Lightweight Concrete for High Strength - Expanded Shale & Clay

support and point of load application. Spalling of concrete from the top surface was evidence of
crushing in the deck. Figure 5.13 shows a typical load deflection curve.
In all cases of flexural failure, the AASHTO rectangular stress block technique
conservatively predicted the ultimate moment. The average ratio of experimental to predicted
moment strength was 1.08 for both the G1 and G2 girders.
Test
#
Table 5.6 Overview of Experimental Results
Failure
Type
Crushing
Status
of
Deck
Cracking
Moment
M cr
Ultimate
Moment
M ult
Max
Deck
Strain
ε cu
(in/in)
Max
Strand
Strain
ε ps
(in/in)
(ft-kips) (ft-kips)
G1A-E FL/SH-SL Crushed 1224 1836 0.0038 0.0158
G1A-W FL Crushed 1109 1844 0.0042 0.0168
G1A-C SH Not Crushed 1064 1671 0.0029 0.0086
G1B-E SH-SL Not Crushed 1133 1578 0.0033 0.0078
G1B-W FL Crushed 1109 1840 0.0032 0.0190
G1B-C SH/FL Crushed 1188 1774 0.0039 0.0107
G1C-E SH-SL/FL Crushed 1155 1796 0.0032 0.0113
G1C-W FL Crushed 1145 1828 0.0036 0.0140
G1C-C FL Crushed 1142 1898 0.0049 0.0146
G2A-E FL Crushed 1220 1855 0.0036 0.0190
G2A-W FL Crushed 1176 1855 0.0072 0.0204
G2A-C SH Crushed 1124 1657 0.0086 0.0084
G2B-E FL Crushed 1110 1799 0.0082 0.0155
G2B-W FL Crushed 1124 1840 0.0064 0.0199
G2B-C SH/FL Crushed 1210 1869 0.0035 0.0122
G2C-E FL Crushed 1079 1870 0.0045 0.0228
G2C-W FL Crushed 1094 1793 0.0049 0.0198
G2C-C FL Crushed 1219 1885 0.0089 0.0215
G1 Avg 1141 1785 0.0037 0.0132
G2 Avg 1151 1824 0.0062 0.0177
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