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FLUX AND FLOWS OF PEOPLE, POWER AND PRACTICES: ISSUES RELATING TO SOCIAL JUSTICE221Conclusion:Looking at gender relations through the eyes ofeducated middle-class Muslim journalists inIndonesiaThis researcher is well aware that it is not an easy taskto provide a picture of the lives and situation ofMuslim women in general, especially given that mostwomen interviewed in this paper are journalists frommiddle-class backgrounds who generally enjoy freedomin their work, unlike their sisters in rural areas frompoorer and less educated backgrounds. Theinterviewees had their own personal ways ofnegotiating gender constraints within their socioeconomicenvironments. Many felt uncomfortableabout, and unwilling to concede, the possibility ofmore constrained gender relations faced by lessadvantaged women.The interviewee’s views on Perempuan BerkalungSorban reflects their disagreements with thestereotypical image of Muslim women as victims oftraditional beliefs. Though they conceded that suchsituations might exist in some remote areas, theybelieved it rarely happened today.However the experiences of female journalists in Acehindicate that it is not always easy for women in publicspheres. Linda Christanty and Donna Lestarirepresent the voice of rebellious Muslim women whofeel constrained by religious laws. Meanwhile otherfemale journalists who resist “traditional beliefs” byvisiting coffee shops while wearing the hijab, see nopoint in shari’ah enforcing others to do the same.These women must compromise with “traditionalbeliefs” in their communities, by, for example, tryingnot to appear as “bad women” who go home late.Meanwhile the situation of Muslim women inThailand’s southern border province as seen byMuslim woman activist Angkhana Neelapaijit presentsa different story. Angkhana has been working insupport of Muslim women in Thailand’s deep southfor half a decade and is chairwoman of the Justice forPeace Foundation. In her paper “Roles and Challengesfor Muslim Women in the Restive Southern BorderProvinces of Thailand,” Angkhana found that MalayMuslim women in the Southern border provinces hadreceived insufficient support from either the generalpublic or the government in relation to educating andempowering women, or in opening up spaces toencourage their participation at all levels.Muslim women [in the southern provinces] have facedpersecution and have been discredited when they cameout to defend their rights which are compromised bythe conservative interpretation of religious codes.Thus, they have been made to appear as “sinfulwomen” or “vicious women” for having their ordealsexposed in public, she wrote.Finally, it is as though the women in Indonesia and inThailand’s deep south inhabit two different worlds. Itis unclear, however, if less-educated and less well-to-doMuslim women in Indonesia and Thailand are moreconstrained by the brand of Islam today than thebrand that has been recorded in historical accountsfrom past centuries.NOTEiANDAYA, Barbara Watson. 2006. Women as Rulers. InThe Flaming Womb: repositioning women in early modernSoutheast Asia. 167. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.LIST OF INTERVIEWEES1. Miss Sima Gunawan, The Jakarta Post. Gunawan passed awayin February 2012. She had been with The Jakarta Post for over20 years.2. Miss Wita Ningsih, Research & Development, ProgrammingDivision, Trans TV. Before joining Trans TV, Ningsih used towork for the defunct PLAYBOY Magazine, Indonesian version.3. Mrs. Vivi Zabkie, Cooperation Supervisor, Kantor BeritaRadio 68H (68H Radio News Agency).4. Mrs. Fitria Martaniah, Program Manager Kerjasama, KantorBerita Radio 68H (68H Radio News Agency). Martaniah is alsothe host of a program called “Agama dan Toleransi” [Religionand Tolerance].5. Miss Linda Christanty, Chief Editor, Aceh Feature.6. Miss Indah February, reporter, Makassar TV.7. Mrs. Sri Wahyuni, staff writer with The Jakarta Post inYogyakarta.8. Mrs. Febriana Sinta Sari, reporter, Kedaulatan Rakyat Radio, alocal radio station in Yogyakarta.9. Mrs. Siti Aminah, lecturer at Fakultas Ilmu Budaya UGM,Magister of Middle East Studies, UGM.The Work of the 2010/2011 API Fellows
222 Panel 510. Miss Rhamadinna Fatimah, English Teacher at IndonesiaCollege.11. Miss Novia Liza, reporter, Aceh Feature.12. Miss Mellyan, reporter, Aceh Feature.13. Miss Rizki Maulida, reporter, Aceh Feature.14. Miss Donna Lestari, reporter, Aceh Feature.BIBLIOGRAPHYBelford, Aubrey. 2009. Film Spurs Debate Over Women’sRole. Jakarta Globe, March 01, News.http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/film-spurs-debate-overwomens-role/308867Simanjuntak, Hotli. 2010. Aceh, sharia & coffee shops. TheJakarta Post, July 13, Feature. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/07/13/aceh-sharia-amp-coffee-shops.htmlWEBSITE:http://www.islamswomen.com/articles/women_in_islam.phpANDAYA, Barbara Watson. 2006. The Flaming Womb:repositioning women in early modern Southeast Asia. Honolulu:University of Hawai’i Press.POERWANDARI, Kristi, ed. 2005. Indonesian Women in aChanging Society. Seoul: Ewha Womans University Press.ANDAYA, Barbara Watson, ed. 2000. Other Pasts: Women,Gender and History in Early Modern Southeast Asia. Honolulu:Centre for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Hawai’i atMãnoa.DIAH, Herawati.2005. An Endless Journey: Reflection of anIndonesian Journalist. Jakarta: PT Equinox PublishingIndonesia.NEELAPAIJIT, Angkhana. 2010. Roles and Challenges forMuslim Women in the Restive Southern Border Provinces ofThailand. Bangkok: Justice for Peace Foundation.SELECTED NEWSPAPER ARTICLESSabarini, Prodita. 2010. Nani Zulminarni: Dare to be a woman.The Jakarta Post, September 13, People Section.http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/09/13/nanizulminarni-dare-be-a-woman.htmlAzis Tunny, M. 2010. Siti Musdah Mulia: A courageouswoman. The Jakarta Post, August 13, People Section.http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/13/sitimusdah-mulia-a-courageous-woman.htmlHelmi, Kunang. 2010. Christine Hakim: The importanceof education. The Jakarta Post, October 22, People Section.http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/10/22/christinehakim-the-importance-education.htmlKuswandini, Dian. 2010. Peggy Melati Sukma: In transition.The Jakarta Post, August 20, People Section.http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/20/peggymelati-sukma-in-transition.htmlVeda, Titania. 2009. Pioneer Journalist Reflects. Jakarta Globe,February 04, Life & Times Section.http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/lifeandtimes/pioneerjournalist-reflects/306630The Work of the 2010/2011 API Fellows
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CULTURE, POWER AND PRACTICES:THE GL
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viABOUT THE BOOKCULTURE, POWER AND
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viiiACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe API Coordin
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x(co-authored with Gunawan Wiradi,
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xiiSri Wahyuni is the director of t
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xivThe gap between rich and poor is
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xviand development mainly: Economy,
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xviiiIn closing, I would like to qu
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xxmovements to defend their rights,
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xxiicomplex relationships between f
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xxivIndonesian Academy of Social Sc
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MULTIPLE MODERNITIES: GLOBALIZATION
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POTENTIAL OF LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND PR
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Page 282 and 283: 255THAILANDAroon Puritat, Artist an
Page 284 and 285: 257RAPPORTEURSGarry MorrisonMarian
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Page 294 and 295: 267CONTACT DETAILS (as of March 201
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