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Brown, W.G. 1965. “Frost Heave in Ice Rinks and Cold Storage Buildings.” Canadian Building Digest. CBD-61, Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, January. . Burch, D.M., C.A. Saunders, and A. TenWolde. 1995. Manufactured Housing Walls That Provide Satisfactory Moisture Performance in All Climates. Report No. NISTIR- 5558, National Institutre of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA, January, 36 p. Burn, K.N. 1976. “Frost Action and Foundations.” Canadian Building Digest. CBD-182, Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario, November, 6 p. < http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/pubs/cbd/cbd182_e.html>. Carlson, A.R. 1996.” Thermal and Vapor Performance of Insulated Assemblies.” Pp. 384-397 in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cold Regions Engineering, Fairbanks, Alaska. CHBA (Canadian Home Builders’ Association). 2001. Builders’ Manual. Canadian Home Builders’ Association, August 2001 Edition. 404 p. . CMHC (Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation). 1990-1. “Crawl Space Ventilation and Moisture Control in British Columbia Houses.” Research & Development Highlights, Technical Series No. 90-231, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, 4 p. ———. 1990-2. “Air Tightness, Air Movement and Indoor Air Quality in British Columbia High-Rise Apartment Buildings.” Research & Development Highlights, Technical Series No. 90-232, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, 4 p. ———. 1991-1. Investigation of Crawl Space Ventilation and Moisture Control Strategies for B.C. Houses. Final report, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, June, 28 p. ———. 1991-2. “Appendices.” Investigation of Crawl Space Ventilation and Moisture Control Strategies for B.C. Houses. Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, June, 28 p. ———. 1991-3. Indoor Air Quality Survey of North West Territories Housing. Final Report, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, March. ———. 1993. “Moisture in Canadian Wood-Frame House Construction Problems, Research and Practice from 1975-1991.” Research & Development Highlights, Technical Series No. 93-214, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa. Ontario, K1A 0P7. PERD-079: Task 2 - <strong>Literature</strong> <strong>Review</strong> 100
———. 1994-1. “Designing House Envelopes for the North.” Technical Series 94-203, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, the Northern Research and Technology in Housing (NoRTH) Web site. 6 p. . ———. 1994-2. “Design Assessment of Super-Insulated Houses in the Keewatin District of the Northwest Territories.” Technical Series 94-202, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, the Northern Research and Technology in Housing (NoRTH) Web site. 7 p. . ———. 1994-3. “Hay River Energy Efficient Housing Project.” Technical Series 94-205, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, the Northern Research and Technology in Housing (NoRTH) Web site. 2 p. . ———. 1998-1. “Crawl Spaces: How to Avoid Moisture and Soil Problems.” Research Report, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, October, 7 p. ———. 1998-2. “Survey of Building Envelope Failures in the Coastal Climate of British Columbia.” Research Highlights, Technical Series 98-102, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, 4 p. . ———.1999-1. “Best Practice Guide: Wood-Frame Envelopes.” Building Technology, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7. ———.1999-2. “Quality by Design: A Quality Assurance Protocol for Wood-Frame Building Envelopes in British Columbia.” Research Highlights, Technical Series No. 99-103, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, 2 p. ———. 1999-3. “Comparative Analysis of Residential Construction in Seattle, WA. and Vancouver, B.C.” Research Highlights, Technical Series No. 99-111, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7, 2 p. ———. 2001. “Best Practice Guide: Wood-Frame Envelopes in the Coastal Climate of British Columbia.” Building Technology, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7. ———.2001-2003. North Series. About Your House. Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 700 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P7. The link to the complete North Series is . North Series # 1 Building with Structural Panels Repulse Bay North Series # 2 On-Site Wastewater Reclamation Systems for the North [Note: not listed on the URL site] North Series # 3 Snowshoe Inn, Fort Providence Co-Generation Model North Series # 4 Residential Foundation Systems for Permafrost Regions PERD-079: Task 2 - <strong>Literature</strong> <strong>Review</strong> 101
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http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Task 2: <
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DISCLAIMER This report presents a r
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3. Heating, Ventilation, and Energy
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List of Acronyms ach Air changes pe
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Executive Summary Canada’s region
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to 24 in.) in areas below the tree
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1. Introduction Background Canada
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Moisture Issues: Wood Frame Constru
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of Alaska museum where RH was 45%.
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Let Z w is warm side vapour resista
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c) Proposed Wall # 2 b) Proposed Wa
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Canada Mortgage and Housing Corpora
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Upgraded Thermal & Air Tightness Wa
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Single Stud Walls with Interior Str
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Standoff wall system Source: CHBA (
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• polyethylene air/vapour barrier
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Building Envelopes: Northern Canada
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• Climate: The Arctic climate in
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• Plumbing system: To solve conde
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• The SIP house required 264 hour
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• The attached sunspace did not p
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this case, a means of venting the r
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• High energy and transportation
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as well as at high altitudes, where
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Foundation construction in the perm
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oof assemblies, because the roof de
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• The roofing membrane, air/vapou
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• the coasts and islands with the
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Maritime Climate Indigenous Archite
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example, in cold climates, the comf
Page 61 and 62: Globally, domes constructed with ai
Page 63 and 64: time limitations existed for the bu
Page 65 and 66: Pier Foundation System Brooks (2000
Page 67 and 68: Kwok et al. (1992, 1993) also used
Page 69 and 70: Composite-Wrapped Concrete Column K
Page 71 and 72: consumption and CO 2 emissions asso
Page 73 and 74: healthy, sustainable, durable, and
Page 75 and 76: Triple-glazed windows (about RSI-0.
Page 77 and 78: The building envelope is airtight a
Page 79 and 80: Maximum annual heating requirement
Page 81 and 82: Energy Performance During the first
Page 83 and 84: Roof framing Roof insulation Air ti
Page 85 and 86: Table 8 compares R-values and air t
Page 87 and 88: in.) diameter, it appears quite whi
Page 89 and 90: • an equivalent thermal transmitt
Page 91 and 92: 3. Heating, Ventilation, and Energy
Page 93 and 94: Locations that Work Well For buildi
Page 95 and 96: District Heating Considerations Arm
Page 97 and 98: • Particulates: the measured leve
Page 99 and 100: 4. Socio-Economic Issues The Vegeta
Page 101 and 102: concentrated in a few integrated sp
Page 103 and 104: Snow drifting patterns, winds, temp
Page 105 and 106: Thermally Upgraded Wall Systems Thi
Page 107 and 108: Coastal Northern Regions For high-m
Page 109 and 110: Appendix A: Literature</str
Page 111: References Note: Unless otherwise i
Page 115 and 116: Diakun, D. 1997. “Portfolio: Nort
Page 117 and 118: Legget, R.F. and C.B. Crawford. 196
Page 119 and 120: , then select “Volume 2, 1999-200
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