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13. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
Unbiased standard genetic distance, D
D = – lnI (Eq. 13.15.16)
I – normalized identity of genes, genetic identity
Normalized identity of genes, genetic identity, I
(Eq. 13.15.17)
p x
p y
– the frequency of i th allele in a sample of 2n genes from population X
– the frequency of i th allele in a sample of 2n genes from population Y
Because the property that:
• I=1, two populations have identical allele (fragment) frequencies
• I=0, two populations share no alleles (fragments)
the I coefficient has been used for measuring the extent of genetic similarity between
populations
Time of divergence, t
(Eq. 13.15.18)
D
α
– unbiased standard genetic distance
– the average rata of codon substitutions that is detectable by protein electrophoresis