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2) Exploratory drilling<br />
The consultant proposed the detailed drilling method to the Department of Mineral Fuel.<br />
Exploratory drilling must be able to recover soil and rock core samples from depths of over<br />
300 meters. Three wells were drilled, two as observation wells and the other as a production<br />
well. Detailed descriptions of soil and rock core samples are made.<br />
3) Well logging<br />
Well logging was conducted to study the characteristics of the stratigraphic sequence and<br />
coalbed methane as based on gamma ray, density, neutron, resistivity, and spontaneous<br />
potential and caliper logs.<br />
4) Analyses<br />
Samples were collected, analyzed and studied for various properties of coal beds, soil layers<br />
and rock strata including the following aspects:<br />
4.1) Physical and chemical properties of coal beds including heating value, fixed carbon,<br />
moisture content, specific gravity, sulfur content and constituent elements.<br />
4.2) Coal petrographic study to determine the composition of organic matter is coal beds,<br />
together with determination of vitrinite reflectance to study the burial history of the coal<br />
beds.<br />
4.3) Stress conditions were studied to determine distribution of fracture and cleat systems<br />
4.4) Coal permeability was determined.<br />
4.5) The properties and quantity of the methane were determined by a desorption testing.<br />
4.6) The quality of groundwater from coal beds was tested to determine parameters such as<br />
salinity, alkalinity electro-conductivity, sulfide-sulfate and variation of trace elements.<br />
5) Gas flow test<br />
The <strong>gas</strong> flow-rate was determined by selecting the coal bed with high potential in methane<br />
and performing a well stimulation.<br />
6) Reserve estimation<br />
Calculation of reserves of coalbed methane and of coal were based on international standard<br />
methods.<br />
7) Groundwater flow system<br />
The groundwater flow system was studied for planning of <strong>gas</strong> production and disposal of<br />
waste water generated from the production process.<br />
8) Environmental impact assessment<br />
The likely environmental impact of <strong>gas</strong> production was assessed according to the relevant<br />
environmental laws such as management of wastewater from the production process, impact<br />
of <strong>gas</strong> pipeline installation, and power plant development.<br />
9) Development of coalbed methane and commercial benefit<br />
Conduct feasibility study to develop coalbed methane and its consequential commercial<br />
benefit.<br />
New Energy Resources in the <strong>CCOP</strong> Region - Gas Hydrates and Coalbed Methane 133
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