Projected Costs of Generating Electricity - OECD Nuclear Energy ...

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Tables Table 2.1 Overview of responses by country and plant type 24 Table 2.2 Exchange rates (as of 1 July 2003) 27 Table 2.3 List of responses 28 Table 2.4 Coal plant specifications 29 Table 2.5 Gas plant specifications 30 Table 2.6 Nuclear power plant specifications 30 Table 2.7 Wind and solar power plant specifications 31 Table 2.8 Hydro power plant specifications 31 Table 2.9 Combined heat and power (CHP) plant specifications 32 Table 2.10 Other plant specifications 33 Table 3.1 Expense schedule for coal-fired power plant construction 36 Table 3.2 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) for coal-fired power plants in 2010 37 Table 3.3 Coal price assumptions provided by respondents 37 Table 3.4 Expense schedule for gas-fired power plant construction 40 Table 3.5 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) for gas-fired power plants in 2010 40 Table 3.6 Gas price assumptions provided by respondents 41 Table 3.7 Expense schedule for nuclear power plant construction 43 Table 3.8 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) of nuclear power plants in 2010 44 Table 3.9 Nuclear fuel cycle costs 44 Table 3.10 Overnight construction costs of coal-fired power plants 49 Table 3.11 Overnight construction costs of gas-fired power plants 50 Table 3.12 Overnight construction costs of nuclear power plants 50 Table 3.13 Projected generation costs calculated with generic assumption at 5% discount rate 51 Table 3.14 Projected generation costs calculated with generic assumption at 10% discount rate 52 Table 4.1 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) for wind power plants in 2010 54 Table 4.2 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) for hydro power plants in 2010 56 Table 4.3 Specific annual O&M costs (per kWe) for solar power plants in 2010 58 Table 4.4 Overnight construction costs of wind, solar and hydro power plants 60 Table 4.5 Projected generation costs calculated with generic assumption at 5% discount rate 61 Table 4.6 Projected generation costs calculated with generic assumption at 10% discount rate 62 Table 5.1 Overnight construction costs of CHP plants 66 Table 5.2 Levelised costs of electricity generated by CHP plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 67 Table 6.1 Overnight construction costs of distributed generation plants (fuel cells) 70 Table 6.2 Levelised generation costs of distributed generation plants 70 Table 6.3 Overnight construction costs of waste incineration and landfill gas plants 71 Table 6.4 Levelised generation costs of waste incineration and landfill gas plants 71 Table 6.5 Overnight construction costs of combustible renewable plants 72 Table 6.6 Levelised generation costs of combustible renewable plants 72 8
Figures Figure 3.1 Specific overnight construction costs of coal-fired power plants 36 Figure 3.2 Levelised costs of coal generated electricity at 5% discount rate 38 Figure 3.3 Levelised costs of coal generated electricity at 10% discount rate 39 Figure 3.4 Specific overnight construction costs of gas-fired power plants 39 Figure 3.5 Levelised costs of gas generated electricity at 5% discount rate 42 Figure 3.6 Levelised costs of gas generated electricity at 10% discount rate 42 Figure 3.7 Specific overnight construction costs of nuclear power plants 43 Figure 3.8 Levelised costs of nuclear generated electricity at 5% discount rate 45 Figure 3.9 Levelised costs of nuclear generated electricity at 10% discount rate 45 Figure 3.10 Range of levelised costs for coal, gas and nuclear power plants 46 Figure 3.11 Cost ratios for coal-fired and gas-fired power plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 47 Figure 3.12 Cost ratios for coal-fired and nuclear power plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 48 Figure 3.13 Cost ratios for gas-fired and nuclear power plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 48 Figure 4.1 Specific overnight construction costs of wind power plants 53 Figure 4.2 Capacity factors of wind power plants 55 Figure 4.3 Levelised costs of wind generated electricity at 5% discount rate 55 Figure 4.4 Levelised costs of wind generated electricity at 10% discount rate 55 Figure 4.5 Specific overnight construction costs of hydro power plants 56 Figure 4.6 Levelised costs of hydroelectricity at 5% discount rate 57 Figure 4.7 Levelised costs of hydroelectricity at 10% discount rate 57 Figure 4.8 Specific overnight construction costs of solar power plants 58 Figure 4.9 Levelised costs of electricity generated by solar power plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 59 Figure 5.1 Specific overnight construction costs of CHP plants 66 Figure 5.2 Levelised costs of electricity generated by CHP plants at 5% and 10% discount rates 68 Appendices 79 Appendix 1 – List of members of the Expert Group and contributors to the publication 79 Appendix 2 – Factors covered in reported costs 81 Appendix 3 – Country statements on cost estimates and generation technology 93 Appendix 4 – Generation technology 155 Appendix 5 – Cost estimation methodology 173 Appendix 6 – Methodologies incorporating risk into generating cost estimates 177 Appendix 7 – Allocating the costs and emissions of CHP plants to the produced electricity and heat 193 Appendix 8 – Fuel price trends and projections 203 Appendix 9 – Economic impacts of wind power integration into electricity grids 207 Appendix 10 – Impact of carbon emission trading on generation costs 219 Appendix 11 – List of main abbreviations and acronyms 229 9
Page 1: NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY INTERNATIONAL
Page 4: ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERAT
Page 9: Table of Contents Table of Contents
Page 14 and 15: The introduction of liberalisation
Page 16 and 17: 150 USD/MWh at a 5% discount rate a
Page 18 and 19: The technologies and plant types co
Page 20 and 21: locations and/or very favourable co
Page 22 and 23: conclusions of the study were used
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 2 Input Data and Cost Calcu
Page 27 and 28: equipped with emission control devi
Page 29 and 30: Table 2.2 - Exchange rates (as of 1
Page 31 and 32: Table 2.4 - Coal plant specificatio
Page 33 and 34: Table 2.7 - Wind and solar power pl
Page 35: Table 2.10 - Other plant specificat
Page 38 and 39: Figure 3.1 - Specific overnight con
Page 40 and 41: exchange rates, the coal prices var
Page 42 and 43: Construction time Gas-fired power p
Page 44 and 45: USD/MWh 70 60 Figure 3.5 - Levelise
Page 46 and 47: O&M costs The specific annual O&M c
Page 48 and 49: Cost ranges for coal, gas and nucle
Page 50 and 51: Ratio 1.9 Figure 3.12 - Cost ratios
Page 52 and 53: Table 3.11 - Overnight construction
Page 54 and 55: Table 3.14 - Projected generation c
Page 56 and 57: Except for the offshore plant in th
Page 58 and 59: At 10% discount rate, the levelised
Page 60 and 61:
At 5% discount rate, hydroelectrici
Page 62 and 63:
Table 4.4 - Overnight construction
Page 64 and 65:
Table 4.6 - Projected generation co
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A CHP plant typically supplies heat
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Figure 5.2 - Levelised costs of ele
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lower unit capital and operating co
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
cost calculation for some 130 power
Page 78 and 79:
It should be stressed that the plan
Page 80 and 81:
Concluding remarks The lowest level
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Portugal Mr. António B. Gomes EDP
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Table A2.1 - Nuclear plant investme
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Overnight Capital Costs: Constructi
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Table A2.7 - Gas-fired (including C
Page 90 and 91:
Table A2.10 - Wind plant investment
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Cost structure of supported green e
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The highest investment cost arises
Page 100 and 101:
The expected development of the per
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● ● Autoproducers. These firms
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Canada The electricity market situa
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Natural gas - combined cycle gas tu
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Denmark Basic data Denmark has abou
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In the future, both an increase in
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nuclear operator Teollisuuden Voima
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these power generation methods. Two
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Figure 5 - Competitiveness of vario
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2004. It envisages the gradual incr
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Table 4 - Gross electricity supply
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● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
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Electricity generation costs The to
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photovoltaic device. Finally the su
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Table 1 - Installed electric power
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Japan Consumers in Japan are suppli
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BPE will be established not as a bi
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Coal Coal fired power plants have b
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A new sewage treatment plant with a
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The interconnections between Portug
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In order to respond to these basic
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efficient energies and is reducing
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Liberalisation Basic restructuring
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External costs for electricity prod
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At the beginning of plant operation
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and high ash, moisture and sulphur
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The White Paper did not contain pro
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Table 7 shows the projected load fa
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other investment options available
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The impurities contained in coal ar
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“ultra-supercritical” condition
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unmineable coal seams. All three pr
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Light water reactors require enrich
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concerns. Consequently, the natural
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generators and power electronics el
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conventional fossil-fired plants. B
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● ● very effective and is used
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Appendix 5 Cost Estimation Methodol
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into account in the real price of g
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● ● ● ● Factors under the c
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and small power plants. Although th
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The general approach remains useful
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Two US economic analyses of nuclear
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assume future prices follow a rando
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The effects of price risk on techno
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The option to delay is embedded in
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Appendix 7 Allocating the Costs and
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Further Fourier’s law for heat tr
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Figure A7.4 - The energy conversion
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This yields: β = 0.153 α. If α e
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It is emphasised that depending on
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1 st oil shock 2 nd oil shock Saudi
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Table A8.2 - Expected lower and upp
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Reliability in electricity systems
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is also highly dependent on the typ
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In the ILEX study 5 and in another
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an increasing share of wind is the
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able to work out the optimal operat
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Appendix 10 Impact of Carbon Emissi
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costs of generation. The introducti
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price at 3.5 €/GJ are the next fa
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Figure A10.5 - Steam coal price var
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The longer term impact on investmen
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Appendix 11 List of Main Abbreviati
Page 233:
OECD PUBLICATIONS, 2 rue André-Pas
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