TPF-C Technology Plan - Exoplanet Exploration Program - NASA

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Chapter 6 The first method is self-assembly with fibers stacked like soda straws within the constraints of a triangular space. In the center third of the triangle, the fibers form a hexagonal array as shown in Fig. 6-4. The challenge is to overcome electrostatic forces to stack successive rows without any placement error. To date, 51 rows have been successfully placed in this fixture to form a 496 fiber array. This method is expected to achieve its goal of 1000 fibers within the central aperture (101 rows on the triangle). Figure 6-4. The polished end of the 496-fiber array shows effectively 331 fibers within its central hexagon. The fiber-placement error is 2.78 μm rms. The second method is under development at the University of Florida and uses silicon fabrication technology to etch precision v-grooves on wafers. Fibers are bonded within the grooves to placement accuracies much less than a micron. This method is extended to two dimensions by etching grooves on both sides of a wafer and then stacking the wafers. Progress to date includes establishing the process for precision etching of two-sided wafers. A preliminary 10 × 10 fiber array, shown in Figure 6-5, has been fabricated and is being evaluated. Figure 6-5. Preliminary results of a 10x10 fiber-array fabrication using silicon etching precision v-groove technology. Left: Enlarged image of a two-sided etching of grooves on a silicon wafer. Center: A preliminary array made by stacking multiple wafers. Right: Transmitted light through fibers in this array. 98
Instrument <strong>Technology</strong> and Advanced Concepts 6.2.2 Phased Induced Amplitude Apodization Objective The Phase Induced Amplitude Apodization testbed is located at the University of Hawaii. It is being developed jointly by the University of Hawaii (UH) and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) with an independent study taking place at Smithsonian Astronomical Observatory (SAO). The phase induced amplitude apodization (PIAA) concept is an alternative to mask-and-stop coronography that uses aspheric optics to transform the pupil by geometric redistribution of the star light rather than absorbing it. This concept has advantages over traditional coronagraphs and visible nulling because it does not lose any light and preserves both sensitivity and angular resolution, making it possible to use a smaller telescope for efficient exoplanets detection or to effectively observe more distant stars with a same size telescope. This technique also has the advantage that it could be implemented along with a classic Lyot coronagraph or a pupil plane coronagraph by rotating the PIAA optics into the starlight suppression beam path to replace masks and stops. Figure 6-6 shows the three noninterferometric, starlight suppression schemes. The objective of this study is to establish the feasibility of this technique through simulations and laboratory demonstration. Figure 6-6. Layouts of several starlight suppression architectures. Approach NOAO and UH are working together to simulate and demonstrate a fully reflective implementation of the PIAA concept. At SAO, a refractive system is being simulated only, with no hardware implementation. Two phases will be pursued in a testbed at UH. The first phase was a proof-of-concept using low-quality plastic optics. The second phase will be a performance demonstration using fine-quality metallic optics. Fourier optics simulation is being performed on 99
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JPL Publication 05-8 Technology Pla
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TECHNOLOGY PLAN TERRESTRIAL PLANET
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Recent Highlights Technical progres
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Figure i-4. Deformable mirror deliv
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Table of Contents Approvals........
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7.5.2 Precision Hexapod............
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Chapter 1 Figure 1-1. Artist's impr
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Chapter 1 interferometry, continues
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Chapter 1 Back end coronagraph opti
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Chapter 1 Surrounding the whole tel
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Chapter 1 Pol. BS fold/steering Mic
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Chapter 1 1.6.5 Sunshield The teles
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Chapter 1 expected architecture dow
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Chapter 1 Table 1-3. TPF-C Technolo
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Chapter 1 3B: Demonstrate, using th
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Chapter 2 2 Error Budgets 2.1 Contr
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Chapter 2 Error Budget Validation G
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Chapter 2 Further, it is shown that
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Chapter 2 Table 2-1. Requirement on
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Chapter 3 3 Optics and Starlight Su
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Chapter 3 are in progress with cont
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Chapter 3 Figure 3-5. Coronagraph s
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Chapter 3 (though not light-weight
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Chapter 3 Table 3-3. ITT Metrology
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Chapter 3 observations. The time it
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Chapter 3 vacuum-compatible, low-po
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Chapter 3 blank size. Westerhoff et
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Chapter 3 configurations, performan
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Chapter 3 Figure 3-10: Plots showin
Page 60 and 61: Chapter 3 The wavefront quality of
Page 62 and 63: Chapter 3 Figure 3-13. Optical layo
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Page 66 and 67: Chapter 3 simulated star source is
Page 68 and 69: Chapter 4 Figure 4-1. Overview of t
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Page 78 and 79: Chapter 4 Figure 4-8. Comparison of
Page 80 and 81: Chapter 4 4.2 Subsystem and System
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Page 84 and 85: Chapter 4 Figure 4-12. Fine guiding
Page 86 and 87: Chapter 4 (5) The Fine Steering Mir
Page 88 and 89: Chapter 4 Third, precise thermal co
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 4 giving confidence that fl
Page 92 and 93: Chapter 4 surface polish is nonethe
Page 94 and 95: Chapter 5 TPF-C is planning a suite
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Page 108 and 109: Chapter 6 Figure 6-1. Detailed conc
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Page 118 and 119: Chapter 7 Improvements to the DM ov
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Page 122 and 123: Chapter 7 7.4 Optics and Starlight
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 7 7.4.2 Apodizing Masks and
Page 126 and 127: Chapter 7 7.4.4 Wavefront Sensing a
Page 128 and 129: Chapter 7 7.4.6 Transmissive Optics
Page 130 and 131: Chapter 7 7.4.8 Scatterometer Scope
Page 132 and 133: Chapter 7 7.5 Structural, Thermal,
Page 134 and 135: Chapter 7 7.5.3 Precision Structura
Page 136 and 137: Chapter 7 model of TPF-C and should
Page 138 and 139: Chapter 7 7.5.6 Secondary Mirror To
Page 140 and 141: Chapter 7 7.5.8 Sub-scale EM Sunshi
Page 142 and 143: Chapter 7 7.6 Integrated Modeling a
Page 144 and 145: Chapter 7 7.7.3 Advanced Concepts:
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Page 148 and 149: Appendices Appendix B: TPF-C Detail
Page 150 and 151: Appendices Appendix D: TPF-C Techno
Page 152 and 153: Appendices Appendix F: Acronym List
Page 154: Appendices RWA SAO SBIR SIM SM SMFA
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TPF-C Technology Plan - Exoplanet Exploration Program - NASA

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