A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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260 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 PI. XI, fig. 2, as St. folii/orme. Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib.: U.S.S.R. (S. E. Siberia, Amur, Yakutia, Taimyr, Transbaikalia, Kamtchatka, Extreme Orient, Sachalin), Manchuria, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), U.S.A. (Alaska). Remarks: according to ASAHINA (1936, as St. wrightii) it is common in alpine and subalpine districts of central and northern Japan; distribution map in SAT^ (1965a). Sun and shade forms occur, differing in compactness of tufts and breadth of foliar expansions (ASAHINA, loc. cit.). Apothecia are rare; described by SAVICZ (1923, p. 175) and ASAHINA (1936, p. 806). Subsect. C. Botryoideum (G. T. JOHNS. em. LAMB) LAMB 62. Stereocaulon exutum NYL. Lichenes Japoniae : 18 (1 890); DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2) : 120 (1929) ; SAT^ in NAKAI et HONDA, Nova Flora Japonica, Cladoniales (I): 67 (1941); ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 36 (7): 225 (1961); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 170 (1974). Typus: Japan, Honshu, Shizuoka Pref., Fujiyama, Itchigome, altit. 1650 m s. m., "supra quisquilia vegetabilia", leg. E. ALMQUIST, 1879 (H-NYL, no. 39989, holotypus; s, isotypus). Facultative synonyms: Stereocaulon subramulosum MULL. ARC. Flora, 74: 108 (1891). - Stereocaulon subramulosum f. approximans HUE, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3,lO: 248 (sep. 36) (1898). - Stereocaulon exutum f. approximans (HUE) DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 121 (1929). - Stereocaulon subramulosum f. complanatum HUE, NOUV. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. ser. 3, 10: 248 (sep. 36) (1898). - Stereocaulon exutum f. complanatum (HUE) DODGE, Ann. Cryptog. Exot. 2 (2): 121 (1929). E~sicc.'~: KUROK. Lich. Rar. et Crit. Exs. Fasc. 111 (1971) no. 140 (FH, LD). Icon.: ASAH. 1961b, fig. 2. - DUVIGN. 1956, fig. 11 (section of phyllocladium). - SAT^ 1941, fig. 24. - YAS. 1925, PI. XIII, fig. 2, as St. subramulosum. - YOSHIM. 1974, fig. 76a; PI. 32, fig. 307. Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib.: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushiu, Hokkaido), Korea, U. S. S. R. (Extreme Orient), Australia (N. S. Wales). Remarks: the graceful, well branched phyllocladia of this species are usually quite teretecoralloid and look like disharmonic pseudopodetial branchlets, but DUVIGNEAUD (1956) has shown that their anatomical construction is distinctly dorsiventral. The formae approximans and complanatum HUE appear to be insignificant variations. The hypothecium of St. exutum is colorless or often stained yellow by some unidentified substance, never brown-pigmented. The cephalodia are distinctly verruculose-botryose, with Stigonema in all specimens examined. The single known Australian specimen (G-~LL, mentioned also by DODGE, 1929, p. 120) is from the Snowy Mountains (Muniong Range of N. S. Wales), leg. C. MOORE, prior to 1895, and is perfectly typical. The Russian specimen (MSK) is from the Pacific seaboard, Primorskii Krai, near Shkotovo, leg. V. VOROSCHILOV, 1952. ASAHINA (1961b) states St. exutum to be "very common in Hondo, Shikoku and Kiusiu." 63. Stereocaulon commixtum (ASAH.) ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 44: 263 (1969); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 173 (1974). - Stereocaulon aponicurq var. commixtum ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 35: 290 (1960). Typus: Japan, Honshu, prov. Owari, along Kisogawa River, on rock, leg. Y. ASAHINA, 1938 (no. 1200) (ASAH, holotypus). Icon.: ASAH. 1960, fig. 2A, as St. japonicum var. commixtum. - ASAH. 1969, figs. 3, 4. - YOSHIM. 47 ASAH. Lich. Japon. Exs. no. 43, as St. exutum, is the closely related species St. nigrum HUE.
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 261 1974, fig. 76g; PI. 32, fig. 316. Mat. chim.: atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid, miriquidic acid, and 7 unidentified substances, acc. to chromatography by C. CULBERSON on a fragment of the holotype. ASAHINA (1960, 1969) distinguished this taxon from St. japonicum TH. FR. on the basis of a morphological difference (longer phyllocladia) and the presence, in addition to stictic and norstictic acids, of an unidentified substance which he characterized crystallographically and stated to be the same as an unidentified substance found by him in St. curtatum NYL. This "materia propria" can now be identified as miriquidic acid, which occurs also in St. curtatum. Di-strib.: Japan. ASAHINA records this taxon from 9 localities in Honshu and Shikoku. Remarks: the autonomy of this species is questionable. Its morphology seems to fall within the normal range of variation for St. japonicum TH. FR. The miriquidic acid which occurs in addition to stictic and norstictic acids (the normal constituents for St. japonicum) may be an accessory substance without taxonomic significance. 64. Stereocaulon curtatoides ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 44: 267 (1969); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 172 (1974). Typus: Japan, Kiushiu, Yakushima, Hanano-ego, on granitic rock, leg. F. FUJIKAWA, 1933 (TNS, holotypus; FH, isotypus). Icon. : ASAH. 1969, fig. 7. - YOSHIM. 1974, fig. 76c; PI. 32, fig. 31 1. Mat. chim. : atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid, miriquidic acid. Disrrib. : Japan (Kiushiu). Remarks: similar in appearance to St. curtatum NYL., but with short, broad, 3-septate spores measuring 22-30 x 6.5-7.5 (-8.0) p and containing stictic and norstictic acids in addition to miriquidic acid. 65. Stereocaulon curtatum NYL. Lichenes Japoniae: 18 (1890); SAT^ in NAKAI et HONDA, Nova Flora Japonica, Cladoniales (I): 75 (1941); ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 36 (7): 228 (1961); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 172 (1974). Typus: Japan, Honshu, Shizuoka Pref., Fujiyama, Itchigome, "in limite arborum", on rocks, leg. E. ALMQUIST, 1879 (H-NYL, no. 40134, holotypus; s, isotypus). Exsicc.: ASAH. Lich. Japon. Exs Fasc. I1 (1955) no. 93 (UPS). Icon. : ASAH. 1961 b, figs. 4,5. - SAT^ 1941, fig. 26. - YOSHIM. 1974, figs. 74b, 76d; PI. 32, fig. 312. Mat. chim. : atranorin and miriquidic acid. Distrib.: Japan (Honshu). Not a common species. Remarks: miriquidic acid was not known at the time of ASAHINA'S description (1961b) and he characterized it crystallographically as an unidentified substance. HUE, 1890-92 (1892), p. 137, and some subsequent authors have confused this species with St. octomerum MULL. ARG., which has the same general habitus, but differs in the usually taller stature, narrower spores and chemical constitution. The spores of St. curtatum are broadly fusiform, 3M0 x 6-7 (-9) p, (5-) 7-septate, and are unique in the genus in having occasionally 1-4 longitudinal septa, thus suggesting a transition to the genus Argopsis TH. FR. The primary thallus is more or less persistent, an additional distinction from St. octomerum. Pycnoconidia bacilliform, straight or almost so, 4.M.5 x ca. 0.7 p. 66. Stereocaulon dendroides ASAH. J. Jap. Bot. 36 (7): 231 (1961); YOSHIM. Lichen Flora of Japan in Colour: 172 (1974).
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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