A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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230 Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. No. 43 1977 Distrib.: the typical species has an E. Asiatic distribution, occurring in Formosa, Japan, China, Java and the Himalayan region (N. India, Nepal, Tibet). The var. tomentosoides has its main center of distribution in western N. America, but also penetrates rarely into the E. Asiatic region. The var. simplex is of rare occurrence in both these main areas. Remarks: St. sasakii is morphologically analogous to St. tomentosum FR., but differs chemically in containing lobaric acid instead of stictic acid. This chemical difference is correlated with a different distributional pattern. The typical species has considerable resemblance to St. myriocarpum TH. FR.; the var. tomentosoides is morphologically more or less equivalent to St. tomentosum FR. ZAHLBRUCKNER mistakenly interpreted the apothecia as lecanorine. "St. myriocarpum (lobaric acid strain)" in YOSHIM. (1974, p. 177) refers to this species. Var. tomentosoides LAMB (n. var.) Diagn.: Habitu Stereocaulo tomentoso FR. persimile, facie sat dorsiventrali, phyllocladiis congestis et tandem inciso- vel digitato-squarnulosis; cephalodia evolutiora subglobosa, aeruginoso-glaucescentia aut interdum fuscescentia, forma ut in St. myriocarpo TH. FR. Apothecia parva, lateralia aut sublateralia; structura interna, sporis etc. ut in forma typica et St. tomentoso. TYPUS: U.S.A., Washington Mason Co., Webb Hill Road near Cranberry Lake, on the ground, leg. C. WESTMAN, 1954 (no. 7793) (FH, holotypus). Exsicc.: Krypt. Exs. Vindob. Cent. XLI (1957) no. 4020, as St. tomentosum (FH, L, s); Cent. XLIV (1962) no. 4338, as St. myriocarpum var. orizabae (FH, w). - Lich. Canad. Exs. no. 65 (1970), as St. myriocarpum (CAN, FH). - MAC. Canad. Lich. Ser. I (1893-94) no. 45, pr. p., as St. paschale (WIS. The material is however heterogeneous, 2 widely separated localities being given on the label; in LD, us and WELC it is St. saxatile MAGN.). Distrib.: Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territ.), U. S. A. (Washington, Oregon, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Minnesota, Michigan, Alaska), U. S. S. R. (Arakamtchetchene Island in Bering Strait), Japan, N. India, Nepal. Remarks: may eventually prove to be specifically distinct from St. sasakii; the different main distributional areal would lend support to this view. Var. simplex (RIDD.) LAMB (n. comb.) Basionym: Stereocaulon tomentosum var. simplex RIDD. Bot. Gaz. 50: 298 (1910). Typus: U. S. A., Washington, Mt. Rainier region, "on sandy river bottom", leg. T. C. FRYE, 1904 (FH-RIDD, holotypus; MICH, WELC, isotypes). Icon. : RIDD. 1910, fig. 4, as St. tomentosum var. simplex. Distrib. : U. S. A. (Washington, Alaska), Formosa. RIDDLE mentions also specimens from Oregon and British Columbia, which we have not seen. Remarks: distinguished by the simple to sparingly branched pseudopodetia and the scanty and scattered phyllocladia in a thick spongy tomentum. Atranorin and lobaric acid demonstrated in the type specimen by chromatography. 29. Stereocaulon saxatile MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.-Sarnh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 41 (1926); FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.- F1. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 136 (1932); DUNCAN, Introduction to British Lichens: 80 (1970). - Stereocaulon evolutoides var. saxatile (MAGN.) LAMB, Canad. J. Bot. 29: 581 (1951) (nom. illegit.). Typus: several localities in Sweden (Medelpad) cited, all collected by E. ERIKSSON. In UPS-MAGN one of these is marked as "Typus" by MAGNUSSON, and should therefore be designated as the lectotype.
I. MACKENZIE LAMB: A Conspectus of Stereocaulon 23 1 It is from Medelpad, Alna socken, Gubben, "p& vittrad sten", leg. E. ERIKSSON, 1926 (UPS-MAGN, lectotypus, lectotypif. nov.). Facultative synonyms: Stereocaulon paschale var. evolutoides MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.-Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 50 (1926). - Stereocaulon evolutoides (MAGN.) FREY, Rabenhorsts Krypt.-F1. 9, Abt. IV, 1. Halfte: 145 (1932). - Stereocaulon paschale subsp. evolutoides (MAGN.) LAMB, Ann. Rept. Nat. Mus. Canada, 1952-53, Bull. no. 132: 274 (1954). Stereocaulon paschale subsp. evolutoides f. Iaxatum LAMB, Ann. Rept. Nat. Mus. Canada, 1952-53, Bull. no. 132: 275 (1954). - Stereocaulon evolutoides f. glabrescens LAMB ex THOMS. Bryologist, 57: 284 (1954) (nomen nudum). - Stereocaulon paschale f. taeniarum MAGN. Goteborgs K. Vetensk.- o. Vitterh.-Samh. Handl. ser. 4, 30 (7): 48 (1926). - Stereocaulon tomentosum var. graphiticola RAs. Lichenotheca Fenn. no. 247 (1947). Exsicc.: AND. Lich. EXS. Bohem. Bor. Fasc. I (1929) no. 27, as St. globosus (PR). - CUMM., WIL- LIAMS et SEYMOUR, Decades N. Amer. Lich. Decade I11 (1892 ?) no. 25, as St. paschale (DUKE, OC, US, WELC, WIS. But in c it is a mixture of St. paschale (L.) HOFFM. and St. tomentosum FR.). - CUMM. et al. Lich. Bor.-Amer. Decade XVI (1898) no. 151, as St. paschale (NEBC, PR, S, WELC). - FOLLM. Lich. EXS. Sel. Mus. Hist. Nut. Casselensi Fasc. VIII (1975) no. 158 (KASSEL). - HOWE, Lich. Novae Angliae Decade I11 (191 1) no. 22, as St. paschale (FH. With intermixture of St. tomentosum FR.). - Lichenotheca Fenn. Fasc. V (1947) no. 103, as St. squamescens (LD. But in CAN and ups it is St. paschale (L.) HOFFM.); Fasc. X (1947) no. 247, as St. tomentosum f. graphiticola (FH, LD); Fasc. XLI (1957) no. 1009, as St. squamescens (LD). - MAC. Canad. Lich. ser. 1 (1893-94) no. 45, as St. paschale (LD, us, WELC. But in WIS it is St. sasakii var, tomentosoides LAMB). - MAC. Canad. Lich. ser. I1 (1909-12) no. 133, as St. paschale (the specimen from Nova Scotia) (WELC). - MAGN. Lich. Sel. Scand. Exs. Fasc. VII (1933) no. 158, as St. evolutoides (LE, PR). - MALME, Lich. Suec. Exs. Fasc. XXI (1915) no. 508, pr. p., as St. coralloides (PR, WIS, mixed with St. dactylophyllum FLORKE; S, mixed with St. evolutum GRAEWE). - MERR. Lich. EXS. Fasc. I1 (1909) no. 40, as St. paschale (DUKE, FH, L, US). - PIS~T, Lich. Slovak. Exs. Fasc. VI (1968) no. 142, as St. evolutoides (LD). - SCHADE, STOLLE et RIEHMER, Lich. Sax. Exs. Decas XXVI (1927) no. 260, pr. p., as St. tomentosum (BM. Mixed with St. dactylophyllum var. occidentale (MAGN.) GRUMM.). - TOBOL. Lichenotheca Polon. Fasc. VI (1955) no. 113, as St. paschale (LD. But in FH it is apparently St. paschale (L.) HOFFM.). - VBZDA, Lich. Bohemoslovak. Exs. Fasc. I (1957) no. 44, as St. tomentosum (FH). -VBZDA, Lich. Sel. Exs. Fasc. XI11 (1965) no. 312, as St. evolutoides (BRNU, LD, M); Fasc. LII (1975) no. 1290 (BRNU). Icon.: FREY 1932, fig. 22; PI. 11, fig. 8, as St. evolutoides. - KERSH. 1960, fig. 8, as St. evolutoides. - HALE 1969, fig. 383. - DAHL et KROG 1973, fig. 48. - FOLLM. 1975, fig. 1. Mat. chim.: atranorin and lobaric acid. Distrib. : northern suboceanic, "probably essentially middle boreal to hemiboreal, amphiatlantic" (AHTI, 1964, p. 24). Does not occur in the Arctic regions, nor in the southern hemisphere or Asia. Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Belgium, Netherlands, England, Scotland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, U. S. S. R. (Leningrad region, Karelia ladogensis, Estonian SSR), Canada (Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Labrador, Manitoba), U. S. A. (New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota). Remarks: closely related to St. paschale (L.) HOFFM. A very variable species in its morphology, especially in N. America. St. paschale var. evolutoides, syn. St. evolutoides, represents the common and biologically typical state of the species; St. saxatile was based on a somewhat unusual state characterized by firm and wide attachment to rock, irregularly concrescent phyllocladial squamules, and in the persistence of the primary thallus; it is however the prior species-epithet, and must be used instead of evolutoides provided the 2 taxa are regarded as synonymous, which to us seems unquestionable. F. laxatum LAMB was published to designate plants of lax habitus, with loosely spreading prostrate pseudopodetia, but is only a modification completely transitional to the typical species. St. paschale f. taeniarum
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offenen See" (H-RAs, holotypus). I.
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-- f. confluens (MAGN.) FREY 216 --
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-fragile (L.) HOFFM. 327 - fronduli
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-- var. sorediiferum NYL. 226, 312
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- turgescens Nn. 252 - tyroliense (
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A CONSPECTUS OF THE LICHEN GENUS STEREOCAULON ...

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