gas hydrate - CCOP

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CONCLUSION CBM is still hoped to be one of the alternative sources for Thailand. The partially inconclusive results of previous projects argue for more assistance from CCOP to improve the following technical areas: • Drilling technology • Well completion to collect the gas, well testing – water pumping, injection • Sample collection to ensure gas capture • Laboratory testing • Reserves calculation REFERENCES: Atop Technology Co., Ltd., 2002: Final Report on Coal Field Assessment and Management Plan, Area as Prescribed by Section No. 6(2) of Mineral Act: Coal Exploration and Assessment Project, DMR, 387 p. CEP, 1993, Coal Exploration Report in Mae Tha Basin on Fiscal Year 1989: DMR, 89 pp. Department of Geological Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 2003, Coalbed methaneasses sment Mae Lamao basin, Tak province, submitted to Department of Mineral Fuels (i n Thai). Department of Geological Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 2004, Coalbed methane assessment Mae Lamao basin, Tak province, submitted to Department of Mineral Fuels (in Thai). Department of Mineral Resources, 2001, Groundwater map manual book: Changwat Tak, Prepared by Atop Technology Company Limited (in Thai). DMR, 2001, Geology of Thailand in The Commemoration for His Majesty the King Bhumipol Adulyadeaj on His Sixth Cycle Birthday Anniversary, December 5, 1999: DMR, MOI, 556 p. GMT Corporation, Co., Ltd., 1997, Final Report on Coal Exploration and Assessment on Mae Tha Basin, Changwat Lampang: Coal Exploration and Assessment Project, DMR, 114 p. Lertsin Raksasakulwongs and et al., 2000, Late Cenozoic of Thailand in Geology and Mineral Resources of Thailand Symposium: DMR, December 20-21, 2000, pp. 41-46. MSTE, 1996, Waste Water Control Criteria for Industrial Works and Industrial Estate: Ministry Announcement No. 3. MOI, 1999, Drinking Water Quality Criteria: Ministry Announcement for Groundwater (Act No. 2) B.E. 2535. Phumi Srisuwan and Wuthipongs Khongphetsak, 2003, Remote Sensing Interpretation and Coal Geology of Mae Tha Basin, Changwat Lampang: Bureau of Petroleum Technology, DMF, 26 p. Sin Sinsakul, 2000, Cenozoic in Geology and Mineral Resources of Thailand Symposium: DMR, December 20-21, 2000, pp 59-73. Suranaree University of Technology, 2004, Final report Coalbed Methane Assessment Mae T ha basin, Lampang province (in Thai). Suwat Tiyaphairatch and Thinakorn Mahaphum, 1991, Report on Geology and Quaternary Geology for Map Sheet Changwat Lampang, 4945IV: Geological Survey Division, DMR, 89 p. GMT Corporation Limited, 1996, Final report on survey and assessment of coal in Mae Lamao basin, Tak province (in Thai). Hacque bard, P.A., 2002, Potential coalbedmethane resource in Atlantic Canada : International Journal of Coal Geology 52, P.3–28. 142 New Energy Resources in the CCOP Region - Gas Hydrates and Coalbed Methane
CBM Development in Indonesia Hadi Purnomo Research and Development Centre for Oil and Gas Technology “LEMIGAS”, Indonesia ABSTRACT: In the last decade, gas demand in Indonesia and its surrounding region has increased significantly as a result of the growing energy needs of newly developed industries. However, natural gas reserves are limited and there have been few discoveries of significant new reserves. Thus there is a need to develop alternative gas sources to meet the increasing demand. One of the most prospective alternative gas sources in Indonesia is Coalbed Methane. Recent studies have identified approximately 450 TCF of prospective CBM resources within eleven onshore coal basins in Indonesia including the South Sumatra, Kutai and Barito Basina. The potential of CBM, therefore, is clearly promising for increasing national gas reserves in the near future and the development of CBM should bring great economic, social and ecological benefits. The Government of Indonesia (GOI) supports the development of CBM and has initiated the first pilot project for CBM exploration in the Rambutan Field (South Sumatera). The aim is to establish CBM as a clean, environmentally safe energy source that can be developed primarily to fulfill domestic markets. The CBM pilot project will be completed by the end of year 2007. If the exploration is successful, the first contract for CBM development is expected to be signed in year 2009 and the production target for CBM of 1 - 1.5 BSCFD, representing 1 - 2% of the total energy consumption of Indonesia, is expected to be reached in year 2025. In order to support the growth of CBM business in Indonesia, the government of Indonesia has issued regulations for CBM development and the contractual terms and conditions for CBM Development are now being formulated and for issue in the near future. INTRODUCTION Energy plays an important role in many aspects of human life and in achieving national development goals. The availability of energy, in term of sufficient quantity and acceptable quality at affordable prices, stimulates many economic activities. As a developing country, with an increasing population, Indonesia’s energy demands have increased rapidly, growing by an average of 7% per year. Recently, about 54% of Indonesia’s energy is derived from oil, with the remainder from gas (27%), coal (14%) and other resources (5%). Although the demand for fossil fuel remains high, the reserves of fossil fuel are limited. Thus the need to restructure Indonesia’s domestic energy strategy in order to cope with the rapid growth in consumption poses a real and urgent challenge for the government. There is a dire need to diversify and increase the use of alternative and renewable energy resources in order to reduce the reliance on oil. New Energy Resources in the CCOP Region - Gas Hydrates and Coalbed Methane 143
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Coordinating Committee for Geoscien
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Thematic Session on New Energy Reso
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CONTENTS Page OPENING REMARKS……
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OPENING REMARKS by Chen Shik Pei Di
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WELCOME ADDRESS by Tai-Sup Lee Pres
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WELCOME ADDRESS by Keun-Pil Park Di
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CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS by David Pri
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PART I GAS HYDRATE: EXPLORATION, RE
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Partial differential equations for
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the follo
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REFERENCES Berner R. A. (1980) Earl
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features of the seabed than those o
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secure the stability of the solutio
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trends depending on the following f
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Organic carbon in sediments is of i
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Sedimentological and Geochemical As
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Figure 3. Sedimentation rate of the
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Marine Gas Hydrate off W. Canada an
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Several methods for computing the Q
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0.035 0.03 Amplitude 0.025 0.02 0.0
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60 50 Amplitude 40 30 20 10 0 0 50
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REFERENCES Dallimore, S.R. and T.S.
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Frequency % 20 16 12 8 HAMA #5, MV=
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Figure 3. Experimental procedures f
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Figure 7 shows two cases of the com
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Seismic Characteristics of Gas Hydr
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Purpose The purpose of this paper i
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The dissociation zone created by th
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hydrate that forms near the wellbor
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dissociation, composite thermal con
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Figure 9. The Advanced Light Source
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Experimental Studies and Developmen
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Natural gas hydrate exploitation an
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Natural gas Free gas layer Figure 5
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Figure 7. One-dimensional developme
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Temper at ur e 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
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From the above discussion, the heat
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INTRODUCTION Clathrate hydrates are
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MATHEMATICAL MODEL The mathematical
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Where the hydrate-aqueous radius of
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REFERENCES Brooks, R.H., and A.T. C
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86 New Energy Resources in the CCOP
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In this paper, an overview of the M
Page 88 and 89: The brief tasks in the Phase I are:
Page 90 and 91: In "Development of the dissociation
Page 92 and 93: Figure 5. Preparation equipment. AN
Page 94 and 95: Other recent research subjects in t
Page 96 and 97: same crystalline structure directly
Page 98 and 99: Another important aspect of the pre
Page 100 and 101: a + CO 2 CH 4 C 2 H 6 b CH 4 in sII
Page 102 and 103: REFERENCES Collett, T.S. and Kuuskr
Page 104 and 105: Figure 1. Physiographic and crust m
Page 106 and 107: Figure 3. Seismic profile showing s
Page 108 and 109: Figure 7. Distribution of echo char
Page 110 and 111: Figure 10. Seismic profile and its
Page 112 and 113: In the early stage of back-arc open
Page 114 and 115: PART II COALBED METHANE (CBM)
Page 116 and 117: Supply and demand infrastructure of
Page 118 and 119: Amisan, Jogyeri, Baegunsa, and Seon
Page 120 and 121: PROPERTIES OF ANTHRACITE The coals
Page 122 and 123: Table 4. Average chemical compositi
Page 124 and 125: CONCLUSIONS 1. Most of the coals em
Page 126 and 127: INTRODUCTION Coal (total reserves 2
Page 128 and 129: ีีีีีีีีี ั ิ
Page 130 and 131: RESULTS By Government: The outcomes
Page 132 and 133: The gas composition (12 samples ana
Page 134 and 135: Table 4. Coal Depth Interval Hole N
Page 136 and 137: The results of studies made on 11 c
Page 140 and 141: The Government of Indonesia through
Page 142 and 143: The Berau basin is a major coal pro
Page 144 and 145: PP: CBM - 1 Rambutan (GOI Sponsor)
Page 146 and 147: Overview of Project for CO 2 Seques
Page 148 and 149: The organic geochemistry research g
Page 150 and 151: 3.5 25 3.0 20 Ar(%) C O 2(%) 2.5 2
Page 152 and 153: 20 8 10 0 6 δ13C of CO2(‰) -10 -
Page 154 and 155: Figure 1. Index map of Akabira Coal
Page 156: ORIGIN OF AKABIRA CBM In Akabira mi
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