NYLANDER as St. nesaeum either in his herbarium (H-NYL) or in PC. MAGNUSSON in MAGNUSSON and ZAHLBRUCKNER, 1944, p. 47, expressed the opinion that the type material of St. nesaeum from the Hawaiian Islands must belong to St. ramulosum (Sw.) RAUSCH., but the question cannot be satisfactorily resolved unless NYLANDER'S original specimen comes to light. The two varieties lecideoides and zeorina distinguished by VAINIO are taxonomically insignificant. According to our lectotypification (p. 318) both appear to belong to Strain 11. Stereocaulon chlorocarpoides ZAHLBR. represents the condition of St. massartianum in which the apothecia are borne at the ends of apical branches, not on short lateral branchlets. Although this state was formerly considered by us to be a distinct variety (LAMB, 1965), it has since become obvious that it is a normal non-taxonomic variation. Similar states occur in the closely related species St. brassii and St. togashii. Stereocaulon stalagmitiferum DUVIGN. was separated from St. massartianum on the basis of having compound or aggregated carpogonial clavulae. This feature seems to be without taxonomic value. 88. Stereocaulon montagneanum LAMB J. Jap. Bot. 40 (9): 272 (1965). Typus: Malaya, Pahang State, Cameron Highlands, altit. 1500-2500 m s. m., leg. M. TOGASHI, 1962 (no. 62236) (FH, holotypus; ASAH, isotypus. Isotype material distributed in KUROK. Lich. Rarior. et Crit. Exs. no. 142). Facultative synonym (doubtful) : Stereocaulon coralligerum MEYER, Nebenstunden meiner Beschaefftigungen im Gebiete der Manzenkunde, Erster Theil: 156 (1825); see Remarks below. Exsicc.: KUROK. Lich. Rarior. et Crit. Exs. Fasc. I11 (1971) no. 142 (isotype material) (FH). Icon.: LAMB 1965, fig. 2. - G. T. JOHNS. 1954, fig. 1, as St. nesaeum. Mat. chim. : atranorin and stictic acid; possibly also norstictic acid. Distrib. : Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Celebes), Malaya, Borneo, New Guinea, at higher elevations. Remarks: cephalodia sacculate. Closely related to St. massartianum HUE, but differing in its taller growth, conspicuously dendroid habitus, and in the reduction of the phyllocladia on the uppermost branches to short papillae. It has been given various unpublished herbarium names by several authors, the first being MONTAGNE. A doubtful published epithet which may possibly refer to this species is Stereocaulon coralligerum MEYER (1825), very incompletely described as from Chile, leg. CHAMISSO, and Brazil, leg. BEYRICH. MEYER describes the apothecia as being in swollen heads resembling the fruit bodies of Sphaerophorus, a character congruent with the present species. Furthermore, there is a specimen in UPS-TH FR, labelled by TH. FRIES "Stereocaulon coralligerum Mey. Specimen origin. Loc. nat. non indic. Ex hb. Berol. accepi. Berol. Dec. 1861. Th. Fr.", and it is a very typical fertile specimen of St. montagneanum. DUVIGNEAUD, 1942, p. 91, attributes the name St. coralligerum to various specimens seen by him from Chile under the name of St. ramulosum, but does not give a clear description of them. St. montagneanum is not known from S. America, where its occurrence is very unlikely, and it is almost certain that the specimen in UPS-TH FR mentioned above must have come from S. E. Asia. If this is so, it cannot be regarded as type material, which would have to be from either Chile or Brazil, the countries cited in the pub-
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 275 lished protologue. There is a specimen of St. montagneanum in L from Java, without name of collector, stated to be from the herbaria of BUSE and SPRENGEL, named "Stereocaulon ramulosum" and "Stereocaulon coralligerum Meyer". The available evidence points to the probability of St. coralligerum MEYER having been based on an Indonesian specimen of St. montagneanum, but because the protologue cites only specimens from Chile and Brazil, the typification of the epithet in the sense of the present species is not nomenclaturally possible. 89. Stereocaulon paradoxum LAMB (n. sp.) Diagn.: Pseudopodetia (inter muscos et hepaticas crescentia) plus minusve decumbentia aut prostrata, substrato laxe vel vix affixa et partibus infimis ut videtur emorientia; longit. 24 cm, crassit. 0.64.8 (-1.0) mm, teretia, subsimplicia vel parce irregulariter ramosa, varie flexuosa intricataque, pr. maj. p. bene tomentosa (tomento coacto-spongioso, pallido, ut in St. myriocarpo). Soredia desunt. Phyllocladia nurnerosa, aggregata, digitata aut cylindricocoralloidea, bene ramosa, parva exiliaque, longit. 0.5-1.5 mm, crassit. 0.10-0.25 mm, albida, pseudopodetia aequaliter vestientia et in eorum apicibus minute papillata sed mox digitatoelongantia. Cephalodia pseudopodetiis lateraliter insidentia, intus solida (protosacculata), laeviuscule subglobosa, pallide rufofuscescentia, parva (0.54.8 rnm lata), nec pedicellata nec scrobiculata, sed majora interdum fissurantia et tandem verrucoso-divisa; structura corticalis gelatinoso-pseudoparencymatica. (Apothecia et pycnidia adhuc ignota.) Atranorinum et acidum lobaricum continet (K+flavescens, PD+pallide flavescens). -Prim0 intuitu St. myriocarpum TH. FR. simulans, sed cephalodiis protosacculatis mox distinguendum. Typus: India, Uttar Pradesh, Charnoli Distr., between Waan and Bhuna, altit. 3500 m s. m., on soil over rock among mosses and foliose hepatics, leg. A. SINGH, 1967 (no. 91599) (FH, holotypus; LWG, ~SO~YPUS). Mat. chim.: atranorin, lobaric acid, and trace of an unidentified substance. Distrib.: Himalayan region. Known only from the type specimen. Remarks: This rather strange new species with protosacculate cephalodia superficially resembles St, myriocarpum TH. FR. in habitus, form of phyllocladia and tomentosity of pseudopodetia. As apothecia are not known, its placing in Subsect. Holostelidium can only be tentative. The cephalodia contain Nostocoid algae; their cortex is 20-45 p thick, pale sordid yellowish but not nubilated, of pseudoparenchymatous structure with isodiametric, thick-walled cells; lumina rounded, 34 p diam., the walls gelatinously confluent and 2-3 p thick. There is no indication of any palisadic structure. 90. Stereocaulon piluliferum TH. FR. De Stereoc. et Pilophor. Comment.: 21 (1857); Monogr. Stereoc. et Pilophor.: 337 (sep. 33) (1858); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 134 (1929). Typus: Nepal, exact locality not given, leg. WALLICH (date ?) (UPS-TH FR, holotypus; c, FH-TAYL, isotypes). Fac~ltative synonyms: Stereocaulon sinense HUE, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3, 10: 251 (sep. 39) (1898). - Stereocaulon piluliferum var. sinense (HUE) LAMB ex ASAH. in KIHARA, Fauna & Flora of Nepal Himalaya, 1952-53, 1: 50 (1955) (comb. inval.). Exsicc.: KUROK. Lich. Rarior. et Crit. Exs. Fax. I11 (1971) no. 144 (FH, LD). - Lich. EXS. Univ. Colorado Mus. Fasc. IV (1966) no. 150, as St. '>iliferumM (LD). - V~ZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fax. XLI (1971) no. 1016 (FH). Icon.: TH. FR. 1858, PI. VIII, fig. 3. -HUE 1898-1901 (1899), PI. 111, fig. 4, as St. sinense. Mat. chim. : atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid; in one specimen from India, Darjeeling
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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