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CONTENTS FOREWORD FROM GRAÇA MACHEL FOREWORD FROM WINNIE BYANYIMA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 3 4 6 24 1 EXTREME INEQUALITY A STORY THAT NEEDS A NEW ENDING 1.1 The reality of today’s haves and have-nots 1.2 Extreme inequality hurts us all 1.3 What has caused the inequality explosion 27 28 35 54 2 WHAT CAN BE DONE TO END EXTREME INEQUALITY 2.1 A tale of two futures 2.2 Working our way to a more equal world 2.3 Taxing and investing to level the playing field 2.4 Health and education: Strong weapons in the fight against inequality 2.5 Freedom from fear 2.6 Achieving economic equality for women 2.7 People power: Taking on the one percent 68 70 72 81 89 101 104 108 3 TIME TO ACT AND END EXTREME INEQUALITY 112 NOTES 121
SECTION 1 2 3 FOREWORD FOREWORD The last decades have seen incredible human progress across Africa and the world. But this progress is under threat from the scourge of rapidly rising inequality. This report from Oxfam is a stark and timely portrait of the growing inequality which characterizes much of Africa and the world today. Seven out of 10 people live in countries where inequality is growing fast, and those at the top of society are leaving the rest behind. Addressing the gap between the richest people and the poorest, and the impact this gap has on other pervasive inequalities, between men and women and between races, which make life for those at the bottom unbearable, is an imperative of our times. Too many children born today have their future held hostage by the low income of their parents, their gender and their race. The good news is that this growing inequality is not inevitable. It can be resolved. This report contains many examples of success to give us inspiration. I hope that many people from government officials, business and civil society leaders, and bilateral and multilateral institutions will examine this report, reflect on its recommendations and take sustained actions that will tackle the inequality explosion. GRAÇA MACHEL Founder, Graça Machel Trust 3
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The widening gap between rich and p
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