Australia, I think I know English. But when I listen to the lecture <strong>and</strong> write report, it’sdifferent”. Others found reading <strong>and</strong> writing very difficult. One of them commented,“Writing, because my grammar is really bad. I have found Australians cannotunderst<strong>and</strong> me”.(3) Do you find it hard to communicate with your lecturers/fellow students inEnglish?Five of the graduates found it easy to communicate with lecturers or fellow studentsin English, but four of them found it hard to do so. For example, one of themcommented, “Always. As English is not my first language, I may not be able to fullyexpress my ideas of the learning subjects. Also, I may misunderst<strong>and</strong> teacher’smessages, assignments, <strong>and</strong> textbook contents”. Another student said she found ithard to communicate with lecturers, especially in class, but not with fellow students.(4) Do you still prefer to speak your own language to your fellow students wheneverthere is opportunity?Five said it was easier to use their mother tongue instead of English. For example,one of them commented, “I prefer to communicate in my own language. However, ifthere are people who are from other countries, I prefer to speak English to showbasic politeness to … Sometimes, people who are from the same country as mestart chatting to me via Chinese, my mother tongue, I thus reply to them in the samelanguage”. Only two of them insisted on speaking English.(5) What assistance has the university provided to help you with your languageproblems?One graduate said he had no problems with English. The rest of the graduates hadreceived help from different resources at the university, such as help from lecturers,the university’s language centre <strong>and</strong> English courses. One of them commented,“Rosemary provided me lots of help <strong>for</strong> writing skill. I did not feel too much otherhelp from our university”. Another student commented, “Firstly, when I came here Iapplied <strong>for</strong> a four week English course. That was quite useful”.(6) Do you believe the university has done enough to help you with your languageproblems?One graduate said he did not care about this <strong>and</strong> another responded “definitely not”.The rest of the graduates believed the university has done enough to help. One ofthem commented, “Oh yes, yes. Initially, I didn’t get a high score in the IELTS test,so the University said I can go to the TAFE <strong>for</strong> more English lessons… Theuniversity staff have been very helpful <strong>and</strong> friendly”. Another student said,“Rosemary helped me a lot, checking grammar <strong>and</strong> content. I found it veryrelieving”.(7) If not, what other assistance do you need?There were a lot of ideas about this. Some students thought the university shouldprovide more English courses, some suggested community activities, some eventhought about a free English magazine. For example, “The University should providethe chance <strong>for</strong> the student to make a speech. The university should also provide afree magazine to students <strong>and</strong> also provide a new book list <strong>and</strong> related free article tothe international students to further help improve their English”.5.4.5 Culture-based <strong>Teaching</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Learning</strong> Concepts(1) International students: what were the main study difficulties you encountered in1st year?All seven graduates had encountered difficulties in the first year of study at inAustralia University. One of them gave a very good summary; he said, “At first,when I came here in the 1st year, I worried that I could not underst<strong>and</strong> the localEnglish <strong>and</strong> could not catch what the lecturers were saying, so I was nervous.95
Furthermore, I was not familiar with the university’s environment. Sometimes I couldnot find the right way to the class. Thirdly, I felt the food was very different to thefood from my country <strong>and</strong> I did not like the western food. Fourthly, there were alsosome other problems, such as public transport, finding accommodation, building agood relationship with my l<strong>and</strong>lord <strong>and</strong> making friends with overseas students”.Other students mentioned only one problem such as language, loneliness,homesickness, or culture shock. Only one student felt he had had good luck, <strong>and</strong>commented, “I’ve always had support, everyone has been so helpful. There werepeople to guide me, so I don’t think I’ve had many other difficulties”.This section presents interview data analysis results <strong>for</strong> international students, staff,local students <strong>and</strong> graduates. These results will be used in the following sections.96
- Page 1 and 2:
Strategies and Approaches toTeachin
- Page 3 and 4:
Table of Contents0 EXECUTIVE SUMMAR
- Page 5:
0 Executive SummaryAustralian terti
- Page 8 and 9:
1 Project OutcomesThe outcomes of t
- Page 10 and 11:
The identification information sect
- Page 12:
questions aim to discover their ass
- Page 15 and 16:
3.2 Literature reviewCross-cultural
- Page 17 and 18:
4 Survey Data AnalysisThis section
- Page 19 and 20:
Total Count 380 632 1012Percentage
- Page 21 and 22:
2 Count 12 30 42Percentage 3.1% 4.7
- Page 23 and 24:
Table 13 shows that nearly all loca
- Page 25 and 26:
methods are good, while less than h
- Page 27 and 28:
Preferredfewerlectures andmore labs
- Page 29 and 30:
Table 26 (Question III.4.D) Preferr
- Page 31 and 32:
Maindifferencesbetweenteachingmetho
- Page 33 and 34:
Table 33 shows that about half of l
- Page 35 and 36:
Table 38 (Question IV.4) Sufficient
- Page 37 and 38:
understanding lectures?Table 42 (Qu
- Page 39 and 40:
confident Count 301 179 480Percenta
- Page 41 and 42:
Table 49 (Question VI.4) Caring abo
- Page 43 and 44:
Table 52 shows that more local stud
- Page 45 and 46: Table 56 shows that both local and
- Page 47 and 48: a chi-square test to determine whet
- Page 49 and 50: Significance Level (α= 0.05)Hypoth
- Page 51 and 52: presentations are unrelated (Indepe
- Page 53 and 54: Hypotheses V.2H0: Student category
- Page 55 and 56: encountered at university in 2/3/4
- Page 57 and 58: III.7What are you most concerned ab
- Page 59 and 60: II.6.EII.6.FII.6.GTextbooks you pre
- Page 61 and 62: VII. OtherVII.1.1VII.1.2What are th
- Page 63 and 64: III.6 Do you like lecturers to ask
- Page 65 and 66: distribution of these comments acro
- Page 67 and 68: Figure 4.5 University of Sydney und
- Page 69 and 70: Australia is the environment (11.06
- Page 71 and 72: example, one student said that home
- Page 73 and 74: 5 Interview Data AnalysisThis secti
- Page 75 and 76: class?Eight students thought studen
- Page 77 and 78: (1) Did you have any difficulty sel
- Page 79 and 80: 5.2 Staff interview data analysisA
- Page 81 and 82: (2) Do you think that the methods y
- Page 83 and 84: is the biggest problem”. One lect
- Page 85 and 86: comments was, “No, I send them to
- Page 87 and 88: lecturer, and one of them like the
- Page 89 and 90: am a shy person I am not comfortabl
- Page 91 and 92: When they have difficulties in read
- Page 93 and 94: (7) Have you been involved in many
- Page 95: Only two of the graduates had diffi
- Page 99 and 100: ased communication style such as e-
- Page 101 and 102: CrosstabDifficultieswhenreadingtext
- Page 103 and 104: CrosstabPreferred workingin groups
- Page 105 and 106: CrosstabMain differencesbetween tea
- Page 107 and 108: CrosstabWhat are the maindifficulti
- Page 109 and 110: CrosstabDo you have anyEnglish lang
- Page 111 and 112: CrosstabDo you have anyEnglish lang
- Page 113 and 114: CrosstabAre you confidentabout your
- Page 115 and 116: CrosstabDo you have anyEnglish lang
- Page 117 and 118: CrosstabWhat are the mainstudy diff
- Page 119 and 120: Pearson Chi-SquareLikelihood RatioN
- Page 121 and 122: ead lecture notes.2. Regarding the
- Page 123 and 124: II.9 0.022 0.097 0.174 0.02 0.135II
- Page 125 and 126: From Table 65, we can see that ther
- Page 127 and 128: countries peoples. Personally, I fi
- Page 129 and 130: perceived by them as something insi
- Page 131 and 132: 7. Arrange peer groups for those st
- Page 133 and 134: covered (or not covered well) in th
- Page 135 and 136: 13. Ask assistance from internation
- Page 137 and 138: 11) • Weekly groupcase studies an
- Page 139 and 140: 8 Guideline for International Stude
- Page 141 and 142: life. However, it is very important
- Page 143 and 144: There are ways of maintaining focus
- Page 145 and 146: Expect to be nervous initially and
- Page 147 and 148:
Avoid cheating and plagiarismAustra
- Page 149 and 150:
9 Disciplinary and interdisciplinar
- Page 151 and 152:
10 Results communication, publicati
- Page 153 and 154:
Visiting Professor Javier Montero f
- Page 155 and 156:
11 ReferencesAsmar C. (1999), Schol