A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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202 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 2. Stereocaulon alpinum LAUR. ex FUNCK, Cryptogamische Gewachse des Fichtelgebirg's. Ed. I1 (1806 - 1838), Heft 33: 6 (1827); MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.-Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 52 (1926); FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.-F1. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 158 (1932); DAHL et KROG, Macrolichens of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden: 141 (1973). - Stereocaulon tomentosum [var.] y. alpinum (LAuR.) TH.FR. De Stereoc. et Pilophor. Comment.: 30 (1857). -Stereocaulon tomentosum subsp.* alpinum (LAuR.) TH. FR. Monogr. Stereoc. et Pilophor.: 357 (1858). - Stereocaulon paschale [f.] y. alpinum (LAuR.) MUDD, A Manual of British Lichens: 66 (1861). - Stereocaulonpaschale var. alpinum (LAuR.) DU RIETZ, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 20: 96 (1926). Typus: Austria, Alps of Tirol and Karnten, "besonders schon am Pasterzen Gletscher," but no holotype designated; collector and date of collection not known, but the material sent to FUNCK by LAURER, and distributed in the exsiccat Cryptog. Gewachs. d. Fichtelgeb. no. 684, accompanied by diagnosis in the schedae, may be regarded as isotype. Facultative synonyms: Stereocaulon tomentosum [var.] y. thyrsoideum SCHAER. Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium, Pars prima, sect. VI: 276 (1833). - Stereocaulon paschale [f.] b. thyrsoideum (SCHAER.) RABENH. Deutschlands Kryptogamen-Flora, 2, Abt. 1 : 112 (1845). - Stereocaulon tomentosum [subsp.]* alpinum [f.] a. verrucosum TH. FR. Monogr. Stereoc. et Pilophor.: 357 (1858). - Sterocaulon alpinum f. adpressurn MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk. - o. Vitterh.-Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 55 (1926). - Stereocaulon botryosum var. subincrustatum FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.-F1. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 127 (1932). Exsicc.: ANZI, Lich. Exs. Ztal. Super. Fasc. I (1865) no. 26 (FH-TUCK); no. 27, as St. alpinum var. botryosum (BM, FH-TUCK). - ANZI, Lich. Prov. Sondr. et Novo-Comensi Exs. Fasc. I (date ?) no. 7, as St. tomentosum (UPS); no. 9A (ups); no. 9B, as St. alpinum f. botryosum (ups). - ARN. Lich. EXS. (Lich. Jurae) no. 65la (date ?) (PC, UPS. Note that FREY, 1932, p. 155, states that in M and W this number is St. grande (MAGN.) MAGN.); no. 1363a (1888) (PC. In FH and MICH it is St. rivulorum MAGN.). - BILLOT, Flora Exs., continue' par B~voux, GUICHARD et PAILLOT, no. 3797 (date ?), as St. tomentosum (us. The example in PC, however, is a mixture of St. alpinum and St. dactylophyllum FLK.). - BREUT. Flora German. Exs., Ser. 11, Cent. I1 (1843) no. 107, pr. p., as St. paschale var. thyrsoideum (s. Examples of this number in FH, PC and ups are however St. paschale (L.) HOFFM.). - DESM. Plantes Cryptogames de France, ed. 2, Ser. 11, Fasc. X (1857) no. 495, as St. tomentosum b. majus (FH). - ELENK. Lich. Flor. Ross. Fasc. I1 (1907 ?) no. 73a (BM, FH, LE). - Erb. Crittog. Ztal., ed. DE NOTARIS, CESATI, BAGLI- ETTO etc. Fasc. XV (1862) no. 736 (FH). - Erb. Crittog. Ztal., publ. Soc. Crittogamolog. Itat., Ser. IT, Fasc. VII (1870) no. 320, pr. p., as St. alpinum, alpestre (FH. Intermixed with St. incrustaturn FLK.); no. 320 bis, as St. alpinum, botryosum (FH, LD). - FOLLM. Lich. Exs. Sel. Mus. Hist. Nut. Casselensi Fasc. VII (1975) no. 134 (KASSEL). - FUNCK, Cryptog. Gewachs. des Fichtelgebirg's, Ed. 11, Heft 33 (1827) no. 684 (isotype material) (FH, LE). -HARM. Lich. Gall. Rar. Exs. Fasc. I (1908) no. 25 (FH. With some intermixture of St. saxatile MAGN.). - HEPP, Flechten Europas, Band VI (1857) no. 303 (FH-TUCK, PC). - Krypt. Exs. Vindob. Cent. I1 (1896) no. 152b (from Norway) (BM, COLO, FH, PR); same number (from Switzerland) (co~o, FH); Cent. XLIII (1961) no. 4237 (FH, LD, LE); Cent. XLVI (date ?) no. 4566 (FH). - Lich. Groenlandici Exs. (ed. Mus. Bot. Hauniense) Fasc. I (1972) no. 8 (LD). - MALME, Lich. Suec. Exs. Fasc. XXVII (date ?) no. 652 (ws. Seems to be a transitional state to the var. erectum FREY). - RABENH. Lich. Europ. Exs. Fasc. XXXII (1870) no. 859 (FH-TUCK, GB, MICH, WIS). - ROUM. Lich. Gall. Exs. Cent. I1 (1880) no. 164, as St. vesuvianum (UPS). - SCHAER. Lich. Helvet. Exs. Fasc. XI (1836) no 262, pr. p., as St. tomentosum B. majus (PC. The example in FH-TUCK is transitional to thevar. erectum FREY. FREY, 1932, p. 186, states that material of this number seen by him is a mixture of St. alpinum, St. tomentosum FR., and St. tomentosum var. alpestre FLOT. This number appears to be type material of Stereocaulon tomentosum B. majus SCHAER. Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium, Pars prima, Sect. VI: 276 (1833) and St. tomentosum a. granulosum SCHAER. Enumeratio Critica Lichenum Europaeorum: 181 (1850). In view of the heterogeneous nature of this material, both these epithets of SCHAERER should be discarded as nomina confusa); no. 263 (FH-TUCK, PC);
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 203 no. 264, as St. alpinum B. botryosum (FH-TUCK, PC). - THOMS. Lich. Arct. no. 37 (1960) (WIS). - TREV. Lichenotheca Veneta, Ser. I, Fasc. IV (1869) no. 144 (ups), - V~ZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. XXXIX (1971) no. 964 (FH, LD). - WARTMANN et SCHENK, Schweizer. Kryptog. Cent. I, Fasc. I1 (1862) no. 51 (FH). Icon. : ANDERS, 1928, PI. XVIII, fig. 10. - FREY, 1932, fig. 25; PI. 111, fig. 5. - MIG. 1927 - 31, Lief. 268 - 277 (1928), PI. 74, fig. 1. - CERN., NADV. et SERV. 1956, PI. VI, fig. 5. - SCHENCK, 1914, PI. 29 a, b (field photograph). - POELT, 1969, PI. 3, fig. 13. - OZENDA et CLAUZADE, 1970, fig. 394 A, B, C. - DAHL et KRoG, 1973, fig. 49. - HENSS. et JAHNS, 1974, fig. 13.14~. Mat. chim.: atranorin, lobaric acid, B-sitosterin. Occasionally lobaric acid apparently absent or in too low a concentration to be demonstrated by present chromatographic techniques. H. KRISTINSSON (in litt.) reports an Icelandic specimen allegedly containing atranorin, lobaric acid and stictic acid7. A polyol compound, "Stereocaulit", described by ZOPF (1907); this shown to be identical with D-arabitol ("arabit") by HUNECK, FOLLMANN and REDON (1973). Distrib.: More extensive than that of St. paschale, and penetrating further polewards than that species. Sweden, Norway, Finland, France, W. and E. Germany, Switzerland, Austria, northern Italy, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, U. S. S. R. (Siberia, Murmansk region, Ural Mts., Caucasus, Transbaikalia, Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Archipelago, Extreme Orient, Kamtchatka), Mongolian People's Republic, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Greenland, Jan Mayen, Canada (N. W. Territ., Yukon Territ., British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, Labrador), Miquelon Island, U. S. A. (New Hampshire, Vermont, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Alaska), Korea, northern India, Pakistan, Peru, Chile (Cautin, Aiskn, Magallanes), Argentina (Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego), South Georgia, Antarctic Peninsula. Unconfirmed literature records also from Belgium (DE WILDEMAN and DURAND 1898 - 1907 (1898)), Rumania (MORUZI, PETRIA and MANTU 1967), China (ZAHLBRUCKNER 1934), Hawaii (MULLER ARG. 1889), and Central Africa (ZAHLBRUCKNER and HAUMAN 1936, erroneous, referring to St. nigromaculatum DUVIGN.). Remarks: DAHL 1956, p. 359, gives an instructive analysis of the morphological, physiological and ecological differences between St. alpinum and St. paschale (L.) HOFFM. KLEMENT (1959) distinguishes in northern Lapland an association named the Stereocauletum alpinum, dominated by St. alpinum and including also St. paschale (L.) HOFFM. and St. tomentosum FR. Fo. platycladum FREY ex POELT, Bestimmungsschliis~e1 Europaischer Flechten: 647 (1969). Typus: France, Dauphine, La Bkrarde, Vallon du Veneon, "graviers silicieux, alluvions", leg. E. FREY and A. SCHMIDT, 1932 (no. 2513) (FREY, holotypus; FH, isotypus). Remarks: material referable to this form has been seen also from Finland, Switzerland, U.S.A. (Colorado), Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan) and Greenland. Var. erectum FREY Rabenhorsts Krypt.-F1.9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 164 (1932); Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 69: 196 (1959); MAGN. Bot. Not.: 469 (1934). - Stereocaulon paschale var. erectum (FREY) LAMB ex LLANO, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 41: 197 (1951). Typus: Switzerland, Canton Graubiinden, Sarnaden, altit. 1725 m s. m., "Kies- und Sandalluvi- Dr. KRISTINSSON later (in litt. 1976) informed us that this result is not quite certain, since it is possible that the material extracted may have been contaminated by St. tomentosum FR.
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offenen See" (H-RAs, holotypus). I.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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