gas hydrate - CCOP

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Figure 7 shows two cases of the comparison of Vp between two different sediment samples at similar initial water saturation. In this figure, S g means the saturation of gas in pore volume. As a note, remaining volume except S g and S h from total pore volume is occupied with water. In both cases, V p shows similar increasing tendency with increase of S h , irrespective of sediment samples. This implies that there is no apparent effect of sediment size on V p in spite of existence of gas hydrate in the samples used in this study. 1800 3000 1600 2500 Vp(m/sec) 1400 1200 Vp(m/sec) 2000 1500 1000 800 Sg = 0.27 Hama#7 Hama#8 1000 500 Sg = 0.38 Hama#6 Hama#7 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Hydrate saturation(PV) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Hydrate saturation(PV) Figure 7. V p of two different sediment samples with S h change. We measured V p of the same sediment sample (Hama#7) with different initial water saturation to investigate the effect of initial water saturation on V p . In case of S g =0.27, V p shows higher value slightly than that with S g =0.38 (Figure 8). This might be pertinent considering sediment sample of S g =0.27 have greater amount of water than that of S g =0.38. 2400 2000 Vp(m/sec) 1600 1200 Hama#7 Sg = 0.27 Sg = 0.38 800 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Hydrate saturation(PV) Figure 8. The effect of initial water saturation on Vp. 48 New Energy Resources in the CCOP Region - Gas Hydrates and Coalbed Methane
CONCLUSION The effect of gas hydrate saturation was investigated on P wave velocity of 4 different sediment samples. Because not all the experiments have been finished yet, we can conclude as follows though it seems to be premature. 1) The values of P wave velocity increase with increasing gas hydrate saturation, as expected. To use this data for seismic interpretation, it is necessary to calculate equivalent water saturated velocities using an appropriate fluid substitution model. 2) The effect of grain size on P wave velocity is not clear in the sediment samples used in this study. It may result from limited range of grain size and the nature of artificial hydrate distribution in this study, such as cementing type. 3) Initial water saturation has a minor effect on P wave velocity compared with hydrate saturation. We are performing further experiments to clarify the effect of grain size and uni-axial load on V p of sediment samples bearing gas hydrate. Also, we are tried to calculate hydrate saturation considering volume change of gas during hydrate formation and equivalent water saturated velocities. REFERENCES Helgerud M., Circone S., Stern L., Kirby S., and Lorenson T., 2002, Measured temperature and pressure dependence of compressional and shear wave speeds in polycrystalline sI methane hydrate and Polycrystalline ice Ih, Proceeding of 4 th ICGH, Yokohama, Vol. 2, 711-715. Lee J., Lee W., Kim S., Kim H., and Huh D., 2005, Preliminary study on petrophysical properties of artificial gas hydrate bearing sediments, Proceeding of International symposium on gas hydrate technology, Seoul, 127-132. Priest J., Best A., Clayton C., and Watson E., 2005, Seismic properties of methane gas hydrate bearing sand, proceeding of 5 th ICGH, Trondheim, Vol. 2, 440-447. Sakamoto. Y., Komai T., Kawabe Y., Tenma N., and Yamaguchi T., 2004, Gas Hydrate Extraction from Marine Sediments by Heat Stimulation Method, Proc 14 th ISOPE, Toulon, Vol. 1, 52-55. Winters W., Waite W., Mason D., Gilbert L., and Pecher I., 2005, Effect of grain size and pore pressure on acoustic and strength behavior of sediments containing methane gas hydrate, Proceeding of 5 th ICGH, Trondheim, Vol. 2, 507-516. New Energy Resources in the CCOP Region - Gas Hydrates and Coalbed Methane 49
Page 2 and 3: Coordinating Committee for Geoscien
Page 4 and 5: Thematic Session on New Energy Reso
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS Page OPENING REMARKS……
Page 8 and 9: OPENING REMARKS by Chen Shik Pei Di
Page 10 and 11: WELCOME ADDRESS by Tai-Sup Lee Pres
Page 12 and 13: WELCOME ADDRESS by Keun-Pil Park Di
Page 14 and 15: CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS by David Pri
Page 16 and 17: PART I GAS HYDRATE: EXPLORATION, RE
Page 18 and 19: Partial differential equations for
Page 20 and 21: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the follo
Page 22 and 23: REFERENCES Berner R. A. (1980) Earl
Page 24 and 25: features of the seabed than those o
Page 26 and 27: secure the stability of the solutio
Page 28 and 29: trends depending on the following f
Page 30 and 31: Organic carbon in sediments is of i
Page 32 and 33: Sedimentological and Geochemical As
Page 34 and 35: Figure 3. Sedimentation rate of the
Page 36 and 37: Marine Gas Hydrate off W. Canada an
Page 38 and 39: Several methods for computing the Q
Page 40 and 41: 0.035 0.03 Amplitude 0.025 0.02 0.0
Page 42 and 43: 60 50 Amplitude 40 30 20 10 0 0 50
Page 44 and 45: REFERENCES Dallimore, S.R. and T.S.
Page 46 and 47: Frequency % 20 16 12 8 HAMA #5, MV=
Page 48 and 49: Figure 3. Experimental procedures f
Page 52 and 53: Seismic Characteristics of Gas Hydr
Page 54 and 55: Purpose The purpose of this paper i
Page 56 and 57: The dissociation zone created by th
Page 58 and 59: hydrate that forms near the wellbor
Page 60 and 61: dissociation, composite thermal con
Page 62 and 63: Figure 9. The Advanced Light Source
Page 64 and 65: Experimental Studies and Developmen
Page 66 and 67: Natural gas hydrate exploitation an
Page 68 and 69: Natural gas Free gas layer Figure 5
Page 70 and 71: Figure 7. One-dimensional developme
Page 72 and 73: Temper at ur e 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
Page 74 and 75: From the above discussion, the heat
Page 76 and 77: INTRODUCTION Clathrate hydrates are
Page 78 and 79: MATHEMATICAL MODEL The mathematical
Page 80 and 81: Where the hydrate-aqueous radius of
Page 82 and 83: REFERENCES Brooks, R.H., and A.T. C
Page 84 and 85: 86 New Energy Resources in the CCOP
Page 86 and 87: In this paper, an overview of the M
Page 88 and 89: The brief tasks in the Phase I are:
Page 90 and 91: In "Development of the dissociation
Page 92 and 93: Figure 5. Preparation equipment. AN
Page 94 and 95: Other recent research subjects in t
Page 96 and 97: same crystalline structure directly
Page 98 and 99: Another important aspect of the pre
Page 100 and 101:
a + CO 2 CH 4 C 2 H 6 b CH 4 in sII
Page 102 and 103:
REFERENCES Collett, T.S. and Kuuskr
Page 104 and 105:
Figure 1. Physiographic and crust m
Page 106 and 107:
Figure 3. Seismic profile showing s
Page 108 and 109:
Figure 7. Distribution of echo char
Page 110 and 111:
Figure 10. Seismic profile and its
Page 112 and 113:
In the early stage of back-arc open
Page 114 and 115:
PART II COALBED METHANE (CBM)
Page 116 and 117:
Supply and demand infrastructure of
Page 118 and 119:
Amisan, Jogyeri, Baegunsa, and Seon
Page 120 and 121:
PROPERTIES OF ANTHRACITE The coals
Page 122 and 123:
Table 4. Average chemical compositi
Page 124 and 125:
CONCLUSIONS 1. Most of the coals em
Page 126 and 127:
INTRODUCTION Coal (total reserves 2
Page 128 and 129:
ีีีีีีีีี ั ิ
Page 130 and 131:
RESULTS By Government: The outcomes
Page 132 and 133:
The gas composition (12 samples ana
Page 134 and 135:
Table 4. Coal Depth Interval Hole N
Page 136 and 137:
The results of studies made on 11 c
Page 138 and 139:
CONCLUSION CBM is still hoped to be
Page 140 and 141:
The Government of Indonesia through
Page 142 and 143:
The Berau basin is a major coal pro
Page 144 and 145:
PP: CBM - 1 Rambutan (GOI Sponsor)
Page 146 and 147:
Overview of Project for CO 2 Seques
Page 148 and 149:
The organic geochemistry research g
Page 150 and 151:
3.5 25 3.0 20 Ar(%) C O 2(%) 2.5 2
Page 152 and 153:
20 8 10 0 6 δ13C of CO2(‰) -10 -
Page 154 and 155:
Figure 1. Index map of Akabira Coal
Page 156:
ORIGIN OF AKABIRA CBM In Akabira mi
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