A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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298 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 cetraric acid. The following deficient phases have been found: Deficient phase I, with atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid, glomelliferic acid. Seen from Brazil, Peru, Costa Rica and Mexico. Deficient phase 11, with atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid. The type specimen of St. mixtum var. tenellum MULL. ARG. belongs here. Deficient phase 111, with atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid. Seen from Brazil, Peru, Oceania (Tahiti) and U.S.A. (Tennessee). Deficient phase IV, with atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid. The type specimen of St. microcarpurn belongs here. One specimen seen also from Galipagos Islands. Deficient phase V, with atranorin, stictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid. One specimen seen, from Peru. Deficient phase VI, with atranorin and stictic acid. One specimen seen, from Peru. Stictic acid being the dominant primary constituent, specimens of St. microcarpurn normally react PDtorange-red. One specimen from Brazil was found to give the reaction K + yellow then red, PD +persistent strong yellow. Chromatography however showed it to belong to Deficient phase IV, with an unusually high concentration of norstictic acid. Distrib.: Brazil, Peru, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Oceania (Tahiti), GalApagos Islands, U.S. A. (Tennessee). Remarks: St. microcarpum varies considerably in stature, with pseudopodetia often only 1-2, but sometimes up to 6 cm in length. Tall states are morphologically hardly to be distinguished from St. ramulosurn (Sw.) RAUSCH. In many specimens the apices of the pseudopodetia are whitened, mealy and decorticated, giving a pseudosorediose appearance, probably not due to damage by animal agencies, and not to be confused with the true apical soredia in the related species St. atlanticum (LAMB) LAMB and St. rugulosum LAMB. The cephalodia are of the normal ramulosum-type, loose-cored with gelatinized-palisadic cortex. Pycnoconidia filiform, curved, 8-1 1 x ca. 0.5 p. St. proximum status ferruginascens MULL. ARG. was based on a rusty-colored specimen growing on iron-bearing rocks. St. microcarpum is the only species of subgen. Hofostelidium known to occur in the continental United States. It is found at the top of Roan Mountain in Tennessee. 109. Stereocaulon novogranatense LAMB (n. sp.) Diagn.: Pseudopodetia disco basali substrato affixa, erecta sed nonnihil dorsiventralia (phyllocladiis uno latere crebrioribus), ca. 6 cm alta, modice ramosa, rigida sed vix lignosa, sordide cinereo-albida, decorticata, superficie laevi aut submollescenti, haud tomentosa. Rami principales tereti, I .0-1.7 (-2.5) mm crassi. Phyllocladia cylindrico-coralloidea, divaricata, corticata, laevigata, subulata, primo simplicia, mox congeste ramosa, glaucoalbida, ca. 0.7-1.3 mm vel basin versus ad 3.5 mm longa et magis ramosa, 0.1-0.2 mm crassa. Cephalodia pseudopodetiis lateraliter insidentia, pulvinata, 1-2 rnrn lata, valde contortuplicatoscrobiculata et corrugata, rugis complanatis et cristatis (fere ut in St. pseudomassartiano LAMB), isabellino-glaucescentia, marginibus sinuatis et pallidioribus; sacculata, intus laxe contexts, cortice hyalino et gelatinoso, palisadico. Apothecia terminalia, latit. 1.5-2.0 (-3.0) rnrn, haud hypophysata, primo subplana et margine pallidiori haud prominenti cincta, dein bene convexa et irnmarginata, disco obscure fusco. Conus centralis cum hypothecio dense fuscidulo-nubilatus (KHO decoloratus). Hymenium 100-120 p altum. Sporae 6 8nae, in asco leviter spiraliter contortae, nonnihil sinuosae, 7-1 1 (-16)-septatae, longit. 70-95 p,
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 299 crassit. 3.54.0 p. Atranorinum, acidum fumarprotocetraricum, acidum protocetraricum, acidum perlatolicum et acidum anziaicum continet (K+flavofuscescens, PD+aurantiaco- vel miniato-rubescens). - Species peculiaris, affinitate nonnihil dubia, fere ad subsect. Holostelidium accedens. Typus: Colombia, Volcan Purac6 between Popayan and La Plata, altit. 3300 m s. m., in paramo formation, apparently on rock, leg. G. GUZMAN, 1964 (no. 5543 pr. max. p.) (FH, holotypus; MEXPOL, isotypus). Mat. chim. : atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid, protocetraric acid (trace), perlatolic acid, anziaic acid, and traces of unidentified substances (possibly including glomelliferic acid). Distrib. : Colombia. Remarks: the cephalodia are distinctive, outwardly somewhat resembling those of St. pseudomassartianum LAMB, but sacculate (loose-cored). The chemistry is similar to that of St. pachycephalum VAIN., which differs in the form of the cephalodia, lower hymenium and less septate spores. Seems to occupy a position transitional to the subsect. Holostelidium. Known only from the type material. 1 10. Stereocaulon pachycephalum VAIN. Dansk Bot. Ark. 4 (11): 7 (1926). Typus: Mexico, Oaxaca State, Sierra de Oajaca (Oaxaca), El Pelado, altit. 9-10000 feet, on rock, leg. LIEBMANN, 1842 (no. 71b, Plant. Mex. no. 7654) (TUR-VAIN, no. 3868, holotypus; c, UPS-TH FR, isotypes). Mat. chim.: the full chemical spectrum (not yet found) appears to comprise atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid, lecanoric acid, perlatolic acid, sublimbatic acid and bourgeanic acid. Material of the following deficient phases has been found: Deficient phase I, with atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid, lecanoric acid, sublimbatic acid (trace), and bourgeanic acid. One specimen from Peru. Deficient phase 11, with atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid, perlatolic acid, and probably a trace of sublimbatic acid. The type material belongs to this phase, also one specimen from Peru. Distrib. : Mexico, Peru. Remarks: related to St. microcarpum MULL. ARG. Habitually similar to St. ramulosum (Sw.) RAUSCH., but mng in its chemistry, almost complete cortication of the pseudopodetia, predomiaantly harmonic phyllocladia, slightly higher hymenium (1W110 p) and longer spores (not described by VAINIO) which are 4-6-septate, 55-85 x3.54.0 (-4.5) p. Cephalodia (with Scytonema) sacculate, anatomically like those of St. ramulosum. The presence of lecanoric acid is unique in the genus. Rare; known only from 4 collections. 1 1 1 . Stereocaulon philippinense Rjis. Arch. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fenn. "Vanamo", 3: 79 (1949). Typus: Philippines, Negros, Canlaon Volcano, "ad terram argillaceam et arenosam", leg. E. D. MERRILL, 1910 (no. 6874) (H-RAS, holotypus). Mat. chim. : atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : Philippine Islands. Remarks: this species, known only from the type specimen, remains poorly understood even after restudy of the holotype. RASANEN compared it to Cladonia cariosa (AcH.) SPRENG., but habitually it more calls to mind a very robust state of Stereocaulon condensatum H<strong>OF</strong>FM. The primary thallus is well developed and persistent, consisting of crowded, upright, closely
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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