Projected Costs of Generating Electricity - OECD Nuclear Energy ...

photovoltaic device. Finally the sum can be compared with the costs of power generated by conventional
power plants. The formula to calculate the back-up costs is given by:
K BU = A K AK . L
- = AK . ( 1 - L )
h v h w h v h w
with, A K annuity of investment per kW of the back-up-power plant;
h v maximum hourly load of the back-up-power plant;
h w maximum hourly load of “renewable” power plant;
L credit of capacity. 15
The first term represents the additional costs caused by the fixed costs of conventional back-up power
plants. The second term represents the bonus as a consequence of the credit of capacity which can be
saved in installed conventional power. This term has to be added to the costs of wind and solar power generation
in order to compare it with the costs of power generated by conventional power plants.
Bibliography
Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz: Federal Emission Protection Law: Dreizehnte Verordnung zur Durchführung des Bundes
Immissionsschutzgesetzes (2002), Verordnung über Großfeuerungs- und Lastturbinenanlagen, 13. BImSchV, Berlin, Germany.
Enquete Kommission “Nachhaltige Energieversorgung unter Bedingungen der Globalisierung und der Liberalisierung” (2002),
Abschlussbericht(http://www.bundestag.de/gremien/ener/schlussbericht/index.htm), Deutscher Bundestag, Berlin, Germany.
International Energy Agency (2003), World Energy Outlook, OECD/IEA, Paris, France.
Umweltbundesamt (UBA) (2002), “Ökosteuer - sparen oder zahlen?”, Berlin, Germany.
VDEW Jahresbericht 2003 (2004), Verband der Elektrizitätswirtschaft, VDEW - e.V., Berlin/ Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Greece
The demand for electric energy in Greece during the past few years has shown an annual growth rate
greater than the average in Europe. This growth rate is likely to continue, as the per capita consumption
of electricity in Greece is considerably lower than the European mean average, and domestic tariffs of the
main electricity supplier “Public Power Corporation” – PPC S.A. – are the lowest in Europe. The growth
of the economy will drive a matching growth of electricity demand.
The electricity market
The regulatory framework for the Greek electricity industry has changed significantly over the past four
years as a result of measures designed to introduce competition in the national electricity market. The
Liberalisation Law (2773/1999) implemented a new regulatory framework, based on the 1996 Electricity
Directive. In addition, the Greek parliament adopted in July 2003 Law 3175/03 (with effect from
29 August 2003) that significantly amended several provisions of the Liberalisation Law, in order to make
Greek electricity market more attractive to investors.
15. The credit of capacity is equal to the conventionalpower plant capacity saved in a mixed (conventional/renewable) system
having the same supply reliability.
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