directing, documentary directing, screen writing, editing, producing, sounddesign,cinematography, production design, and interactive multimedia/visual effects.o The Reinwardt Academy prepares students for a career in cultural heritage. It hostsabout 500 students. Teachers are closely related to the working field; museums andother cultural heritage institutes. There is an advisory committee representing theworking field, which advises on the curriculum.o De Theatre school is a faculty of the <strong>Amsterdam</strong> School of the Arts. It consists ofthree departments: Dance, Theatre and Theatre technology and production. Thedepartment of dance schools houses performing dancers, choreographers and danceteachers. The Theatre technology and production department has three courses:Theatre technology, Production and stage management and Scenography. Within thedepartment of Theatre students are educated in theatre directors, actors, acting andcabaret, mime player or theatre teacher. The school has approximately 450 studentsand 250 teachers and employees• The Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten is a unique institution in the <strong>Netherlands</strong>. It offersa ‘global made in Holland’ platform through a research residency for artists. In 2007 57artists were placed at the Rijksakademie. They were provided with residency, technicalworkshops, a centre for knowledge exchange and a platform for the presentation of theirwork. It also offers the Prix de Rome prize, a state prize for artists and architects under 35year. In 2009 the prize celebrates its 200 th birthday. The third task is the management ofcollections. Archiving, taking care of libraries and artists’ collections generates knowledge onthe development of artists and their artistic practice. This knowledge is made available to abroad and ‘highly cultured’ public. In 2007 the annual budget of the Rijksakademie was EUR5.8 million, 85% of which is funded through a subsidy from the Ministry of Education andCulture. The remaining part of the budget is financed through a Trust fund and ad hocfundraising.All these schools are listed as UASs, but the humanities faculties of the universities maintainclose contacts with the UASs in the cultural sector and so aid scientific research in this field.5.3.1.3 SportsBoth VU and UvA and HvA jointly operate a sports center for their students. The centers offer awide range of facilities from indoor sports to football and rowing. The facilities are open to thecommunity at large and are not restricted to student use.5.4 Environmental sustainability5.4.1 Economic importanceThe issue of environmental sustainability is like social and cultural development a janus-facedsubject for HEIs in the sense that it embodies goals with an intrinsic value like a clean livingenvironment, but also represents a trend with opportunities for economic development. Thisexplains the emergence of sustainability on the regional innovation agenda’s in <strong>Amsterdam</strong> asone of the promising economic sectors. However, a cluster of this kind deviates from other typeof economic activities because there is no homogeneous product or service bearing the labelsustainability. It is much more a heterogeneous set of activities linked by a common theme,sustainable development. This characteristic makes it difficult to speak of a cluster of interrelatedeconomic activities, which explains the lack of statistical data measuring its economic size anddevelopment (see also Gemeente <strong>Amsterdam</strong> et al. 2008: 15).This being said, a recent study commissioned by the City Community of <strong>Amsterdam</strong> and theChamber of Commerce finds that approximately 1/3 of the firms in the <strong>Amsterdam</strong> metropolitanarea is involved in one aspect or another of sustainable development. It is estimated that theeconomic volume of the sustainability cluster in this area measures EUR 33 billion per annum.112
This would equal one quarter of the total regional economy (Gemeente <strong>Amsterdam</strong> et al., 2008:23). The report identifies a list of 270 companies that can be considered forerunners in sustainabledevelopment. Surprisingly, the share of corporations in the sector ‘education and research’ is justa meager 3%, ‘advice’ another 11%. This would indicate that there is still a world to conquer forthe <strong>Amsterdam</strong> HEIs in the field of sustainable development.5.4.1.1 The role for scientific researchThe HEIs are trying to open up this field, but their efforts are not well coordinated. The VU is aforerunner among the HEIs with its Institute for Environmental Studies (Instituut voorMilieuvraagstukken, IVM). This is the oldest environmental research institute in the <strong>Netherlands</strong>.Its purpose is to contribute to sustainable development and care for the environment throughscientific research and teaching. The institute has repeatedly been evaluated as the best Dutchresearch group in this field. IVM’s research community of about 100 scientists and support staffaddresses challenging environmental problems and offers both pragmatic and innovativesolutions. The VU also hosts a Climate Center, which started in 2007 and combines expertise inthe area of climate change. The Centre for International Cooperation (CIS) of the VU specializesin management and conservation of natural resources in rural areas of the developing nations.Further the VU offers sustainability as part of many courses on bachelor and master level.The UvA likewise has several focal points in research related to sustainable development. Thisconcerns for example the law faculty with a specialization in environmental law (Centrum voormilieurecht). The <strong>Amsterdam</strong> Institute for metropolitan and International Development Studiesalso has many research themes related to sustainability. The UvA holding also hosts IVAM, aconsultancy and research organization for sustainability. IVAM focuses on many areas ofsustainable development like energy transition processes, sustainable urban development andclean processes for consumption and production. Further, there is cooperation between thescience faculty of the UvA and the city community in developing urban ecology as a scientifictheme. The faculty hosts many other research programs related to this topic such as watermanagement and sustainable chemistry. Research supports a broad array of courses in sustainabletopics. To cite one example, the <strong>Amsterdam</strong> business school offers research and education insustainable management. UvA also offers a bachelor in Future Planet Studies.Example: New Energy DocksUvA and VU are both supporting New Energy Docks. This organization connects science withother stakeholders in the field of sustainable development such as several large firms in the region(Shell), the Kenniskring, the <strong>Amsterdam</strong>se Innovatiemotor and the city community. The aim is tosupport sustainable development through the exchange of knowledge, support for regionaleconomic development and entrepreneurship. The latter goal is realized by means of an incubator.New Energy Docks is heavily involved in the urban development of the Northern IJ shore. Itoffers programs to support entrepreneurship in sustainable development in this specificneighborhood. It also provides knowledge to planning agencies and the social housingassociations which are currently undertaken large scale housing renovations in this area. NewEnergy Docks aims to develop a new building for sustainable development initiatives which mustbecome an icon for sustainability in terms of material use and energy efficiency.New Energy Docks is a formal organization with an executive board and a board of overseers.See www.newenergydocks.nl5.4.1.2 Sustainability in the internal organizationAll HEIs have special programs to support sustainable management in the internal organization.For the UvA this is a priority, both in research but also for its internal affairs. It aims to profile theuniversity as a sustainable organization. This is achieved through distinct goals. The universityhas for example signed the third national convenant for energy-efficiency (MJA-3) which obliges113
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Please cite this paper as:SEO Econo
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2.3 Higher education and the labor
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6.3 Mechanisms to promote regional
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Table 4-4: Completion rates of diff
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LSCA Life Sciences Center Amsterdam
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such as regional authorities and th
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1. OVERVIEW OF THE REGION1.1 Introd
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the southEastern part of Amsterdam
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elatively bad accessibility of the
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metropolitan area exceeded that of
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egion suffer from one of the follow
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Figure 1-7: Dropouts secondary educ
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Figure 1-9: Employment in Amsterdam
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high-tech sectors is relatively hig
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1.4.4 Labor market indicatorsTable
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The central government is responsib
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implemented. There is also an admin
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2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGHER EDU
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Source: MinOCW (2007a: 68), EU (199
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(ibid: 83). In part, this new syste
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Table 2-1: Student enrolment at UAS
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Figure 2-5: Students at universitie
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Figure 2-6: Participation in tertia
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also show a continued high demand f
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not receive funding from the govern
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of diplomas awarded and the number
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decision is up to the HEI itself. I
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Figure 3-1: Components of an innova
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3.2.3 National funding frameworkThe
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challenge for the years to come wil
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Figure 3-3: R&D expenditures in Noo
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GLOSSARYBologna DeclarationForeign