A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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300 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 branched stipes (undeveloped pseudopodetia) densely covered at their apices with a more or less continuous crust of dactylaeform-coralloid phyllocladia of minute size (ca. 0.5 mm long, not over 0.1 mm diam.). Pseudopodetia simple or very sparingly branched, 1.5-2.0 cm high, 0.61.0 mm thick, erect, rigid, decorticate, glabrous, pallid ochraceous. Phyllocladia densely clothing pseudopodetia from base to apex, cinerascent-whitish, terete-coralloid, simple or rarely furcate, minute, similar to those on the primary thallus. Cephalodia mostly on primary thallus, a few also lateral on pseudopodetia; inconspicuous, concolorous with the phyllocladia or with a slight aeruginose tinge, irregularly subglobose to pulvinate-verrucose, 0.3-1.0 mm diam., the larger ones becoming divided into more or less discrete verruculae; often with a few dark spots on the surface due to the Cyanophyceous algae (Stigonema) showing through; sacculate, loose internally, with cortex 25-60 p thick, colorless and hyaline, highly gelatinized, with fistulose, branched and anastomosing lumina intricated in various directions (not palisadic). Apothecia terminal, convex-pileate, large, up to 4.5mm diam., dark brown to blackish-brown, immarginate. Central cone colorless, compact. Hypotheciurn faintly sordid yellowish in section (not truly pigmented), 45-70 p deep. Hymenium 65-78 p high, with asci 50-60 p long. Spores seen 4-6 in ascus, cylindric-fusiform, straight, 3-septate, 30-40 x 3.54.0 p. The cephalodia resemble those of St. corticatulum NYL., to which the species may be related, but it requires further investigation. 1 1 2. Stereocaulon pseudomassartianum LAMB ex FREY, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 86: 246 (1967); J. Jap. Bot. 51 (12): 357 (1976). Typus: Philippines, Luzon, Mountain Province, between Banaue and Mt. Polis, altit. 1060-1212 m s. m., on soil, leg. A. W. HERRE, 1923 (FH, holotypus; UPS-MAGN, isotypus). Exsicc.: Lich. Exs. Univ. Colorado Mus. Fasc. VIII (1971) nos. 300, 301, 303 (COLO, FH). Icon.: FREY 1967, fig. 3: PI. 17, fig. 3. - LAMB 1976, fig. 4 (cephalodia). Mat. chim. : atranorin, perlatolic acid, sometimes also trace amounts of anziaic acid. Wrongly stated to contain lobaric acid by LAMB ex FREY (1967). Distrib. : Philippines, Celebes and New Guinea. Erroneous records: Java and Borneo (LAMB ex FREY, 1967), =St. halei LAMB. Remarks: habitually resembles St. massartianum HUE on account of the apothecia borne on lateral stalks, but immediately distinguishable by the peculiar plate-like or cristate cephalodia, which are solid-cored and have a dimorphic cortical layer (LAMB, 1976). 1 13. Stereocaulon rubiginosum PERS. ex GAUDICHAUD in DE FREYCINET, Voyage autour du Monde . . . executB sur les Corvettes de S. M. 1'Uranie et la Physicienne, pendant les annBes 1817, 1818,181 9 et 1820, Botanique: 212 (1826); MAGN. in MAGN. et ZAHLBR. Ark. Bot. 31A (6): 48 (1944). - Stereocaulon sanguineum DEL. ex GAUDICHAUD, loc. cit. (illegitimate obligate synonym). Typus: U.S.A., Hawaii ("Iles Sandwich"), exact locality not stated, on soil, leg. C. GAUDICHAUD (date ?) (no. 72) (L, holotypus, not seen by us; isotypes studied in PC and H-NYL, also a probable isotype in UPS-TH FR). Facultative synonyms: Stereocaulon ramulosum [subsp.]* roccelloides TH. FR. De Stereoc. et Pilophor. Comment.: 13 (1857); Monogr. Stereoc. et Pilophor.: 330 (sep. 26) (1858); MAGN. in MAGN. et ZAHLBR. Ark. Bot. 31A (6): 43 (1944). - Stereocaulon roccelloides (TH. FR.) LAMB, J. Jap. Bot. 51 (12): 354, footnote (1976)r4 (Strain 11). -- r4 ZAHLBRUCKNER (192627) and DODGE (1929) cite the taxon as Stereocaulon roccelloides, but this was a lapsus, not an intentional new combination.
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 301 Exsicc. : VEZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. XVII (1965) no. 415, as St. flavireagens (LD) (typical strain); Fasc. XIX (1966) no. 466 (FH, KLEM, LD) (Strain 11). Mat. chim. : 2 chemical strains are here recognized, which may merit the status of separate species : Strain I (the typical or rubiginosum strain), with atranorin, norstictic acid, connorstictic acid (trace) and perlatolic acid (trace). No stictic acid present. Strain I1 (the roccelloides strain), with presumed full chemical spectrum (found in 1 specimen) consisting of atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid and bourgeanic acid. The following deficient phases have been found: Deficient phase I, with atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid, bourgeanic acid. Deficient phase 11, with atranorin, stictic acid, perlatolic acid, anziaic acid, bourgeanic acid (V~ZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. no. 466). Deficient phase 111, with atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid, bourgeanic acid. Deficient phase IV, with atranorin, stictic acid, norstictic acid. Distrib. : both strains are sympatric (endemic to the Hawaiian Islands). Remarks: St. rubiginosum, together with St. caespitosum RED. and St. didymicum LAMB, is characterized by the peculiar structure of the cephalodial cortex, which anatomically resembles that of the pseudopodetial cortex, consisting of more or less distinct and separate thick-walled hyphae in irregularly interwoven arrangement, sordid isabelline and cloudy in section (not colorless, hyaline and conglutinated-palisadic as in St. ramulosum (Sw.) RAUSCH.); see LAMB, 1976, p. 354. The structure is the same in both the chemical strains. The cepha: lodia are sacculate, cerebriform-convoluted, sometimes flattened and tongue-like in the juvenile condition, with Scytonema or Stigonema. The species is of low, compact, rigid, divaricately branched habitus, very firmly attached to rock or soil, and the pseudopodetia are for the most part corticate. The spores seem to be constantly 3-septate, (22-) 2545 p long. The pycnoconidia are filiform, curved, 9-12xca. 0.5 p. The crimson-reddish color of PERSOON'S type material is obviously due to the secondary decomposition of norstictic acid. 1 14. Stereocaulon rugulosum LAMB (n. sp.) Diagn.: Pseudopodetia caespitosa, irregulariter ramosa, substrato disco basali arcte affixa, longit. 24 (-7) cm, teretia, sat robusta (diametro 1-2 mm), rigida, habitu macro- carpoideo (phyllocladiis in partibus superioribus haud vel vix evolutis), pro max. parte strato corticali (pallio thallino) fere continuo, scrobiculato-ruguloso vestita, apicibus sorediata, soraliis terminalibus, capitatis, 0.8-1.5 mm latis, albidis, granuloso-pulverulentis. Phyllo- cladia cylindrico-coralloidea, simplicia ramosave, vulgo 1.0-1.5 mm longa, 0.2-0.4mm crassa, cremeo-albida, basin pseudopodetiorum versus longiora (ad 8 mm) et ibi bene ramosa; superne vix ulla. Cephalodia lateraliter sessilia aut breviter pedicellata, subgloboso-pulvinata, 1-3 (4) mm lata, glaucescentia aut subaeruginoso-cinerea, tandem confertirn contortuplicata vel scrobiculato-rugosa, sacculata, intus laxe contexta, cortice 25-70 ,u crasso, fuscopallescenti, haud vel parum nubilato, manifeste pseudo- aut prosoparenchymatico, cellulis aut rotundatis et ca. 6 p latis aut palisadico-elongatis, ca. 10 x 3 p. pot he cia terminalia, primo scutelli- formia, mox pileato-convexa et irnmarginata, 1.5-2.5 (-3.5)mm lata, fusconigrescentia. Conus centralis sublaxe contextus, dense isabellino-inspersus et opacus. Hypothecium tota crassitudine (60-170 p) fuscidulo-nubilatum (KHO decoloratum). Hymenium 75-1QO (-120) p alturn. Sporae 8nae vel pauciores, rectae, elongato-fusiformes, (3-) 5-7-septatae,
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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