A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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204 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 onen des Inn nahe beim Bahnhof", leg. E. FREY, 1931 (no. 1636) (FREY, CAN. Lectotypus, lectotypit. mv.). Exsicc.: ARN. Lich. EXS. (Lich. Jurae) no. 1604 (1894), as St. alpinum (BM, FH, PC. But FREY, 1932, p. 155, states this number to be St. grande (MAGN.) MAGN. in M and W, and St. tomentosum FR. in z). - Krypt. Exs. Vidob. Cent. I1 (1896) no. 152, as St. alpinum (the specimen from Tirol) (FH, GB, LE, PC, PR, US, WELC); Cent. XL (1957) no. 3918, pr. p., as St. paschale var. paschale & var. erectum (FH, L, Lich. Sel. Scad. Exs. LD. All of these contain an intermixture of St. paschale (L.) HOFFM.). - MAGN. Fasc. IX (1935) no. 210 (PR). - MASS. Lich. Ztal EXS. Fasc. I (1855) no. 11, as St. alpinum (FH-TUCK, LE. But FREY, 1932, p. 160, states that an example seen by him is a mixture of St. tomentosum FR. and St. incrustatum FLK.).- MERR. Lich. Exs. Ser. 11, Fasc. IV (1926) no. 86, as St. tomentosum (c, co~o, DUKE, US, WIS). - VEZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. XL (1971) no. 989 (FH). Zcon.: FREY 1932, PI. I, fig. 8; PI. 111, fig. 6; PI. 111, fig. 4 pr. p., as St. grade; Fig. 24 a, b, as St. grande. Remarks: As widely distributed as the typical species. Difficult to distinguish from St. grande (MAGN.) MAGN. Var. gracilentum (TH. FR.) MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.-Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 54 (1926); FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.- F1.9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 162 (1932). - Stereocaulon paschale [var.] P. gracilentum TH. FR. De Stereoc. et Pilophor. Comment.: 33 (1857). - Stereocaulon paschale [f.] P. gracilentum (TH. FR.) TH. FR. Lichenographia Scandinavica, Pars prima: 47 (1871). - Stereocaulon alpinum f. gracilentum (TH. FR.) LAMB ex POELT, Bestimmungsschliisse1 Europaischer Flechten: 646 (1969). Typus: Sweden, Gotland, Fare, "in collibus arenae volatilis", leg. C. STENHAMMAR (date ?) '(ups- TH FR, holotypus; UPS-MAGN, isotypus). Exsicc.: RAs. Lich. Fenn. Exs. Fasc. XVIII (1946) no. 879, as St. paschale (UPS). STENHAM. Lich. Suec. Exs. Fasc. 111 (1860) no. 81, as St. paschale b. gracilentum (FH-TUCK LD. In the latter there is some intermixture of St. paschale (L.) HOFFM., as is stated by FREY, 1932, p. 162). - FREY, 1932, p. 162, states ROUM. Lich. Gall. Exs. Cent. I1 (1880) no. 162, as St. incrustatum, to be St. alpinum var. gracilentum in M-ARN; in UPS, however, we found this number to be St. incrustatum FLK. as stated on the label. Remarks: characteristic of movable dunes or alluvial sands, in either maritime or inland localities. In addition to material from the type locality, we have seen var. gracilentum from Sweden, Vasterbotten, "f oppna flackar i rished pi sand nara havet"; Finland, Nylandia, Tvarminne, "in arena volubilis" (Lich. Fenn. Exs. no. 879); Canada, Saskatchewan, Lake Athabasca, on sand dunes; and U.S.A., Alaska, "recent flood plain of the Matanuska River, on friable dusty alluvial soil". 3. Stereocaulon antarcticum VAIN. Lichens, in: Rks. Voy. Belgica, Botanique: 16 (1903). Typus: Antarctic Peninsula, Gerlache Strait, Brabant Island, altit. 300 m s. m., leg. ? (Exp6d. Antarct. Belge, 1897 - 99), no, 247 (no. 3932 in TUR-VAIN). (EXS~CC.~) Zcon. : VAIN. 1903, PI. 11, fig. 7. Mat. chim. : atranorin and stictic acid, sometimes with norstictic acid in addition. Distrib.: Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent islands; Tierra del Fuego. No. 55 of the exsiccat FOLLM. Lich. Exs. Sel. Mus. Bot. Berol. (later titled Lich. Exs. Sel. Mus. Hist. Nat. Casselensi), called Stereocaulon antarcticum, consists of Catillaria corymbosa (HUE) LAMB. A corrected label was issued with Fasc. VIII (1975).
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 205 Remarks: closely related to St. glabrum (MULL. ARG.) VAIN. Widely misinterpreted in the literature. HUE'S records and descriptions (1908, 1915) refer to St. alpinum LAUR., according to his material seen by us in PC-HUE. The specimen recorded by HUNECK and FOLLMANN (1966), in which atranorin, lobaric acid, and /3-sitosterin were found, is likewise St. alpinum. RASANEN'S record (1932) of "Stereocaulon antarcticum" from Fuegia is also based on a misidentification; the specimen in question, from Cerro Millaldeo, leg. ROIVAINEN, 1929 (H-RAS) is scanty and depauperate, not determinable with certainty, but obviously not the present species. The reported occurrence of St. antarcticum in Tristan da Cunha, determined by MAGNUSSON (LYNGE, 1937) could not be verified, as no specimen could be found either in UPS-MAGN or in o. We collected St. antarcticum in Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, near Ushuaia, in 1965, the first extra-Antarctic find. 4. Stereocaulon austroindicum LAMB (n. sp.) Diagn.: Thallus primarius (ad saxum decompositum) persistens, granulosus; pseudopodetia erecta, vulgo sat brevia, usque 2 cm longa, aggregata, substrato arcte affixa, simplicia aut ramosa, ecorticata et etomentosa, phyllocladiis confertim vestita, apicibus vulgo alboefflorescentia, sed haud vere sorediata. Phyllocladia primum granulosa, deinque coralloidea vel coralloideo-squamulosa, ca. 1 mm longa. Cephalodia verruculosa vel botryosa, ca. 1 mm lata, pallida, fere ecorticata. Apothecia terminalia, fere ab initio pileato-convexa, usque 2 rnrn lata, saepe tandem composita. Hypothecium vulgo leviter pigmentiferum. Hymenium 50-75 ,u altum. Sporae fusiformes, 3(-7)-septatae, (23-)3M2 p longae, 2.5- 3.5 ,u latae. Atranorinum et acidum lobaricum continet (K+flavescens, PD+pallide flavescens). - Antea cum St. condensato HOFFM. confusum fuit, a quo praesertim cephalodiis pallidis differt; habitu St. octomerellum M~~LL. ARG. vage simulans, sed magis robustum et phyllocladiis saepe subsquamulosis differens. Typus: India, Madras State, Madurai Distr., Shembaganur, Palni Hills, altit. ca. 1950 m s. m., on decomposed earthy rock by roadside, leg. G. FOREAU, 1958 (FH, holotypus; AWAS, isotypus). Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid, or in some cases apparently atranorin only. Distrib.: southern India (Madras, Travancore) and Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Remarks: material of this species from Sri Lanka collected by ALMQUIST in 1879 was named "Stereocaulon condyloideum" and "Stereocaulon condensatum" by NYLANDER (1900), and was referred to St. leprocephalum VAIN. by VAINIO in his description of the latter species (1909). St. austroindicum can be easily distinguished from St. condensatum by its larger size and pale cephalodia, and from St. leprocephalum by the absence of true capitate soredia. The occasional accidental presence of blackish tufts of free-living Stigonema on the primary thallus probably led to the misidentification as St. condensatum. The cephalodial algae in the type material were examined by Dr. FRANCIS DROUET and identified as Anacystis montana (LIGHTF.) DR. et DAILY, Anacystis being according to him the correct name for Gloeocapsa KijTz. (see DROUET and DAILY, 1956). Other specimens examined had Stigonema in the cephalodia. Some specimens from Sri Lanka tend to be more slender, with the phyllocladia partly more distinctly coralloid, as in a specimen collected by THWAITES (BM, PC, UPS), but others, e.g. material collected by BECCARI (M), are quite typical in habitus and morphology. 5. Stereocaulon azoreum (SCHAER.) NYL. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, 21: 287 (1856). - Stereocaulon tomentosum [var.] 6. azoreum SCHAER. Enumeratio Critica Lichenum Europaeorum: 182 (1850).
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offenen See" (H-RAs, holotypus). I.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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