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Prospectus UBI Banca Covered Bond Programme

Prospectus UBI Banca Covered Bond Programme

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<strong>Prospectus</strong><br />

securities. Generally, the longer the remaining term of the securities, the greater the price volatility as compared<br />

to conventional interest-bearing securities with comparable maturities.<br />

<strong>Prospectus</strong> to be read together with applicable Final Terms<br />

The terms and conditions of the <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s included in this <strong>Prospectus</strong> apply to the different types of<br />

<strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s which may be issued under the <strong>Programme</strong>. The full terms and conditions applicable to each<br />

Series or Tranche of <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s can be reviewed by reading the Conditions of the <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s as set out<br />

in full in this <strong>Prospectus</strong>, which constitute the basis of all <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s to be offered under the <strong>Programme</strong>,<br />

together with the applicable Final Terms which apply and/or disapply, supplement and/or amend the Conditions<br />

of the <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s in the manner required to reflect the particular terms and conditions applicable to the<br />

relevant Series of <strong>Covered</strong> <strong>Bond</strong>s (or Tranche).<br />

Investment Considerations relating to the Issuer<br />

Changes in regulatory framework and accounting policies<br />

The <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group is subject to extensive regulation and supervision by the Bank of Italy, CONSOB (the<br />

Italian securities markets regulator), the European Central Bank and the European System of Central Banks. The<br />

banking laws to which the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group is subject govern the activities in which banks and banking<br />

foundations may engage and are designed to maintain the safety and soundness of banks, and limit their<br />

exposure to risk. In addition, the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group must comply with financial services laws that govern its<br />

marketing and selling practices. One particularly significant change in regulatory requirements affecting the <strong>UBI</strong><br />

<strong>Banca</strong> Group is the pending implementation of the New Basel Capital Accord (Basel II) on capital requirements<br />

for financial institutions.<br />

Any changes in how such regulations are applied or implemented for financial institutions may have a material<br />

effect on the Issuer's business and operations. As some of the laws and regulations affecting the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong><br />

Group have only recently come into force, the manner in which they are applied to the operations of financial<br />

institutions is still evolving and their implementation, enforcement and/or interpretation may have an adverse<br />

effect on the business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations of the Issuer.<br />

Impact of events which are difficult to anticipate<br />

The <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's earnings and business are affected by general economic conditions, the performance of<br />

financial markets and of market participants, interest rate levels, currency exchange rates, changes in laws and<br />

regulation, changes in the polices of central banks, particularly the Bank of Italy and the European Central Bank,<br />

and competitive factors, at a regional, national and international level. Each of these factors can change the level<br />

of demand for the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's products and services, the credit quality of Debtors and counterparties, the<br />

interest rate margin between lending and borrowing costs and the value of its investment and trading portfolios<br />

and can influence the Group’s balance sheet and economic results.<br />

Changes in interest rates<br />

Fluctuations in interest rates in Italy influence the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's financial performance. The results of the<br />

<strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's banking operations are affected by its management of interest rate sensitivity and, in<br />

particular, changes in market interest rates. A mismatch of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities<br />

in any given period, which tends to accompany changes in interest rates, may have a material effect on the <strong>UBI</strong><br />

<strong>Banca</strong> Group's financial condition or results of operations. In addition, in recent years, the Italian banking sector<br />

has been characterised by increasing competition which, together with the low level of interest rates, has caused<br />

a sharp reduction in the difference between borrowing and lending rates, and has made it difficult for banks to<br />

maintain positive growth trends in interest rate margins.<br />

Market declines and volatility<br />

The results of the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group are affected by general economic, financial and other business conditions.<br />

During a recession, there may be less demand for loan products and a greater number of the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's<br />

customers may default on their loans or other obligations. Interest rate rises may also have an impact on the<br />

demand for mortgages and other loan products. The risk arising from the impact of the economy and business<br />

climate on the credit quality of the <strong>UBI</strong> <strong>Banca</strong> Group's debtors and counterparties can affect the overall credit<br />

quality and the recoverability of loans and amounts due from counterparties.<br />

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