A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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264 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 Typus: Japan, Honshu, Tokyo, on stone wall of the University, leg. Y. ASAHINA. 1943 (no. 650) (CAN, holotypus; ASAH, isotypus). Icon.: ASAH. 1969, figs. 5, 6. Remarks: primary thallus persistent and well developed, with very short, granuliform phyllocladia and very dwarf crowded pseudopodetia only 3-5 (-12) rnrn in length. Specimens seen from Honshu and Kiushiu. Var. aogasimense (ASAH.) LAMB ex ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 44: 266 (1969). - Stereocaulon aogasimense ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 30: 223 (1955). Typus: Japan, Izu-Shichita Islands, Aogashima, on volcanic rock, leg. M. MIZUSHIMA, 1954 (ASAH no. 541 16, holotypus; FH, isotypus). Icon.: ASAH. 1955, p. 224. Remarks: distinguished by the minute size of the phyllocladia, which are cylindriccoralloid, not over 0.5 rnrn long and less than 0.1 rnrn in thickness. Primary thallus persistent. Analogous to the var. subfurfurascens of St. verruculigerum HUE. Known only from the Ryukyu and Izu-Shichita Islands. I. YOSHIMURA, who collected material of this variety on Okinawa Island in 1973, informed us in litt. that the pseudopodetia are often pendulous in nature, which may be a further distinguishing feature. 71. Stereocaulon nigrum HUE Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3, 10: 248 (sep. 36) (1898); G. T. JOHNS. Bryologist, 44: 8 (1941); ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 36 (7): 227 (1961); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 170 (1974). - Stereocaulon exutum var. nigrum (HUE) SATB in NAKAI et HONDA, Nova Flora Japonica, Cladoniales (I): 71 (1941). Typus: Japan, Kiushiu, Unzen, leg. R. F. FAURIE, 1895 (no. 15389) (PC-HUE, holotypus). Facultative synonym (invalid): Stereocaulon exutoides LAMB ex SATB, Misc. Rep. Res. Inst. Nat. Resources (Tokyo), no. 17/18: 172 (1950) (nomen nudum). Exsicc.: ASAH. Lich. Japon. Exs. Fasc. I (1954) no. 43, as St. exutum (UPS, us). Icon.: ASAH. 1961b, fig. 3. - YOSHIM. 1974, PI. 32, fig. 308. Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushiu). Remarks: by some authors confused with St. exutum NYL. It is very similar to that species, but differs in having a distinctly brown-pigmented hypothecium. The black color of the apothecia emphasized by HUE is an inconstant character; they vary from pale brown to dark brown or blackish. 72. Stereocaulon octomerellum MULL. ARC. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 24: 190 (1892); G. T. JOHNS. Bryologist, 44: 9 (1941); SAT^ in NAKAI et HONDA, Nova Flora Japonica, Cladoniales (I): 66 (1941); ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 45: 68 (1970); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour : 172 (1 974). Typus: Japan, Honshu, Nikko, "saxicola ut videtur", leg. YATABE, 1890 (no. 173) (G-MOLL, holotypus). Facultative synonyms: Stereocaulon octomerelloides ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 45: 68 (1970). - Stereocaulon sandwicense MAGN. Ark. Bot. 31A (6): 39 (1944). - Stereocaulon octomerellum var. sandwicense (MAGN.) LAMB, Canad. J. Bot. 29: 582 (1951).
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 265 Exsicc. ASAH. Lich. Japon. Exs. Fasc. VI (1959) no. 296 (UPS, us). - YOSHIM. Lich. Japon. Exs. ser. 2 (1972) no. 48 (NICH). Icon. : SAT6 1941, fig. 23. - ASAH. 1970, fig. 3. - YOSHIM. 1974, fig. 76e; PI. 32, fig. 3 13. - MAGN. et ZAHLBR. 1945, PI. VII, fig. 1, as Sf. sandwicense. Mat. chim.: atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : Japan (Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku, Kiushiu); Hawaii. ASAHINA, 1970, states that many specimens of Sf. octornerellurn have been collected in Honshu and Hokkaido, but only a few in Shikoku and Kiushiu. Remarks: this tiny species is saxicolous (very rarely terricolous), firmly attached to rock, and has a distinct persistent primary thallus consisting of minute, scattered or crowded verruculae which are not of coralloid form except when giving rise to pseudopodetial initials. The phyllocladia on the pseudopodetia vary from papillose-verruculose to cylindric-coralloid. It seems to be always fertile. St. octomerelloides ASAH. was distinguished on the basis of verruculose phyllocladia on the pseudopodetia, "more delicate appearance and less separated spores", but these characteristics show all intergradations to the typical condition. St. sandwicense, formerly considered by us as a distinct variety (LAMB, 1951, LAMB ex FREY 1967), also intergrades in all characters formerly considered to separate it, and can no longer be regarded as distinct. St. octomerellum is therefore a somewhat variable species in its morphology and anatomy. The algae of the cephalodia are usually Stigonema, but in the lectotype specimen of St. sandwicense from Hawaii (s) they are Calothrix parietina (NAEG.) THUR. (identified by Dr. F. DROUET), a Cyanophyceous genus not previously reported in Stereocaulon (cfr. AHMADJIAN, 1967, p. 149/150). 73. Stereocaulon octomerum MULL. ARC. Flora, 74: 109 (1891); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 115 (1929) (as syn. of St. curtaturn NYL.); ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 36 (7): 230 (1961); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour : 170 (1974). Typus: Japan, Honshu, summit of Mt. Ontake, leg. M. MlYos~r, 1890 (no. 113) (G-MULL, holotypus). Icon.: ASAH. 1961b, fig. 6; 1970, fig. 1A. - YOSHIM. 1974, fig. 76b; P1. 32, fig. 309. Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Hokkaido), Formosa, U.S.A. (Alaska). Remarks: has been confused with St. curtatum NYL., but differs from the latter not only chemically but also in its taller growth, soon evanescent primary thallus, narrower spores etc. HUE'S description of "Stereocaulon octomerum", 1898-1901 (1898), p. 249 (sep. 37) obviously refers to St. curtatum. Although the spores of St. octomerum are normally 7-septate, there is a good deal of variation; many 3-, 4- or 5-septate spores also occur, and occasionally a specimen is found with only 34-septate spores. The single Alaskan specimen seen was from the Kenai Peninsula, leg. H. KROG, 1957 (0); see KROG, 1968, p. 88. 74. Stereocaulon pendulum ASAH. ex SAT^, J. Jap. Bot. 17: 247 (1941); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 174 (1974). Typus: Japan, Honshu, Prov. Kozuke, Mt. Akagi, "ad saxa non calcarea", leg. K. TSUNODA, 1923 (TI, holotypus, not seen by us). Paratypes from Prov. Musashi and Prov. Shinano, sent by Dr. ASAHINA, were however examined. 48 MAGNUSSON in MAGN. et ZAHLBR. (1944) stated that the exsiccat ZAHLBR. Lich. Rarior. Exs. no. 58, as St. condensaturn, should be referable to St. sandwicense MAGN. But according to our examination of the examples in PC and UPS, it is St. condensaturn H<strong>OF</strong>FM. as originally named.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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