AN AUGURY OF REVOLUTION: THE IRANIAN STUDENT ...

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(above) Figure 17. Anti-shah students confront police during the shah’s November 1977 visit. Tear gas was used to subdue the demonstrators. Source: Linda Charlton, “Clashes and Tear Gas Mar Shah’s Welcome in Capital,” New York Times, 16 November 1977, p. 19. (below) Figure 18. The tear gas that was used on the group of Iranian students depicted above drifted over to the White House lawn, and caused Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter to cry. The tear gas later affected the shah and members of his entourage as well. Source: Linda Charlton, “Clashes and Tear Gas Mar Shah’s Welcome in Capital,” New York Times, 16 November 1977, p. 19. 156
(left) Figure 19. The battle lines are drawn; Anti-shah demonstrators line up on the near side Pennsylvania Ave. while pro-shah demonstrators stand on the lawn in front of the White House. Source: George Tames, “Carter Lauds Shah on his Leadership,” New York Times, 16 November 1977, p. A12. (right) Figure 20. Sadeq Qotbzadeh, one of the Iranian students from the early 1960s who led the ISAUS in an antishah direction, flying with Ayatollah Khomeini from Paris to Tehran in February 1979. Source: Carole Jerome, The Man in the Mirror: A True Inside Story of Revolution, Love and Treachery in Iran (London: Unwin Hyman Limited, 1987). 157
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AN AUGURY OF REVOLUTION: THE IRANIA
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ABSTRACT The Iranian student moveme
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many peop
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION AND HISTOR
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a blank check to purchase any non-n
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and collective confrontation of ill
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The Iranian intelligentsia that bec
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man.” 20 More and more Iranians h
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developments took place during the
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7,610 students. 39 James Bill ackno
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the potential to provide an alterna
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ole that the United States was assu
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and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ret
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Mosaddeq was soft on communism, res
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decade. Inequality, imperialism, co
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Iranian Students.” 77 Fereydoun H
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visit he made from the early 1960s
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Iranian general recalled that when
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epresented a wide variety of politi
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Iranian student protests in the ear
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government. 114 Information from th
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“Their message was clear: Don’t
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on six issues. Land reform was one
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Roosevelt of California. 143 Faribo
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a group of picketing Iranian studen
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progressive-mindedness that charact
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embarrassing to the United States G
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Throughout Kennedy’s presidency,
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of an impossible leader - - by enli
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The shah saw Iranian students abroa
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people. Show the Shah that you cond
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warned the Iranian students that th
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Iranian students under warning from
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people whether they were themselves
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unprecedented, with the exception o
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ecause they were active members and
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youth organizations such as the Fre
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approchement with the Soviet Union
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Iranian students in the United Stat
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condemnation of American imperialis
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quarterly publication of the ISAUS,
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States. When Bunting asked if the g
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the police used four water cannons
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With the trip postponed, the briefi
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diplomats in Tehran noted that they
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the modernization of education thre
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The shah made his last visit to the
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intimately involved in the U.S. cou
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CHAPTER IV - THE RADICALIZATION OF
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and networking with western student
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Marxists had taken place.” 393 Fo
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Demonstrations occurred in Iran tha
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agents in the Iranian Embassy in Wa
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student movement abroad was by far
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The group ended up receiving cots f
Page 113 and 114: were the result of high unemploymen
Page 115 and 116: egan to give the wrong people hairc
Page 117 and 118: opportunities for the CIS and well-
Page 119 and 120: with a group of Iranian students fr
Page 121 and 122: same day the lavish ceremonies were
Page 123 and 124: For the rest of the shah’s rule,
Page 125 and 126: question the nature of American inv
Page 127 and 128: over.” 499 As a result of a possi
Page 129 and 130: Even though Jimmy Carter used human
Page 131 and 132: augury stretched far beyond that on
Page 133 and 134: percent were inspired by communism.
Page 135 and 136: etaliatory response to the hostages
Page 137 and 138: did not desire the establishment of
Page 139 and 140: further radicalized the opposition.
Page 141 and 142: Douglas, William O. The Court Years
Page 143 and 144: Sick, Gary. All Fall Down: America
Page 145 and 146: Demonstrate: Tuesday, Sept. 1st, 4:
Page 147 and 148: SECONDARY SOURCES Abrahamian, Ervan
Page 149 and 150: Dixon, David and Shirin Hakimzadeh.
Page 151 and 152: Heineman, Kenneth J. Campus Wars: T
Page 153 and 154: McAlister, Melani. Epic Encounters:
Page 155 and 156: Von Dirke, Sabine. “All Power to
Page 157 and 158: (above) Figure 3. Ali Mohammad Fate
Page 159 and 160: (above) Figure 8. Heading of demons
Page 161 and 162: (above) Figure 12. Masked Iranian s
Page 163: (below) Figure16. Front page of ISA
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