Tricked and Trapped: Human Trafficking in the Middle East, â€Žpdf 4.1 MB

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Recruitment by deception about the nature of the job The second process of trafficking involves women who have travelled to the Middle East intending to work primarily as domestic workers, nurses, waitresses, saleswomen, teachers or in other similar professional fields. Similar accounts were recorded across the region. An official from the Jordanian Public Security Directorate explained that women are deceived by false advertisements in newspapers or on the Internet announcing job opportunities in domestic and other work, whereas in fact “these agents are searching for women they can exploit sexually”. 99 The prospective workers travel on either a work or a visitor’s visa. They are then deceived and abducted upon arrival in the country of destination and coerced into commercial sex work. “The perpetrators try to separate the victims from the public,” explained a public prosecutor from the Ministry of Justice in the UAE, “and clients come to the villas or apartments. The girls are often later sold to another person.” 100 An official from the Philippines Embassy in the UAE said it took on average three weeks for the victim to escape, and leaving was not easy because of the threats of violence and the constant control exerted by, in this case, the woman who ran the forced prostitution network, whom the victims called “Mama-San”. 101 Box 3.8. Cases that reached a shelter for women and children “The women had been told ‘You will be a hairdresser, a vendor, a waitress,’ but were in fact taken from the airport, locked up physically or psychologically. The victims we had received a lot of threats, directed to them and their families. One victim told me: “They put me in the room and lined up men to have sex with me.” Clients are from everywhere. Many of them do not know that the women are forced to do this, and some who do help them reach the police.” Interview with three officials of Ewa’a Shelter, Abu Dhabi, UAE, 31 January 2012. 99 Interview with an official from the Public Security Directorate, anti-trafficking unit, Jordan, 26 Sep. 2012. 100 Interview with an official from the Federal Public Prosecution, UAE, 1 Feb. 2012. 101 Interview with an official from the Embassy of the Philippines, UAE, 30 Jan. 2012. 73
The research team was unable to interview women who had been caught in this trafficking process. However, it obtained information on cases from service providers in the region that provide direct support to victims of trafficking. The Dubai Foundation for Women and Children noted in its annual report for 2011 that 21 out of the 23 victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation it had sheltered were deceived. 102 The Jordanian Women’s Union, which also runs a shelter for women, had dealt with cases of deception and sexual coercion, mainly involving girls and women from Tunisia and Morocco. “Most of them received their contracts through the web, either to work as secretaries or waitresses in a restaurant,” explains an official from the shelter, “but when they arrive in Jordan they are in fact forced to work in a nightclub.” 103 A representative of an NGO in the UAE which dealt with 284 cases of abused women between January 2011 and October 2012, most of them from Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation, Moldova and Kyrgyzstan, explained that “private employment agencies in countries of origin deceived the victims in promising them unrealistic jobs with high salaries and in presenting them other women who have worked in the Middle East and were able to buy a house or a big car and find good husbands”. 104 In Lebanon, Caritas Lebanon Migrant Centre noted that “there are cases of forced prostitution but they are not referred to us”. 105 Another source, who asked to remain anonymous, explained that he had met a 35-year-old Tunisian woman who had been deceived into believing she would work as a nurse, only to be forced to provide sexual services in Jounieh, Lebanon. She was only released six weeks later, when her parents had sent US$6,000 to Lebanon. 106 In the UAE, the Public Prosecution Department of Dubai referred two women and other suspects to the Dubai Court of First Instance in 2011 on charges of forcing three victims to work in a massage parlour and provide sexual services to men while they were held in captivity by the suspects. In the prosecutor’s account: 102 Eight of the victims had thought they would be domestic workers, four had come for further study, three to work in a company, two as beauticians, one as a tailor, one as a waiter, one in sales and one in child care. Of the remaining two, one expected to be a commercial sex worker and the other had no knowledge of the nature of the work prior to arrival. See Dubai Foundation for Women and Children: DFWAC 2011 Report on Victims of Human Trafficking, p. 15. 103 Interview with an official from the Jordanian Women’s Union, Jordan, 15 Nov. 2012. 104 Vivere: Report on activities, Sep. 2012, p. 18. 105 Interview with an official from Caritas Lebanon Migrant Centre, Lebanon, 17 Nov. 2011. 106 Interview with an anonymous source, Lebanon, 19 Sep. 2012. 74
Page 1 and 2:
In collaboration with TRICKED AND T
Page 3 and 4:
Copyright © International Labour O
Page 5 and 6:
officials, worker and employer repr
Page 7 and 8:
3.3.2. Recruitment 101 3.3.3. Work
Page 9 and 10:
MoJ MoL MWPS MoSAL NCCHT NCT NGO NH
Page 11 and 12:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Dimension
Page 13 and 14:
The realization of this research pr
Page 15 and 16:
In an effort to fill gaps in unders
Page 17 and 18:
There have also been cases of anima
Page 20 and 21:
CHAPTER 1: FRAMING THE ISSUE 1.1. D
Page 22 and 23:
People trafficked for any of the ex
Page 24 and 25: 1.2. GLOBAL DEBATES ON HUMAN TRAFFI
Page 26 and 27: processes by which migrant workers
Page 28 and 29: Concerted efforts have been made to
Page 30 and 31: documented abuses against domestic
Page 32 and 33: CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY 2.1. RESEARC
Page 34 and 35: Table 2.1. Dimensions of forced lab
Page 36 and 37: Table 2.4. Indicators of impossibil
Page 38 and 39: 2.2. OVERVIEW OF DATA COLLECTED In
Page 40: Having said that, the Middle East i
Page 43 and 44: individuals who voluntarily agree t
Page 45 and 46: 3.1.2. Recruitment of domestic work
Page 47 and 48: domestic worker explained, “many
Page 49 and 50: An official from the NGO KAFA went
Page 51 and 52: Another Filipina explained the supp
Page 53 and 54: In Jordan, an official from Tamkeen
Page 55 and 56: workers supported by the NGO report
Page 57 and 58: on the balcony. When it got cold, I
Page 59 and 60: 3.1.4. Impossibility of leaving Wor
Page 61 and 62: Legally, the domestic worker has li
Page 63 and 64: embassy three times to make an emer
Page 65 and 66: given that it is not easy for a mig
Page 67 and 68: Analysis of the information provide
Page 69 and 70: country, or whose relatives are dec
Page 71 and 72: 3.2.2. Recruitment Recruitment of d
Page 73: to provide sexual services. Most of
Page 77 and 78: Box 3.9. A press report of traffick
Page 79 and 80: explained that in 2010 there were b
Page 81 and 82: There are conflicting views over th
Page 83 and 84: one nightclub owner in Amman. 144 T
Page 85 and 86: 2011, three minors and three adult
Page 87 and 88: Many reports confirm the interlinka
Page 89 and 90: Some claim that the situation of ar
Page 91 and 92: finish working, especially Tunisian
Page 93 and 94: Investigations carried out by the I
Page 95 and 96: Detention of women accused of prost
Page 97 and 98: Lack of any economic and social alt
Page 99 and 100: 3.3. OTHER ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 3.3.
Page 101 and 102: Table 3.3. Overview of four process
Page 103 and 104: Indeed, many of those interviewed w
Page 105 and 106: workers, often requiring them to ta
Page 107 and 108: not suitable for the position so th
Page 109 and 110: The case of seafarers Stories emerg
Page 111 and 112: personnel from the ports to offshor
Page 113 and 114: of destination often happen through
Page 115 and 116: and we will find him a new job”.
Page 117 and 118: Degrading living and working condit
Page 119 and 120: Ministerial Decree 1186 (2010) was
Page 121 and 122: Retention of personal documents Lac
Page 124 and 125:
CHAPTER 4: REGIONAL RESPONSES TO HU
Page 126 and 127:
In Lebanon, the Government ratified
Page 128 and 129:
trafficking efforts in the seven em
Page 130 and 131:
stipulating that employers must giv
Page 132 and 133:
In Kuwait, in the absence of a spec
Page 134 and 135:
4.1.5. Prosecution of human traffic
Page 136 and 137:
Box 4.1. Ending the use of child ca
Page 138 and 139:
4.2. STRENGTHENING THE INSTITUTIONA
Page 140 and 141:
order management officers at the ai
Page 142 and 143:
government action has, however, bee
Page 144 and 145:
Box 4.3. Ending forced labour in th
Page 146 and 147:
among migrant workers and no protoc
Page 148 and 149:
to the needs of their citizens. The
Page 150 and 151:
Dialogue in 2008 to promote a colla
Page 152 and 153:
CHAPTER 5: A WAY FORWARD Comprehens
Page 154 and 155:
to legally terminate a contract aft
Page 156 and 157:
5.3.2. Taking measures to reduce vu
Page 158 and 159:
attention also needs to be given to
Page 160 and 161:
with new skills, which will make it
Page 162 and 163:
ANNEX: LIST OF STATES PARTIES TO KE
Page 164 and 165:
BIBLIOGRAPHY National legislation B
Page 166 and 167:
Lebanon Labour Code, 1946. Law on E
Page 168 and 169:
International Convention on the Pro
Page 170 and 171:
The Economist. 2010. “Little bett
Page 172 and 173:
—. 2006. Multilateral Framework o
Page 174 and 175:
—. 2011b. Qatar’s ambitions for
Page 176 and 177:
—. 2010. The international legal
Page 178 and 179:
Transient Workers Count Two. 2012.
Page 180:
This regional study sheds light on
show all

Tricked and Trapped: Human Trafficking in the Middle East, â€Žpdf 4.1 MB

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?