Understanding Smart Sensors - Nomads.usp

The Implications of Smart Sensor Standards 303Tempsensor1IEEE 1451ID and dataformatsClockFrequencysynthesizerAntennaTempsensor2OpticalsensorExtIN .MUXandampADCControland datalogicOpticalprogramminginput circuitrySpreadgen.MixerRF ampSensors and front-endsignal processingDigitizing, control, andspreading-code generationRF transmitterAntennaPower supplyFigure 13.4 Intelligent wireless sensor. (After: [10].)confirmation of diagnoses, and access to doctors in other regions of the world.The applications determine the requirements for the data transmission. Stethoscopemeasurements require high-quality sound captured down to 10 Hz. Thesystem shown in Figure 13.5 allows a doctor in a remote location to hear what anurse or medic hears when examining a patient. The remote doctor uses stethophonesafter the signal has been transmitted and processed by a codec.The Internet is being used for more complex measurements that requiredata transmission. In the area of medical research, a PC and WWW browsersoftware allow users to view magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from aremote 170-MHz proton imaging spectrometer. That means a number of doctorscan be trained to perform modern diagnostic techniques that requireexpensive equipment without having to be located in a facility that has theequipment. The vision of interactive, real-time experiments over the WWWshould increase the number of people doing advanced research and could drivediscovery of new cures and therapy for patients everywhere.13.5 Process Control Over the InternetTransmission control protocol (TCP) and IP have been discussed as a means ofmonitoring but their role could be extended to the control systems [12]. Typicallythe same software to control a data acquisition system via a network can be