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108 Start-Up -r Deletes any existing subdirectories -i Waits for confirmation before deleting each file ln [options] source target Creates an internal link from source to target. Normally, such a link points directly to source on the same file system. However, if ln is executed with the -s option, it creates a symbolic link that only points to the directory in which source is located, enabling linking across file systems. -s Creates a symbolic link cd [options] [directory] Changes the current directory. cd without any parameters changes to the user's home directory. mkdir [options] directory Creates a new directory. rmdir [options] directory Deletes the specified directory if it is already empty. chown [options] username[:[group]] files Transfers ownership of a file to the user with the specified username. -R Changes files and directories in all subdirectories chgrp [options] groupname files Transfers the group ownership of a given file to the group with the specified group name. The file owner can only change group ownership if a member of both the current and the new group. chmod [options] mode files Changes the access permissions. The mode parameter has three parts: group, access, and access type. group accepts the following characters:
u g o User Group Others For access, grant access with + and deny it with -. The access type is controlled by the following options: r w x s Read Write Execute—executing files or changing to the directory Setuid bit—the application or program is started as if it were started by the owner of the file As an alternative, a numeric code can be used. The four digits of this code are composed of the sum of the values 4, 2, and 1—the decimal result of a binary mask. The first digit sets the set user ID (SUID) (4), the set group ID (2), and the sticky (1) bits. The second digit defines the permissions of the owner of the file. The third digit defines the permissions of the group members and the last digit sets the permissions for all other users. The read permission is set with 4, the write permission with 2, and the permission for executing a file is set with 1. The owner of a file would usually receive a 6 or a 7 for executable files. gzip [parameters] files This program compresses the contents of files using complex mathematical algorithms. Files compressed in this way are given the extension .gz and need to be uncompressed before they can be used. To compress several files or even entire directories, use the tar command. Working with the Shell 109
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SUSE Linux 10.1 April 07, 2006 Star
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Contents About This Guide vii Part
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6 Customizing Your KDE Desktop 165
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viii Start-Up SUSE Linux Reference
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Part I. Setup
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4 Start-Up 2 Reboot the system. 3 A
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6 Start-Up Use the function keys in
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8 Start-Up dows but does not provid
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10 Start-Up The partitions to creat
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12 Start-Up Figure 1.2 Possible Opt
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14 Start-Up The first bar graph sho
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16 Start-Up Other Filters Click the
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18 Start-Up 1.8.5 Keyboard Layout S
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20 Start-Up 1.9.2 root Password roo
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22 Start-Up If you have multiple ne
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24 Start-Up Figure 1.5 Entering the
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26 Start-Up settings. LDAP client c
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28 Start-Up AutoYaST is a system fo
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30 Start-Up To start YaST in text m
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32 Start-Up Figure 2.2 YaST Package
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34 Start-Up NOTE Because language-s
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36 Start-Up Installation Summary Af
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38 Start-Up Figure 2.3 Conflict Man
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40 Start-Up Find the list of availa
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42 Start-Up Backup During the updat
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44 Start-Up 2.4.2 Infrared Device C
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46 Start-Up satisfied with the sett
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48 Start-Up is provided at http://c
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50 Start-Up If YaST is unable to de
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52 Start-Up Standard Boot Floppy Us
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54 Start-Up point of the hard disks
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56 Start-Up If you partition manual
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Page 72 and 73: 62 Start-Up 2.7.1 Mail Transfer Age
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Page 80 and 81: 70 Start-Up the options Current Dir
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Page 84 and 85: 74 Start-Up Press Enter to start th
Page 86 and 87: 2.11.3 Starting the Individual Modu
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Page 103 and 104: 3.1.2 Linux Directory Structure Bec
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Page 115 and 116: 3.2.2 Modifying File Permissions Ch
Page 117: 3.3.1 File Commands The following s
Page 121 and 122: locate patterns This command is onl
Page 123 and 124: -t filesystem Specify the file syst
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Page 127 and 128: eboot [options] Does the same as ha
Page 129 and 130: H J K L Move one character to the l
Page 131: • A number of vim sources are ava
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Page 136 and 137: Figure 4.3 Generating a Search Inde
Page 138 and 139: 128 Start-Up Another possibility to
Page 140 and 141: 130 Start-Up 4.7 Package Documentat
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Page 145: Part III. Desktop
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Page 150 and 151: 140 Start-Up main menu. Alter a sho
Page 152 and 153: 142 Start-Up structure for accessin
Page 154 and 155: 144 Start-Up Figure 5.3 Main Menu S
Page 156 and 157: 146 Start-Up topmost directory is r
Page 158 and 159: 148 Start-Up • Select the object
Page 160 and 161: 150 Start-Up The group determines t
Page 162 and 163: 152 Start-Up 4 Specify the folder t
Page 164 and 165: 154 Start-Up where you want the tex
Page 166 and 167: 156 Start-Up network passwords and
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158 Start-Up Figure 5.8 Ark: File A
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160 Start-Up Start KJobViewer from
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162 Start-Up filename for the image
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164 Start-Up To update system fonts
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166 Start-Up 5 Apply your changes a
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168 Start-Up In the Icons section,
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170 Start-Up shortcuts. For more in
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172 Start-Up The Country/Region & L
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174 Start-Up Login Manager configur
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176 Start-Up The program managing t
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178 Start-Up 7.2 Logging Out When y
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180 Start-Up To remove an icon from
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182 Start-Up The Places Menu The Pl
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184 Start-Up From the Desktop Doubl
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186 Start-Up Figure 7.4 Nautilus St
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188 Start-Up 3 Click Add to search
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190 Start-Up For a more in-depth in
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192 Start-Up Option Date Modified L
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194 Start-Up To open a file display
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196 Start-Up Left-click the panel i
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198 Start-Up account, open a file d
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200 Start-Up To add a new channel,
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202 Start-Up 8.1 Hardware Settings
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204 Start-Up 8.2.3 Configuring the
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206 Start-Up 8.3.1 Configuring Acce
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208 Start-Up 8.4.3 Managing Session
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Part IV. Troubleshooting
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214 Start-Up Log File /var/log/SaX.
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216 Start-Up 1. The program checks
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Procedure 9.2 Changing the Boot Seq
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220 Start-Up acpi=off This paramete
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222 Start-Up and port number under
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224 Start-Up 7 Once in the YaST Sys
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226 Start-Up • DNS is not working
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228 Start-Up 5 If graphical login s
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230 Start-Up 9.4.3 Login Successful
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232 Start-Up IMPORTANT If the user'
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234 Start-Up assume both server and
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236 Start-Up use traceroute fully_q
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238 Start-Up 9.6.2 Restoring a Syst
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240 Start-Up 1 Boot the system with
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242 Start-Up Clicking Next starts a
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244 Start-Up tion support for regis
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246 Start-Up • France: Phone: +33
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248 Start-Up We endeavor to help yo
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ping, 115 ps, 115 reboot, 117 rm, 1
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utilities, 195-200 grep, 112 groups
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S Samba clients, 66 servers, 66 SaX
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servers, 66 Samba clients, 26 scann
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