Seed Health Management for Better Productivity - Govind Ballabh ...

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(Seed Health Management for Better Productivity)B. Cucurbits HybridsCucurbitsMuskmelonWatermelonCucumberBottle gourdBitter gourdSummer squashPumpkinHybrid varietyMHY-5, Pusa Rasraj, Punjab Hybrid-1, MHY-3, MHL-10, DMH-4Arka Jyoti, RHRWH-12Hybrid No.1, Pusa Sanyog, AAUC-1, AAUC-2NDBH-4, Pusa Manjari, Pusa Hybrid-2, NDBGH-7, Kashi Bahar,Azad Sankar-1Pusa hybrid, NBGH-167, RHRBGH-1Pusa AlankarPusa Hybrid-1, NDPKH-1Seed Production TechniquesClimateMost of cucurbits require long period of warm preferably dry weather for successful growth.They do not withstand even light frost. A warm period of 120-150 days is essential. Generally 21-30° C temperature is favorable for proper growth and development.Land RequirementLand should be free from volunteer plants and soil should be well drained and aerated.Cucurbits can be grown in almost any fertile and well drained soil. For early maturity, the light soilsuch as sandy loam or silt loam is best however for high yield heavy soil is preferred.IsolationCucurbits are cross pollinated in nature and cross pollination is done by insect. For pureseed production an isolation distance all around the seed field is required to separate it from thefield of other varieties, field of some varieties not confirming varietal purity and from wild cucurbitspecies. An isolation distance of 800 m. for foundation, 400 m. for certified andhybrid seed production should be maintained.Sowing TimeSeed RateNorth- Summer-Jan-Feb, Kharif-July-Aug.South-Oct-Nov1500 m. forS.N. Name of Crop Seed rate (kg/h.) Distance1. Bitter Gourd 4.0-6.0 Hills are prepared at proper spacing by2. Bottle Gourd 3.5-6.0 adding organic matter and 3-4 seed per3. Cucumber 2.0-3.5 hills are sown. 1.5-2.5 cm depth is4. Water Melon 3.0-7.0 optimum. 9 inches deep furrows are5. Ridge gourd 3.0-5.0 made at proper spacing. Seeds sown on6. Sponge Gourd 3.5-5.0 ridge of furrows either on one side or7. Musk Melon 2.5-3.5 bottom.8. Snake Gourd 5.0-6.09. Ash Gourd 5.0-7.010. Pumpkin 5.0-8.011. Squash 8.0-10.012. Long Melon 2.5-3.5- 86 -
(Seed Health Management for Better Productivity)Manure and FertilizersIn general practice 30-35 tons well rotten organic manure per hectare is added at land preparationtime. In addition to this following chemical fertilizer may be addedHybrid Seed-Why F 1 Hybrids?Crop N (kg) P(kg) K (kg)Water melon 80 60 60Cucumber & Musk Melon 60 50 50Other cucurbits 60 30 30In general, hybrids offer opportunities for improvement in:1. Productivity2. Earliness3. Uniformity4. Quality5. Deployment of dominant genes conferring resistance to diseases and pests6. Adaptability7. High prices for seed producers8. Built-in-exclusivity conferred by the ownership and maintenance of the parent lines of asuccessful hybrid.Hybrid Seed: Current Status1. Hybrids are considered as one of the most important ingredients to achieve current statusof vegetable production in world scenario.2. Hayes and Jones (1916) first suggested the exploitation of heterosis in vegetable crops.3. F 1 hybrid eggplants were used at commercial scale in Japan since 1925.4. First report of hybrid vigor flashed at national level by IARI in chilli during 1933.5. First hybrid of bottle gourd “Pusa Meghdoot” in 1971 and after two years in 1973 hybrids ofsummer squash (Pusa Alankar) and cucumber (Pusa Sanyog) were developed.6. Beginning of hybrid research persuaded private sector under taking and Indo-AmericanHybrid Seed Company released hybrids of tomato “Karnataka” and capsicum “Bharat” in1973 for commercial cultivation7. Introduction of new seed policy declared in 1988.8. ICAR New Delhi started big programme “Promotion of Hybrid Research in VegetableCrops” during 1995.9. Important private companies conducting research in vegetable include M/S Indo-Americanhybrid Seed Co., Namdhari Seed Pvt. Ltd., Ankur Seed, Syngenta India Ltd., BeejoSheetal, MAHYCO, Nunhems, Pro-Agro Seeds, Century Seeds, New Delhi.Steps in Hybrid Seed Production‣ Production of inbred parental lines.‣ Testing for combining ability (GCA and SCA).- 87 -
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potential. An improvement in qualit
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9. Session Arrangement CommitteeDr.
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9. Dr. Pradip Kumar BorahSr. Scient
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TRAININGONANNEXURE-IIISEED HEALTH M
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ANNEXURE-IVCENTRE OF ADVANCED STUDI
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SundayApril 6MondayApril 7TuesdayAp
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TuesdayApril 15WednesdayApril 16Thu
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