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POTENTIAL OF LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES:A POSSIBILITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT?81the main course with nearly every meal. Traditionaltrancam consists of several chopped vegetables, forexample petai, petai cina, kacang panjang, taoge(sprout), bunga turi (sesbania grandiflora L.), kencur(kaempferia galangal L.) etc., mixed with chili, redonion, garlic and scraped coconut. All the vegetableshave anti-diabetes qualities. This dish is still popularbut nowadays there is less diversity of vegetables.The Hinduistic Bali:Balinese traditional medicine originates in large part inHindu traditions. The knowledge can be found inbooks made of palm leaves called usada (concerningtraditional medicine mostly using plants) and tutur ortatwa (concerning miracle alphabets and philosophy).A person who uses the knowledge in usada to cureothers is called a balien usada. A person will be strongand healthy when all elements in the body are in goodbalance. There are three controlling elements; vata(wind), pitta (fire), and kapha (water).Everything in the cosmos, including diseases andmedicines to cure them, is created by God. Diseasescan be hot, cold or neutral. Medicines are also hot orwarm, cold, or neutral.Three gods control disease. Hot diseases and medicinewith hot characteristics are under the supervision ofBrahma. Wisnu supervises cold diseases and medicineswith cold characteristics. Iswara takes care of neutraldiseases and medicines with neutral characteristics.Many plants with white, yellow or green flowers have ahot characteristic. Many plants with red and bluecolors have a cold characteristic. Other plants withflowers of other colors are not hot and not cold.Balinese traditional medicine also includes knowledgeof how to balance food by combinations of manyplants and vegetables.Balinese food consists of many ingredients, or basa.Basa come in many types and are found in holy booksor in the heritage of a village or family. For example,there is basa gede (big set of ingredients), basa wangi(fragrant base ingredients), basa manis (sweet baseingredients), basa genep (delicious base of ingredientsor enough ingredients to be delicious), basa intuk(ingredients which are prepared by pounding), basaulig (ingredients which are prepared by grinding), basarajang (ingredients which are prepared by choppingthoroughly), basa be sampi (ingredients set for cookingbeef), basa be siap (ingredients set for cookingchicken), basa be pasih (ingredients set for cookingseafood), basa jukut (ingredients set for cookingvegetables) etc. To prepare Balinese food, the veryimportant thing is to know how to prepare and usebasa.The Work of the 2010/2011 API Fellows
82 Panel 2Ingredients / Type of basaBasagedeBasawangiBasamanisBasagenepBasaintukBasauligBasarajangBasabe sampiBasabe siapBasabe pasihSalt / / / / / / / / / /Shallot / / / / / / / / / /Garlic / / / / / / / / / /Red chili / / / / / / / /Kencur / / / / / / / /Palm sugar / / / / /Ginger / / / / / / /Galangal / / / / / / / /Turmeric / / / / / / / /Candle nut / / / / / / /Lemongrass / / / / / / / /Salam leaves / / / / / / / /Shrimp paste / / / / / /Lemon leaves / / / /Black pepper / / / /White pepper / / / /Coriander seeds / / / / /Cumin / Ginten / / / /Ginten cemeng leaves / /Bird chili / / / / / /Cloves / /Nutmeg / /Sesame/ Wijen / /Jangur / / /Shampoo Ginger/ Lempuyang / / /Kaffir lime/ Jeruk purut / /Cinnamon / /Honey / /Burned coconut / /Simbukanleaves / /Basa wangi / / /BasajukutTable 13: Table shows components found in some basa.Wise adaptation of local and traditional wisdom isessentialAround 50 years ago the only kind of gudeg availablewas the wet type normally prepared and eaten byfamilies. Dry gudeg then grew popular as it is easy totransport. It has become commercialized and is part ofYogyakarta’s identity. The marketing of gudeg is agood example of how a local and traditional food cansurvive in the modern era. It is also a clear example ofhow a local wisdom allied to health has given way toeconomic forces.Traditional Food, Traditional Medicine, and allAspects of Local Wisdom are Parts of a CultureA culture has a strong foundation when it is aboutbehaviors that people share and understand. Personswho do not have a strong understanding of their owncultures are easily influenced by new ones. This leadsto a situation in which they have a firm footing inneither the old nor the new culture. Change can bringnew problems that are not easily solved because there isno support system. However, if a culture is strong,people can interact positively with a new culture. Thetraditional culture can survive if the changes are inThe Work of the 2010/2011 API Fellows
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CULTURE, POWER AND PRACTICES:THE GL
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viABOUT THE BOOKCULTURE, POWER AND
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viiiACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe API Coordin
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x(co-authored with Gunawan Wiradi,
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xiiSri Wahyuni is the director of t
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xivThe gap between rich and poor is
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xviand development mainly: Economy,
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xviiiIn closing, I would like to qu
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xxmovements to defend their rights,
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xxiicomplex relationships between f
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xxivIndonesian Academy of Social Sc
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MULTIPLE MODERNITIES: GLOBALIZATION
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MULTIPLE IDENTITIES VIA SPIRITUALIT
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FLUX AND FLOWS OF PEOPLE, POWER AND
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OPENING REMARKS AND OVERVIEWDr. Rat
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247There is also a massive movement
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249need to be looked at, as globali
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251Appendix IWorkshop ScheduleThe T
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25313:00 - 15:00 Concluding PanelCh
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255THAILANDAroon Puritat, Artist an
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257RAPPORTEURSGarry MorrisonMarian
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Communication, Education and Public
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261have used tourism as a mechanism
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263Panel 4: Multiple Modernities vi
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265out how Asian women politicians
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267CONTACT DETAILS (as of March 201
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