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Armagh Derry More, Co. Armagh Early Medieval Settlement Enclosure. Grid Ref: J0496028040 (304960/328040) SMR No: ARM 026:008 Excavation Licence: AE/00/22; AE/01/38; AE/01/42; AE/01/69 Excavation Duration/Year: May 2000 – June 2000; 2001. Site Directors: E. Halpin (Archaeological Development Services); C. Long (Archaeological Development Services) A hachured enclosure was shown on early editions of the Ordnance Survey maps, but at the time of excavation this was only marked on the ground by a fraction of the surviving bank. Excavation was required prior to the construction of a number of houses on the site. Four trenches were excavated through the site (Fig. 41), and the original enclosure ditch was discovered in all of these. The only other features located during the excavation were the curving gullies of a (possible) roundhouse, and the linear gullies of a possible rectangular house. A number of sherds of souterrain ware were found in the linear gullys, suggesting that the associated structure was built during the early medieval period. The lack of occupation debris, habitation layers, and charcoal spreads has led the excavator to suggest that this site may have been occupied for only a short period, or, indeed, may have been abandoned before being fully completed. Fig. 42: Plan of excavations at Derry More in 2000, showing location of features (after Halpin 2000). References: Halpin, E. 2000. Assessment Excavations at Green Road, Bessbrook, Co. Armagh. Archaeological Development Services Ltd. C. Long. 2001:022. Derrymore Fort, Bessbrook. http://www.excavations.ie. 66
Armagh Dressogagh, Co. Armagh Early Medieval Settlement Enclosure. Grid Ref: H93075543 (29307/35543) SMR No: ARM 009:001 Excavation Licence: N/A Excavation Duration/Year: Spring 1964. Site Directors: A.E.P. Collins (Archaeological Survey of Northern Ireland) The site consisted of an irregular, ‘pear-shaped’ enclosure (Fig. 42) (29m by 34m internally) set on the northern slope of a drumlin. Farm improvement threatened the enclosure, leading to the excavation of the site. Excavation through the inner bank and ditch revealed an earlier, pre-bank occupation layer. This was indicated by the presence of an iron-smelting hearth (and associated iron slag) located beneath the present inner bank. It was, however, suggested by the excavator that the smelting hearth and inner ditch may have been contemporary features, suggesting perhaps that the present bank may not have matched the proportions of the contemporaneous bank. Indeed it would appear that scarping of the outer face of the bank, and re-cutting of the ditch, were undertaken in recent years to assist in drainage. The major feature on the site consisted of a ‘figure-of-eight’ house (Fig. 43). Both parts of the house respected each other, and were held to be contemporary, rather than a succession of roundhouses; and both ‘rooms’ were found to contain a central hearth. Both of the hearths were flanked by small post-holes, which have been interpreted as supports for a cooking crane. Small circles of charcoal found in the centre of the slot trenches would appear to represent the remains of the vertical wands used in wickerwork, implying that the structure had wicker, or wattle-and-daub, walls. Two sherds of soutterain ware were found in the old turf-line under the main bank. These finds, along with the presence of the smelting-hearth, suggests that the site was occupied prior to the construction of the main bank and ditch. Over 50 sherds of soutterain ware were recovered from the house, as well as fragments of a fine bronze chain. Fig. 43: Plan of Dressogagh, Co. Armagh (after Collins 1966, 118). 67
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E ARLY M EDIEVAL A RCHAEOLOGY P ROJ
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Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents St Michael le Pol
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Table of Contents Knowth Site M, Co
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List of Figures LIST OF FIGURES Fig
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List of Figures Fig. 92: Excavated
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List of Figures Fig. 183: Plan of h
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List of Figures Fig. 270: Significa
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Introduction 1.1 Description of thi
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Introduction Fig. 1: Key to symbols
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Introduction (commonly referred to
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Introduction References: Campbell,
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County Antrim Fig. 2: Significant e
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Antrim Fig. 4: Plan of Antiville, C
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Antrim Ballyaghagan, Co. Antrim Ear
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Antrim Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
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Antrim Fig. 8: Plan of Phase 2 hous
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Antrim Fig. 9: Plan of Ballymacash,
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Antrim Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
Page 41 and 42: Antrim Fig. 12: Plan of interior of
Page 43 and 44: Antrim Fig. 13: Plan of enclosures
Page 45 and 46: Antrim Radiocarbon Dates (PJ Reimer
Page 47 and 48: Antrim Fig. 15: Plan of Ballyvollen
Page 49 and 50: Antrim Ballywee, Co. Antrim Early M
Page 51 and 52: Antrim Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
Page 53 and 54: Antrim Fig. 17: Site plan of excava
Page 55 and 56: Antrim ‘Craig Hill’ (Craig td.)
Page 57 and 58: Antrim Fig. 20: Plan of Craigywarre
Page 59 and 60: Antrim The mound was subsequently r
Page 63 and 64: Antrim ‘Doonmore’ (Cross td.),
Page 65 and 66: Antrim Fig. 24: Plan of House III a
Page 67 and 68: Antrim Fig. 25: Phase I occupation
Page 69 and 70: Antrim Dunsilly, Co. Antrim Early M
Page 71 and 72: Antrim Killealy, Co. Antrim Early M
Page 73 and 74: Antrim ‘Langford Lodge’ (Gartre
Page 75 and 76: Antrim Lissue, Co. Antrim Early Med
Page 77 and 78: Antrim ‘Meadowbank’ (Jordanstow
Page 79 and 80: Antrim Rathbeg, Co. Antrim Early Me
Page 81 and 82: Antrim Seacash, Co. Antrim Early Me
Page 85 and 86: Antrim Fig. 37: Plan of interior of
Page 87 and 88: Armagh Armagh (Armagh City td.), Co
Page 89 and 90: Armagh Fig. 40: Excavations at Cast
Page 91: Armagh Radiocarbon Dates: Abbey Str
Page 95 and 96: Armagh Terryhoogan, Co. Armagh Earl
Page 97 and 98: Clare ‘Beal Boru’ (Ballyvally t
Page 99 and 100: Clare Fig. 47: Plan of excavated ar
Page 101 and 102: Clare The Harvard excavators identi
Page 103 and 104: Clare Cahircalla More, Co. Clare Ea
Page 105 and 106: Clare Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer
Page 107 and 108: Clare Clonmoney West, Co. Clare Ear
Page 109 and 110: Clare were associated with glass fr
Page 111 and 112: Clare wooden bucket, as well as Bro
Page 113 and 114: Clare Gragan West, Co. Clare Early
Page 115 and 116: Clare Inishcealtra, Co. Clare Eccle
Page 117 and 118: Clare Medieval Activity Significant
Page 119 and 120: Clare Fig. 53: Excavated areas of I
Page 121 and 122: Clare Fig. 54: Plan showing enclosu
Page 123 and 124: Clare Fig. 55: Plan of Thady’s Fo
Page 125 and 126: Cork Ballyarra, Co. Cork Unenclosed
Page 127 and 128: Cork shape was not able to be infer
Page 129 and 130: Cork ‘St. Gobnet’s House’ (Gl
Page 131 and 132: Cork Banduff, Co. Cork Early Mediev
Page 133 and 134: Cork Barrees Valley, Co. Cork Early
Page 135 and 136: Cork Brigown, Co. Cork Early Mediev
Page 137 and 138: Cork Carrigaline Middle, Co. Cork E
Page 139 and 140: Cork Fig. 62: Plan of primary phase
Page 141 and 142: Cork Fig. 63: Plan of excavations a
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Cork The following is based on gene
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Cork Fig. 66: Excavated areas on th
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Cork apart at one of the lowest lev
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Cork The Scandinavian main street o
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Cork Fig. 68: 11-13 Washington Stre
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Cork Fig. 69: Hanover Street/South
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Cork Twelfth century bone-working i
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Cork Hurley, M. F. 1995. Excavation
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Cork Curraheen, Co. Cork Early Medi
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Cork Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer,
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Cork barrel-padlock and an anvil; a
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Cork Killanully, Co. Cork Early Med
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Cork Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer,
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Cork flint objects, a rotary quern
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Cork number of post pits and stakeh
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Cork bronze button, bronze brooch,
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Cork ‘Lisnagun’ (Darrary td.),
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Cork Fig. 76: Plan of interior of L
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Cork bracelet, a segmented bead of
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Cork Fig. 78: Excavated areas in Mi
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Cork A total of thirteen struck fli
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Cork A small number of un-stratifie
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Cork sequence of fire debris. The p
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Donegal Dooey, Co. Donegal Early Me
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Donegal Fig. 82: Plan of Rinnaraw C
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Donegal Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reim
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Down Ballyfounder, Co. Down Early M
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Down Ballywillwill, Co. Down Early
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Down ‘Clea Lakes’ (Tullyveery t
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Down Crossnacreevy, Co. Down Early
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Down Drumadonnell, Co. Down Early M
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Down Duneight, Co. Down Early Medie
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Down ‘Dunnyneil Island’ (Dunnyn
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Down Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer,
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Down Fig. 98: Section of Gransha sh
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Down spreads of gravel and some fir
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Down Fig. 100: Section of Rathmulla
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Page 220 and 221:
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Down Fig. 103: Excavation at White
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Dublin County Dublin Fig. 105: Sign
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Dublin Ballyman, Co. Dublin Early M
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Dublin Cherrywood (Site 18), Co. Du
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Dublin Fig. 107: Plan of Scandinavi
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Dublin interface of this layer and
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Dublin Scandinavian/Hiberno-Scandin
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Dublin The following is based on ge
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Dublin 1999, 27). Similarly dated s
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Dublin Eleventh Century (Fig. 113)
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Dublin Evidence for two stone walls
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Dublin Fig. 116. Reconstruction of
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Dublin Fig. 118: Plan of Type-2 Hou
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Dublin Excavations occurred directl
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Dublin An amber and jet workshop wa
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Dublin Glebe (Site 43), Co. Dublin
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Dublin ‘Mount Offaly’, Cabintee
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Dublin Fig. 122: Phases at Mount Of
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Dublin a continuation of Ditch C an
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Dublin Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
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Dublin were suggestive of a number
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Dublin Dubhlinn - a large natural p
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Dublin Scandinavian warrior burial
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Dublin Fig. 128: Plan of excavation
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Dublin Gowen, M. 2001. Excavations
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Fermanagh ‘Boho’ (Carn td.), Co
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Fermanagh Coolcran, Co. Fermanagh E
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Fermanagh ‘Lisdoo’ (Castle Balf
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Fermanagh Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Re
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Galway Ballybrit, Co. Galway Early
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Galway Carrowkeel, Co. Galway Early
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Galway Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
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Galway Doonloughan, Co. Galway Earl
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Galway ‘Feerwore Rath’ (Turoe t
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Galway High Island, Co. Galway Earl
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Galway Loughbown (1), Co. Galway Ea
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Galway Loughbown (2), Co. Galway Ea
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Galway Mackney, Co. Galway Early Me
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Galway Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
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Galway Fig. 146: Excavated area at
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Kerry County Kerry Fig. 147: Signif
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Kerry Fig. 148: Plan of site showin
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Kerry unique mix of architectural c
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Kerry Bray Head, Valentia Island Ea
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Kerry House 9 was located at the so
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Kerry Fig. 151: Plan of early medie
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Kerry to retain insulating sod for
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Kerry Fig. 152: Plan of Church Isla
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Kerry Clogher, Lixnaw, Co. Kerry Ea
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Kerry Cloghermore, Co. Kerry Cave G
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Kerry Many of the latest burials fr
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Kerry A.D. 912-970 Beta-137046 Huma
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Kerry Fig. 158: Plan of Coarhabeg c
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Kerry Fig. 159: Plan of Phase 1 hou
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Kerry ‘Dunbeg Fort’ (Fahan td.)
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Kerry A stone flagged path linked t
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Kerry Radiocarbon Dates: Sample No.
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Kerry inside and on top of the cist
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Kerry Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer
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Kerry House C was a rectangular bui
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Kerry Loher, Co. Kerry Early Mediev
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Kerry Reask, Co. Kerry Early Mediev
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Kerry was excavated within the inte
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Kerry Fig. 168: Plan of Reask, Co.
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Kerry References: Fanning, T. 1973.
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Kildare Killickaweeny, Co. Kildare
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Kildare Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reim
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Kildare Fig. 173: Prehistoric and e
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Kildare Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reim
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Kilkenny County Kilkenny Fig. 176:
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Kilkenny Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Rei
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Kilkenny ‘Kilkenny Castle’ (Duk
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Kilkenny ‘Leggetsrath’ (Blanchf
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Kilkenny Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Rei
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Kilkenny Radiocarbon Dates (PJ Reim
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Laois Parknahown, Co. Laois Early M
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Laois Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer
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Limerick Ballyduff, Co. Limerick Ea
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Limerick Ballynagallagh, Co. Limeri
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Limerick Fig. 185: Ditch and palisa
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Limerick Fig. 186: Plan of Carraig
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Limerick shade from light to dark-b
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Limerick The ‘Spectacles’ (Loug
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Limerick Coonagh West, Co. Limerick
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Limerick Croom East, Co. Limerick E
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Limerick Cush, Co. Limerick Early M
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Limerick house which utilized the t
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Limerick 4, Cush 6 and Cush 7 with
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Limerick The sites at Ballingoola (
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Limerick Knockea, Co. Limerick Earl
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Limerick Fig. 193: Plan of Phase 1
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Limerick about thirty). The last th
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Limerick Raheennamadra, Co. Limeric
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Limerick Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Rei
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Limerick Fig. 196: Plan of Sluggary
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Londonderry Big Glebe, Co. Londonde
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Londonderry Corrstown, Co. Londonde
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Londonderry Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ
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Londonderry Oughtymore, Co. Londond
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Longford County Longford Fig. 202:
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Longford Fig. 203: Excavated areas
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Louth County Louth Fig. 204: Signif
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Louth A stone-lined oval kiln, with
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Louth The north-eastern area within
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Louth O’Hara, R. 2009. Early medi
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Louth Delaney, S. 2010. An early me
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Louth made from bronze, iron and bo
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Louth Archaeological monitoring of
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Louth ‘Lissachiggel’, Doolargy,
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Louth Fig. 209: Detailed plan of ho
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Louth Archaeological investigations
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Louth central, L-shaped island of n
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Louth Fig. 212: Plan of Marshes Upp
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Louth Millockstown, Co. Louth Early
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Louth Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer
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Louth Fig. 214: Photograph of soute
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Mayo County Mayo Fig. 215: Signific
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Mayo Bofeenaun, Co. Mayo Early Medi
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Mayo Carrowkeel, Co. Mayo Early Med
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Mayo Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer,
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Mayo Fig. 219: Plan of ecclesiastic
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Mayo Letterkeen, Co. Mayo Early Med
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Mayo Fig. 222: Features near entran
Page 468 and 469:
Mayo Fig. 223: Plan of excavated ar
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Mayo Moyne, Co. Mayo Early Medieval
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Meath County Meath Fig. 226: Signif
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Meath Fig. 227: Plan of excavations
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Meath Fig. 228: Plan of Augherskea,
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Meath possibly a foundation deposit
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Meath Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reimer
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Meath Betaghstown (Bettystown), Co.
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Meath Boolies Little, Co. Meath Ear
Page 486 and 487:
Meath Castlefarm, Co. Meath Early M
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Meath Fig. 231: Enclosures at Castl
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Meath Cloncowan, Co. Meath Early Me
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Meath Collierstown 1, Co. Meath Ear
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Meath enclosure. This ditch contain
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
Meath Fig. 234: Excavations at Colp
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Meath Fig. 235: Enclosures at Colp
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Meath Cormeen, Co. Meath Early Medi
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Meath bone and finds were few. The
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Meath Fig. 237: Phases of enclosure
Page 508 and 509:
Page 510 and 511:
Meath Johnstown 1, Co. Meath Early
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Page 514 and 515:
Meath Knowth Site M, Co. Meath Earl
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Page 518 and 519:
Meath belt buckles, bone combs and
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Meath Lagore (Lagore Big td.), Co.
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Meath similar huge amounts being re
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Meath ‘Madden’s Hill’, Kiltal
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Meath Moynagh Lough, Co. Meath Earl
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Meath spreads of animal bone were u
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Meath Nevinstown, Co. Meath Early M
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Meath disturbed burial appeared to
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Meath layer of fire-reddened or bur
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Meath Kelly, E. P. 1981. A short st
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Meath suggests a network of trade a
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Meath Beta-196366 Bone from linear
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Meath Raystown, Co. Meath Early Med
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Meath former cereal-drying kiln. Th
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Meath Roestown 2, Co. Meath Early M
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Meath Fig. 248: Phases from Roestow
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Meath St. Anne’s Chapel (Randalst
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Meath Simonstown, Co. Meath Early M
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Monaghan County Monaghan Fig. 249:
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Monaghan have been used for storage
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Offaly ‘Ballinderry II’ (Ballyn
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Offaly pins (ninth/tenth century da
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Offaly Ballintemple, Co. Offaly Ear
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Offaly Clonmacnoise, Co. Offaly Ear
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Offaly References: Boland, D. & O'S
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Roscommon Cloongownagh, Co. Roscomm
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Roscommon ‘Rathcroghan’, Co. Ro
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Roscommon Tulsk, Co. Roscommon Earl
Page 576 and 577:
Sligo County Sligo Fig. 258: Signif
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Sligo Fig. 259: Post-built structur
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Sligo Inishmurray, Co. Sligo Early
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Sligo Knoxspark, Co. Sligo Early Me
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Sligo References: Mount, C. 1994:20
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Sligo Fig. 262: Outline plan of Mag
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Sligo ‘Rathtinaun’ (Lough Gara
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Sligo discs and 1 rotary quern. The
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Sligo Sroove (Lough Gara td.), Co.
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Tipperary County Tipperary Fig. 264
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Tipperary Fig. 265: Plan of Bowling
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Tipperary saw the building of the p
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Tipperary stones, apparently the bo
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Tipperary Killoran (31), Co. Limeri
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Tipperary Killoran 66, Co. Tipperar
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Tyrone County Tyrone Fig. 270: Sign
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Tyrone Fig. 272: Early medieval Pha
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Tyrone Fig. 273: Excavation plan of
Page 612 and 613:
Tyrone Dunmisk, Co. Tyrone Early Me
Page 614 and 615:
Tyrone Radiocarbon Dates: (PJ Reime
Page 616 and 617:
Tyrone Fig. 276: Excavated area at
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Tyrone Mullaghbane, Co. Tyrone Earl
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Waterford County Waterford Fig. 280
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Waterford Kilgreany, Co. Waterford
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Waterford Fig. 282: Plan of Kilgrea
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Waterford Kill St. Lawrence, Co. Wa
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Waterford ‘Kiltera’ (Dromore td
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Waterford Fig. 283: Plan of Kiltera
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Waterford Little Patrick Street/Bar
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Waterford Ireland and took up at Po
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Waterford There is very little tent
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Waterford eastern half of the earli
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Waterford Though the archaeological
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Waterford Wren 1993 & 1998), the va
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Waterford By the early thirteenth c
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Waterford Fig. 291: Excavated build
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Waterford Fragmentary structural re
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Waterford Large amounts of antler a
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Waterford Hurley, M.F. 1990:108. Ar
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Waterford McCutcheon, S. W. J. & Hu
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Waterford Wallace, P. F. 2005. The
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Waterford A stone metalled entrance
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Waterford It has been suggested tha
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Waterford References: Eogan, J. 200
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Westmeath Ballinderry I, Co. Westme
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Westmeath rectangular house, as the
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Westmeath Clonfad, Co. Westmeath Ea
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Westmeath Kilpatrick, Killucan, (Co
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Westmeath Newtownlow, Co. Westmeath
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Westmeath Rochfort Demesne, Co. Wes
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Westmeath Togherstown, Co. Westmeat
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Westmeath Fig. 300: Plan of enclosu
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Wexford Bride Street, Wexford, Co.
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Wicklow Giltspur, Co. Wicklow Early
Page 685:
UCD School of Archaeology
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