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Untitled - Api-fellowships.org

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MULTIPLE MODERNITIES: GLOBALIZATION IN ASIAN CONTEXT9Variables1. Lowerincomebelow RM300Table 4. Chi-square analysis of household income among five areas.2. Mid-lowincomeRM300-599Housheold monthly income per capita3. Mid-highincomeRM600-8994. Higherincome aboveRM900OverallFrequency % Frequency % Frequency % Frequency % Frequency %West coast (three areas)1.Kedah 10 25.0 13 32.50 5 12.5 12 30.0 40 100.02.Penang 5 11.9 8 19.05 14 33.3 15 35.7 42 100.03.Selangor 6 14.3 13 30.95 9 21.4 14 33.3 42 100.0Perason Chi-square 8.158East coast (two areas)1.Kelantan 17 45.9 8 21.6 7 18.9 5 13.5 37 100.02.Terengganu 12 29.3 15 36.6 5 12.2 9 22.0 41 100.0Perason Chi-square 4.275Tenant status1.Landlord (only in Kelantan) 17 45.9 8 21.6 7 18.9 5 13.5 37 100.02.Owner farmer 11 23.4 8 17.0 12 25.5 16 34.0 47 100.03.Owner tenant farmer 6 14.3 11 26.2 7 16.7 18 42.9 42 100.04.Tenant farmer 16 21.1 30 39.5 14 18.4 16 21.1 76 100.0Perason Chi-square 24.425 ***Farm size1.below 3.0acre 35 40.7 22 25.6 17 19.8 12 14.0 86 100.02.3.0-5.9acre 8 14.0 16 28.1 15 26.3 18 31.6 57 100.03.6.0-8.9acre 5 16.7 14 46.7 4 13.3 7 23.3 30 100.04.above 9.0acre 2 6.9 5 17.2 4 13.8 18 62.1 29 100.0Perason Chi-square 42.518 ***Age of household head1.below 40 years old 4 17.4 7 30.4 3 13.0 9 39.1 23 100.02.40-49 yeard old 4 20.6 27 39.7 11 16.2 16 23.5 68 100.03.50-59 years old 16 28.6 13 23.2 13 23.2 14 25.0 56 100.04.above 60 years old 16 29.1 10 18.2 13 23.6 16 29.1 55 100.0Perason Chi-square 10.839Education of household head1.No education and elementary 11 26.2 10 23.8 10 23.8 11 26.2 42 100.0( incomplete)2.Secondary school 14 29.8 11 23.4 13 27.7 9 19.1 47 100.03.High school 11 24.4 14 31.1 7 15.6 13 28.9 45 100.04. Above 14 20.6 22 32.4 10 14.7 22 32.4 68 100.0Perason Chi-square 7.168Farm household1.Full-time farm household 15 40.5 12 32.4 3 8.1 7 18.9 37 100.02.Part-time farm household 35 21.2 45 27.3 37 22.4 48 29.1 165 100.0Perason Chi-square 9.123 ***In terms of tenant status, the owner and owner tenantfarmers earned higher incomes per capita (X2=24.425,p

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