Jesse Sharpe PhD thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText ...

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‘Looke Downe to Heaven’ 217 HAile Sister Springs Parents of Silver-forded rills! Ever bubling things! Thawing Christall! Snowy Hills! Still spending, never spent; I meane Thy faire Eyes sweet Magdalene. (1-6) 33 The exuberance, the exclamation marks, the ‘still spending, never spent’ imagery, the over-the-top conceits he is often derided for are all there in the first stanza, and this continues until the very last line of the poem. When critics complain of Crashaw’s baroque, or foreign, or Catholic, or grotesque imagery, it is often to this poem that they turn for support of their rants, and Crashaw does seem to supply everything needed to question his abilities to control his poetry. The verses move from Magdalene’s eyes (stanzas 1-3), up to the heavens (stanzas 4-6), are breakfasted upon by the cherubim (stanza 4), return to earth where they water and refresh an Edenic land (stanzas 7-8), become personified as various attributes and gods where they live in an other-worldly paradise above the earth (stanzas 9-18), then move between space and time in a struggle to find their proper dwelling (stanzas 19-21), and then something very interesting takes place. The final two stanzas argue with each other, and the final two lines subvert all that has come before. In the end, this poem is not actually about the overflowing of the tears and their mystic or other worldly properties, instead, the whole purpose of the tears is to land on the very human, the very fleshly, and the very dirty feet of Jesus. As the summary in the previous paragraph indicates, there is a struggle taking place in the poem. The tears, the devotion to Jesus, are fighting between the earth and the 33 All quotes from Crashaw’s poetry are from L. C. Martin (ed.), The Poems English Latin and Greek of Richard Crashaw, 2 nd edn., (Oxford, 1957), unless otherwise noted.
‘Looke Downe to Heaven’ 218 heavens, between the idealised and the real. The imagery is continuously trying to overcome the reality of their existence as saltwater falling from the eyes of a prostitute. Crashaw begins in an overwhelming excitement. The first stanza sets the tone that this ‘Weeper’ is no ordinary mortal. As we continue we find the poet stating that ‘Heavens thy faire Eyes bee, | Heavens of ever-falling stars’. (7-8) And as they are ‘Heavens’, the poet quickly realises his mistake in associating them with a fallen woman, so she begins to be forgotten, and her eyes of heaven shed their tears up to their rightful place: It is not for our Earth and us, To shine in things so pretious. Upwards thou dost weepe, Heavens bosome drinks the gentle streame. Where th’ milky rivers meet, Thine Crawles above and is the Creame. Heaven, of such faire floods as this, Heaven the Christall Ocean is. (17-24) The tears of Magdalene are too good for this world, in fact they are not even temporal matter issued from her eyes. They are transfigured into divine materials. And in this, though the person of Magdalene begins to drop away, there are indicators that she too is being transfigured along with her tears. Her eyes have already been declared ‘Heavens’, but with her fallen body, her profession as a prostitute, we see her breasts, and their issuance being redeemed in a subtle manner. Her tears become the ‘Creame’ that ‘Crawles above’ ‘Where th’ milky rivers meet’. And these are consumed by ‘Heavens bosome’, in
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‘AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH’:
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i ABSTRACT In using the doctrine of
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iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am deeply in
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v A NOTE ON THE TEXT In line with c
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Introduction 2 the nation reaches t
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Introduction 6 statements on the In
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Introduction 8 And so have we here
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Introduction 30 destabilising force
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Donne’s Incarnating Words 36 II J
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Page 251 and 252: Postscript 244 POSTSCRIPT The parad
Page 253 and 254: Bibliography 246 BIBLIOGRAPHY Abrah
Page 255 and 256: Bibliography 248 Bush, Douglas. Eng
Page 257 and 258: Bibliography 250 Creeds of the Chur
Page 259 and 260: Bibliography 252 ----. George R. Po
Page 261 and 262: Bibliography 254 Fish, Stanley. The
Page 263 and 264: Bibliography 256 ----. ‘Fear of
Page 265 and 266: Bibliography 258 ----. ‘Altering
Page 267 and 268: Bibliography 260 Kessner, Carole.
Page 269 and 270: Bibliography 262 Liew, Warren M.
Page 271 and 272: Bibliography 264 McGrath, Alister E
Page 273 and 274: Bibliography 266 Meath, Gerard. ‘
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Bibliography 268 Netzley, Ryan. ‘
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Bibliography 270 Richards, Bernard.
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Bibliography 272 Schoenfeldt, Micha
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Bibliography 274 Siegfried, B. R.
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Bibliography 276 Tuve, Rosemond. El
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Bibliography 278 ----. ‘“All Th
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