Derrington 2012 thesis.pdf - Anglia Ruskin Research Online

therapy. The baseline score (p-value=0.003) change in BDBI was shown to be a
significant influential factor but school or group continued to be non-significant
factors.
This means that, even when the students had very different scores, their baseline
scores for each BSCI and BDBI were the best indicators to predict variation in the
change scores for each inventory. These findings are convincing because these tests
also showed that there was more power, that is confidence, in the model to predict
accurate results in the BSCI and BDBI variables: the model was robust for 90% of the
time for the BSCI and over 70% for the BDBI.
However, there was nothing in this model that could accurately describe change in
anxiety because there was no significant factor that was found to affect the change in
students’ self-reported levels of anxiety. There was also less power: only 31% of
cases could be predicted with the model in the change scores using the BAI. In order
to explain the parameter estimates more clearly, the means and the confidence
intervals 45 for these data according to the model are shown in appendix 6.2h.
6.3 Findings from the Beck Inventories for Youth: comparing results between
groups with and without music therapy
Having looked at the students’ change scores from before to after music therapy, a
secondary analysis investigated the difference in scores between the two groups at the
second data collection point. This, therefore, compared the results of one group (A)
who had had music therapy to the other (B) which had not. Observations for the
Hawthorne effect, that is whether students’ responses in group B altered because they
knew they were participating in a project, could also be investigated. Bar graphs for
each inventory show the change scores for the two groups. Descriptive statistics are
presented first (6.3.1-6.3.3) followed by results from the MANOVA (6.3.4).
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%& !A confidence interval is the degree of certainty about a population estimate which
has been made from a random sample of data. The confidence interval shows that
95% of the data range between the lowest and highest values. Confidence intervals
contain enough information to judge statistical significance (Howitt and Cramer,
2011).
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