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John M. S. Bartlett.pdf - Bio-Nica.info

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166 Abe<br />

4. For HBV, nested PCR using the same PCR buffer for RT-PCR, but without reverse<br />

transcriptase and omitting cDNA synthesis step is performed.<br />

5. An outline of direct (RT)-PCR is shown in Fig. 3.<br />

References<br />

1. Chomczynski, P. and Sacchi, N. (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid<br />

guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. <strong>Bio</strong>chem. 162, 156–159.<br />

2. Kunkel, L. M., Smith, K. D., Boyer, S. H., Borgaonkar, D. S., Wachtel, S. S., Miller, O. J.,<br />

et al. (1977) Analysis of human Y-chromosome-specific reiterated DNA in chromosome<br />

variants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 1245–1249.<br />

3. Abe, K., Konomi, N., and Abdel-Hamid, M. (1998) Direct polymerase chain reaction<br />

for detection of hepatitis B, C and G virus genomes from serum without nucleic acid<br />

extraction—simple, rapid and highly sensitive method. Hepatol. Res. 13, 62–70.<br />

4. Fujiyama, A., Miyanchara, A., Nozaki, C., Yoneyama, T., Ohtoma, N., and Matsubara, K.<br />

(1983) Cloning and structural analyses of hepatitis B virus DNAs, subtype adr. Nucleic<br />

Acids Res. 11, 4601–4610.<br />

5. Okamoto, H., Okada, S., Sugiyama, Y., Yotsumoto, S., Tanaka, T., Yoshizawa, H., et al.<br />

(1990) the 5′-terminal sequence of the hepatitis C virus genome. Jpn J. Exp. Med. 60,<br />

167–177.

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