Fashion Marketing: Contemporary Issues, Second edition - Pr School

Globalization: global markets and global supplies 3
Table 1.1 Trends in employment and share of clothing as a percentage of
manufacturing employment, selected countries; 1995–2005 Source: ILO (2005).
Year Employment Share (%) Year Employment Share (%)
Bangladesh 1 1998 1,049,360 49.9 2004 2,000,000 n.a.
Cambodia 1995 – n.a. 2005 250,000 38.2
China 1 1995 14,710,000 6.2 2004 19,000,000 18.9
India 1998 398,618 5.0 2001 463,319 6.2
Pakistan 1 1996 26,915 4.8 2001 2,300,000 42.9
Sri Lanka 1997 154,542 34.9 2000 165,388 34.2
Mexico 1997 72,660 5.2 2005 460,000 12.3
Guatemala 1997 66,800 n.a. 2005 104,464 23.0
Romania 1997 286,300 14.1 2002 403,400 25.3
Turkey 1997 142,554 12.6 2000 164,353 14.6
Mauritius 1997 69,423 65.6 2001 76,963 65.8
Morocco 1997 131,995 16.1 2002 176,894 17.8
Madagascar 1 1999 83,000 44.9 2001 87,000 44.8
n.a. Not available. – Insignificant.
1
Recent data from Bangladesh, China, Pakistan and Madagascar are for clothing and textiles.
China’s textiles and clothing share based on 2003 data. Manufacturing employment in 2003
based on estimation.
Sources: UNIDO: Industrial Statistics Database (INDSTAT) 2003 and 2005, Rev. 2 and 3;
Cambodia: Better Factories Cambodia Project,China: China Textile Industry Development
Report 2005 for textiles and clothing and China Statistical Yearbook 2004 for manufacturing
employment; Pakistan: Textiles and clothing employment for 2001 from Institut Français de
la Mode (IFM) et al.: Study on the implications of the 2005 trade liberalization in the textile
and clothing sector (Paris, Feb. 2004). manufacturing employment from the Federal Bureau
of Statistics; Bangladesh: Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers’ and Exporters’ Association
(BMGEA) for 2004 data; Guatemala; Association Gremial de Exportadores de Productos no
Tradicionales; Madagascar Ministry of Labour and Social Law.
Table 1.2 Employment in the USA (textile and clothing sector), seasonally adjusted
(thousands) Source: ILO (2005).
Jun. 04 Dec. 04 Jan. 05 Feb. 05 Mar. 05 Apr. 05 May 05 Jun. 05
Textile mills 239.3 233.2 231.5 230.1 228.7 225.5 225.4 224.7
Textile 178.5 178.0 178.1 177.9 177.9 177.7 178.3 176.7
product
mills
Apparels 285.9 271.9 269.3 267.2 262.8 262.2 258.5 256.0
Source: Bureau of Labour Statistics.
China, Pakistan and India have the largest number of people employed in the
textile sector.
Employment in the US textiles and clothing sector (Table 1.2) fell by about
7.7 per cent from June 2004 to June 2005. Since quotas were lifted on 1 January