A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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240 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 37. Stereocaulon uliginosum LAMB (n. sp.) Diagn.: Pseudopodetia erecta, caespitosa vel dispersa, fragilia, irregulariter ramosa, basi emorientia, 2.5-4.0 cm alta, 0.5-1.0 mrn crassa, albicantia, glabra, in apicibus confertim sorediosa. Phyllocladia sparsa, praesertim in parte inferiori pseudopodetiorum evoluta, deplanato-squamulosa et digitato-ramulosa, albicantia, 0.5-0.8 mm lata, iis Stereocauli rivulorum MAGN. haud dissimilia. Soralia copiosa, terminalia, albida, conferta, globulosa, 0.5-1.3 rnm lata, vulgo confluentia, subtiliter farinosa, fere laevigata. Cephalodia sparsa, minuta et inconspicua, pseudopodetiis lateraliter insidentia, pulvinato-subglobosa, ca. 0.5 mm lata, leviter fuscescentia, obsolete verruculosa vel fere laevigata, Stigonema aut Nostoc foventia. Apothecia haud visa. Atranorinum et acidum lobaricum continet (K flavesc., PD pallide flavesc.). - Habitu, crescendi mod0 et materiis chimicis cum St. alpino LAUR. necnon St. paschali (L.) H<strong>OF</strong>FM. congruens, sed soraliis ut in St. capitellato MAGN. instructurn. Typus: Iceland, N. Thing., Sandiris, Thistilfjordur Di~tr.~~, altit. 70 rn s. m., in heathland, intermixed with St. alpinum LAUR., leg. H. KRISTINSSON, 1968 (no. 16423 pr. p.) (FH, holotypus; AK, isotypus). Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : Iceland, W. Greenland, possibly Sweden. Remarks: a sorediate species resembling a tall state of St. capitellatum MAGN. (syn. St. farinaceum MAGN.), but with fragile, basally emorient pseudopodetia of the paschale-type and chemically different. Not seen fertile. It has the same habitat ecology as St. paschale (L.) H<strong>OF</strong>FM., to which it is probably closely related. Found in 2 localities in Iceland by KRISTINSSON, in heath or grassland, forming pure stands or intermixed with St. alpinum LAUR. The W. Greenland specimen (Sdndre Strdmfjord, leg. SKYTTE CHRISTIANSEN, 1946, in c and FH) was growing on ground among mosses in Cassiope tetragona heath. The Swedish specimen (Torne Lappmark, leg. J. POELT, 1951, in GZU and FH) can only be tentatively assigned here; it agrees morphologically and chemically, but was growing on rock and is scanty and not very well developed. Sect. 2. Stereocladium (NYL.) DODGE 38. Stereocaulon nanodes TUCK. Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 28: 201 (1859); Genera Lichenum: 144 (1872); Synopsis of the North American Lichens, Part I: 234 (1882); NYL. Synopsis Methodica Lichenum, 1 (2): 251 (1860); RIDD. Bot. Gaz. 50: 303 (1910); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 128 (1929). Typus: U. S. A., New Hampshire, White Mountains, 3 localities mentioned (Crystal Falls, Saco Falls, upper gorge of the Arnrnonoosuck), "rocks near water", leg. E. TUCKERMAN. AS lectotype we have selected the specimen from "in the gorge of the Arnrnonoosuck at the last ford", 1848 (FH-TUCK, lectotypus, lectotypif. nov.). Facultative synonyms: Stereocladium tyroliense NYL. Flora, 58: 302 (1875). - Stereocaulon alpinum var. tyroliense (NYL.) ARN. Verh. K. K. Zoo1.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 27: 549, 566 (1877). - Stereocaulon tomentosum var. tyroliense ("ARN."; NYL.) OLIV. Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, 36: 162 (1906-07). - Stereocaulon tyroliense (NYL.) LETT. Hedwigia, 60 (3): 106 (1918). - Stereocaulon nanodes f. tyroliense (NYL.) LAMB ex MAQUINAY, LAMB, LAMBINON et RAMAUT, Physiol. P1. (Copenhagen), 14 (2): 285 (1961) (comb. inval.); ex POELT, Be~timmung~schlii~~e1 Europaischer Flechten: 634 (1969) (val.). - Stereocaulon tyroliense var. lapponicum MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.- Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 74 (1926). - Stereocaulon hypopetrueurn VAIN. ex Us. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. ser. A, 34 (4): 60, footnote (1931). 32 Transliterated from the Icelandic characters.
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 241 Exsicc.: ARN. Lich. EXS. (Lich. Jurae) no. 652a, b (date ?), as St. alpinum var. tyroliense (ups); no. 1541 (1892), as Stereocladium tyroliense (EM). - Krypt. Exs. Vindob. Cent. XXIII (1915) no. 2275, pr. p., as St. alpinum var. tyroliense (St. saxonicum on 2nd. emended label) (s. But in co~o and FH it is St. pileatum AcH., and in PR a mixture of St. nanodes and St. pileatum). - MAGN. Lich. Sel. Scand. Exs. Fasc. I (1927) no. 6, as St. tyroliense var. lapponicum (ups); Fasc. X (1937) no. 240, as St. saxonicum (CAN, LD, PR, S, UPS-MAGN). - MALME, Lich. Suec. Exs. Fasc. XXXVII (date ?) no. 918, pr. p., as St. pileatum (the specimen from Sweden) (wrs). - PISUT, Lich. Slovak. EXS. Fasc. IX (1972) no. 211 (BRNU). - RAs. Lich. Fenn. Exs. Fasc. V (1936) no. 201, as St. tyroliense var. lapponica (UPS). - SUZA, Lich. Bohemoslovak. Exs. Fasc. 1V (1929) no. 105, as St. saxonicum (UPS-MAGN); Fasc. VII (1932) no. 198, as St. tyroliense (PR). - V~ZDA, Lich. Bohemoslovak. Exs. Fasc. I1 (1957) no. 45, as St. tyroliense (FH, LD). - VEZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. XVII (1965) no. 416 (LD); Fasc. XXXlX (1971) no. 965 (FH, LD); Fasc. LII (1975) no. 1289 (FH). Icon.: FREY 1932, fig. 15; PI. I, fig. 2, as St. tyroliense; PI. I, fig. 3, as St. tyroliense var. lapponum [sic]; 1959, fig. 4. - Oz. et CLAUZ. 1970, fig. 387A, B. - DAHL et KR~C 1973, fig. 38. Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Occasionally in a deficient phase with atranorin only (cfr. HUNECK, 1966). RAMAUT and SCHUMACKER (1962) reported atranorin, lobaric acid and stictic acid, probably as a result of working with heterogeneous material. Distrib. : northern and central Europe; very locally in N. E. North America (Mt. Washington area in New Hampshire). Sweden, Norway, Finland, Belgium, England, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Czechoslovakia, U. S. S. R. (Karelia ladogensis), U. S. A. (New Hampshire). Unverified records: Poland (TOEOLEWSKI, 1965; NOWAK, 1968); Argentina (RASANEN, 1941). Erroneous records: Newfoundland (ECKFELDT, 1895), =mixture of St. pileatum ACH. and Cladonia decorticata (FLORKE) SPRENG, fide RIDDLE (1910); Peru (LEIGHTON, 1866),=Leprocaulon congestum (NYL.) LAMB et WARD. Remarks: originally collected in 1848, it still occurs in the locus classicus (Amrnonoosuck River, New Hampshire), where we collected good and typical material in 1966. St, tyroliense var. Iapponicum MAGN. represents the optimally developed state, and St. tyroliense (NYL.) LETT. the commonly occurring incompletely developed state; St. hypopetraeum VAIN. represents an intermediate condition. Some ecological notes on its occurrence in Switzerland are given by FREY (1959). St. nanodes is commonly a pioneer plant on substrata rich in heavy metals, such as slag heaps, and is highly resistant to atomospheric pollution. It may occur on calamine slag substrata with a zinc content of up to 700 p.p.m., and concentrates that element in the thallus up to 3300 p.p.m. (MAQUINAY, LAMB, LAMBINON and RAMAUT, 1961; LAMBINON, 1964). POELT (1972) records its occurrence in Berlin, obviously as a result of quite recent colonization; some specimens were growing on the rusty surface of disused iron railroad tracks. It is usually saxicolous, but occasionally occurs also on lignum; it was found in Tirol growing on wooden vineyard poles regularly sprayed with copper compounds (POELT and HUNECK, 1968). Fo. carinthiacum (FREY) LAMB ex FREY, Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 69: 189 (1959); POELT, Bestimmungsschlii~~el Europaischer Flechten: 634 (1969). - Stereocaulon carinthiacum FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.-FI. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 113 (1932). Typus: Austria, Karnten, "Sieben Hiigel" near Klagenfurt, leg. J. STEINER (no. 195; date ?) (B, holotypus, destroyed in World War 11, and not seen by us). FREY collected more material in the type locality in 1931, and it is preserved in CAN, FREY and UPS-MAGN. Facultative synonym: Stereocaulon ostrobottniae MAGN. ex AHLN. Acta Soc. Fauna FI. Fern. 62 (8): 7 (1940). Exsicc.: SCHADE, STOLLE et RIEHM. Lich. Sax. Exs. Decas XXXIII (1927) no. 330, pr. p., as Stereo-
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offenen See" (H-RAs, holotypus). I.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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