Derrington 2012 thesis.pdf - Anglia Ruskin Research Online

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5.3.3 Recruitment and grouping It had been hoped to recruit 20 young people to the study, ten for group A and ten for group B, with five students from The Centre School and five students from CVC in each. To cover dropout it was decided that up to 25 students could be referred. In total, 11 were referred from CVC and 14 from The Centre School. These students and their parents or carers were given an introductory guide to music therapy which was created specifically for the project (appendices 5.3.3a and 5.3.3b). These leaflets, the participant information sheets and the consent forms (appendices 5.2.3b – 5.2.3e) were explained and read out to them, as necessary, by an instructor or teacher. In some cases, where a meeting with a parent or carer was not possible, the forms were sent home with the student and, once returned with both the parent’s and student’s signature giving permission, would be confirmed by a phone call from the head of year. A record was kept of consent and notes about each referral (appendix 5.3.3c) and a file was set up for each student (appendix 5.3.3e). Regardless of whether consent was given or not, the referral was followed up in the usual way and the student was still offered music therapy. In total, 22 students and their parents/carers agreed to participate: thirteen students from The Centre School and nine from CVC. For ethical reasons, and particularly considering the volatile and vulnerable nature of this client group, those in greater need received therapy first. The teachers who made the referrals were asked to prioritise whom they considered to be more in urgent need of therapy and these were the students who formed group A. The lead teacher of the deaf was certain that both students with hearing-impairment needed to be placed in group A. Therefore, group A had twelve participants and group B had ten. Although group A was larger, following the teachers’ prioritisation as requested, the groups were matched by age and schooling because of the eligibility criteria. Figure 5.3.3 shows the distribution of students in both schools from the time of referral to the end of the project. ! ""%!
Figure 5.3.3 Recruitment and grouping Eligible 25 students School The Centre CVC 14 11 Informed Yes No Yes No consent 13 1 9 1 (Initial) A B A B (5) (4) groups 7 6 6 3 Therapy Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No adherence 6 1 6 0 6 0 3 0 ! Initial grouping resulted in five students from CVC being assigned to group A and four to group B. However, the week before sessions were due to start, having received the consent forms and having replied to all the students and their parents informing them which group they were in (appendix 5.3.3d), the head of year 7 approached me with an urgent request for a student in his year to be moved from group B to A (8.3.1). This resulted in six students from CVC in group A and only three in group B. At the start of the clinical work, there was therefore a total of thirteen students in group A and nine in group B. The groups were unbalanced and sparse data can lead to statistical assumptions being undermined, however no percentage is smaller than 5%, so this was not a concern (Breslow, 1981; Greenland, Schwartzbaum and Finkle, 2000). This figure also shows that all students, except one, attended their therapy sessions. ! ""&!
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ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY MUSIC THER
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Marion Long Thank you for conductin
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2.4 Arts therapies for adolescents
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5.3.3 Recruitment and grouping ....
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7.7.2 On talking, playing and being
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COPYRIGHT Music Therapy for Youth a
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LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 3 Figure 3.
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Figure 7.5.3 Do you think you get e
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LIST OF TABLES Chapter 5 Table 5.2
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduc
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1.2 Adolescence and adolescent cult
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Comments on an article concerning t
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week. He was quite happy to have th
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(Grimshaw, 1996). Although this ter
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start. However, school files which
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When there is emotional distress, t
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and counter-transference. In chapte
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1.5.2 Overview of methodology In or
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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Int
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2.2.1 Literature on adolescents and
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influence or impress others as a me
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how it can ‘enhance a variety of
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2.3.1 Descriptive articles In a pub
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De Backer (1993), in his account of
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with authority figures, even gangin
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threatening for the adolescents who
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Recurring themes in drama therapy a
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In the UK, a randomised, controlled
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acquire musical skill. ‘First and
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2.7.1 Descriptive articles There ar
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emotional and behavioural problems
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school time and attendance was high
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The sessions aimed to increase the
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are, whatever educational setting t
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had an impact on music therapy and
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3.2.1 Inclusion The Government Gree
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The Learning Support Unit at Cotten
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The school focuses on individual le
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alcohol or drug addictions, many ar
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all students in music therapy is to
Page 81 and 82: asked if he could take one of the w
Page 83 and 84: Figure 3.4.2 After the bike worksho
Page 85 and 86: 3.5 Music therapy and the education
Page 87 and 88: eginning I used to talk to staff as
Page 89 and 90: many of these students can seem dir
Page 91 and 92: others to hear what is being played
Page 93 and 94: CHAPTER 4 (WITH DVD) AN APPROACH TO
Page 95 and 96: particularly well with adolescents
Page 97 and 98: Rogers’ methods, and the form of
Page 99 and 100: my approach has been shaped by the
Page 101 and 102: time!” he shouts and I react “T
Page 103 and 104: a free-flowing stream of expression
Page 105 and 106: Music is often related to on an emo
Page 107 and 108: Subsequently he was able to share h
Page 109 and 110: Adolescents who are not sure of the
Page 111 and 112: It is important to address the use
Page 113 and 114: Vignette 4.5 Gary, 15, wanted to si
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Page 117 and 118: Then, in his sixth session he stopp
Page 119 and 120: Figure 4.4.6 Rose’s drawing She s
Page 121 and 122: Gerald in the story, the most remar
Page 123 and 124: letting them rule, can feel chaotic
Page 125 and 126: CHAPTER 5 METHODOLOGY 5.1 Introduct
Page 127 and 128: Table 5.2 Overview of the design an
Page 129 and 130: Group B could be considered as a wa
Page 131: 5.3 Participants Students at risk o
Page 135 and 136: students’ choosing. The work vari
Page 137 and 138: The Beck Youth Inventories of Emoti
Page 139 and 140: School generally find reading more
Page 141 and 142: Effort was made to match the subjec
Page 143 and 144: allows profiling across scales…an
Page 145 and 146: e shared out between them. As the p
Page 147 and 148: Table 5.9.1 Topics set out in the i
Page 149 and 150: 5.9.2 Thematic review of interviews
Page 151 and 152: CHAPTER 6 KEY FINDINGS FROM THE QUA
Page 153 and 154: part of the project (9.3.1). Overal
Page 155 and 156: expected to score, based on their g
Page 157 and 158: Table 6.2.3 Summary statistics of a
Page 159 and 160: Figure 6.2.2.2 CVC students: the di
Page 161 and 162: Figure 6.2.3.1 Centre School studen
Page 163 and 164: students scored in the average rang
Page 165 and 166: perception of disruptive behaviour
Page 167 and 168: 6.3.1 The Beck Self-Concept Invento
Page 169 and 170: Figure 6.3.3 Difference in groups
Page 171 and 172: are presented in this section as ba
Page 173 and 174: hand, CVC students are all settled
Page 175 and 176: 6.5 Findings from the music therapy
Page 177 and 178: Table 6.5d.ii (in appendix 6.5d) sh
Page 179 and 180: All nine students felt that at leas
Page 181 and 182: Table 6.5d.III (in appendix 6.5d) s
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Figure 6.6.2 The change scores from
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6.7 Findings from school attendance
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CHAPTER 7 KEY FINDINGS FROM THE QUA
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Table 7.1 Themes from the predeterm
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Figure 7.2.1 How do you express you
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Daniel said he did “nothing” to
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7.4 Students’ attitudes to school
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given respect, but if the student h
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Figures 7.5.2 and 7.5.3 show a most
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thought about the future after musi
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7.7 Students’ thoughts on music t
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7.7.1 On improvising “Yeah lettin
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went on: “It’s like let the str
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and control, and maybe explains why
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year ten, which directly coincided
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7.7.5 On the impact of music therap
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therapy does, it really does open u
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CHAPTER 8 CASE STUDIES 8.1 Introduc
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way, were able to comment with unde
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He started to be more honest in ses
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John’s results were remarkable fo
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8.6 Case study 5: David David’s s
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CHAPTER 9 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
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7. Positive effects of music therap
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how they raise difficult issues rel
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9.3 Reflections on the method The c
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esults because this was my instinct
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All the students’ responses to th
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feelings of anxiety It is also poss
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Lastly, there is the possibility th
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caution. These young people with an
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9.7 Looking Ahead Collaboration wit
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REFERENCES Aasgaard, T., 2005. Assi
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Baker, F. and Jones, C., 2005. Hold
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Breslow, N., 1981. Odds ratio estim
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Cole, T., 1998. Understanding chall
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DCSF, 2010. Pupil absence in school
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Dowling, E. and Osbourne, E. 1994.
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Fruchard, G. and Lecourt, E., 2003.
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Hallam, S. and MacDonald, R., 2009.
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Ierardi, F. and Jenkins, N., 2012.
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Koshland, L., 2010. PEACE through d
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S.Hadley and G. Yancy, eds. Therape
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Miller, A., 1997. The drama of bein
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Parsons, R., 2009. Teenagers! What
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Bruscia, ed. 1991. Case studies in
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Children and Adolescents. Preventio
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Triangle and Coram, 2011. Music The
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Wigram, T., Lumley, J. and Steen, C
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