MAPP Handbook - The National Association of County and City ...

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Step 7 — Summarize key findings Examine the data that have been complied into the “community health profile” and develop a list of the most compelling issues associated the data findings from this assessment.The most prominent findings of this assessment should be organized and captured in a brief summary (two to five pages). Consolidating the findings from this assessment will help to organize and identify key challenges and opportunities related to health status as well as assist in recognizing crosscutting issues from the other three assessments. This summary will be used both for reporting back to the MAPP committee and for guiding work during the Identify Strategic Issues phase. User Notes: S ee the MAPP Web site for: • Detailed guidance on conducting a Community Health Status Assessment. • An Extended Indicator List. • Vignettes from communities that have conducted Community Health Status Assessments. www.naccho.org/project77.cfm R EMEMBER The following tip sheets for this phase are located in the Tip Sheets Index: “Presenting Data” “Quality of Life Questions” “Sample Community Health Survey” 62
Tip Sheet — Data Issues in Jurisdictions with Small Populations Data collection is an integral part of the assessment function of public health. The challenge is to collect and convert data into useful information that provides a composite picture of the community's health. Many states have improved data systems and are regularly supplying data to local health departments for their jurisdictions. If such data are not available from state agencies, the process will require time, people, community resources, and possibly consultants who can analyze and convert data into an easily understood format. Phase 3: COMMUNITY HEALTH STATUS ASSESSMENT Sparsely populated or small communities face the challenge of translating low numbers or incidence into usable information. Low numbers or incidence can produce unstable rates that fluctuate greatly from year to year. In addition, a “snapshot” view of one year may not adequately represent the true status of the community's health. Also, smaller communities may not have access to individuals with expertise in data analysis. For these reasons, the collection and analysis of data may be an especially large barrier to community health assessment in communities with small populations. Statistical Instability There are two potential ways to avoid or address the statistical instability faced by jurisdictions with low populations. Such communities may consider one of the following approaches. * • Combine multi-year data (e.g., data for three years). A drawback to this option is that looking at multi-year data limits the ability of the jurisdiction to monitor program interventions and identify new trends. Rolling year averages (e.g., looking at data for 1997-2000 one year, and 1998-2001 the following year) may overcome this drawback and should be considered. • Expand the geographic area by conducting a regional health assessment in collaboration with neighboring jurisdictions. A drawback to this option is that the community may then be looking at geographical areas over which it has no control. Analyzing data at the regional level may also mask interesting local variations in the data. Both of these approaches increase the number of events under analysis. It is recommended that all indicators be based on 20 or more events (e.g., infant deaths, low birth-weight infants, etc.) In general, the higher the number of events, the more stable the data. Confidentiality issues must also be considered when the number of events is small. * American Public Health Association. Healthy Communities 2000: Model Standards. Washington, DC: 1991, pp. 458-459 Phase 3: COMMUNITY HEALTH STATUS ASSESSMENT 63
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Healthier
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A chieving Healthier Communities th
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The 10 Essential Public Health Serv
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MAPP IN A NUTSHELL MAPP includes tw
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How Do the MAPP Components Relate?
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Phase 1: ORGANIZE FOR SUCCESS / PAR
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Finding a Good Facilitator Facilita
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TIP SHEET 7 Conducting a Community
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TIP SHEET 8 Quality of Life Questio
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TIP SHEET 9 Example Community Healt
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TIP SHEET 10 Presenting Data The MA
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TIP SHEET 11 TECHNIQUES FOR BRAINST
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Vignettes from MAPP Users
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was a partnership process with cons
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should be and again public health c
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VIGNETTE San Antonio,TX 2001-2004 O
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Community Vision: A safe, healthy a
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Forces of Change Assessment: During
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Both the November and December meet
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140 User Notes:
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