Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

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Distributed Power Control and Rate Adaptation 251Total data (Mbit)Totaldata-mini-flow transmissions(random topology) 100 nodes, 50 flows, 50s1816141210864200 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50Per-flow rate (Kbps)802.11 DPCFIGURE 6.6Total data transmitted (miniflows).In the case of the 802.11, the maximum throughput is achieved at 5-kbpsper flow rate, but the energy efficiency is highest for 2.5-kbps per flowrate. This indicates that with higher throughput more packets are dropped,with simultaneously increasing the energy consumption. By contrast, inTotaldata per Joule (Kbit/J)0.40.350.30.250.20.150.10.05Data transmitted (mini-flows) per Joule(random topology) 100 nodes, 50 flows, 50s00 5 10 15 20 25Per-flow rate (Kbps)30 35 40 45 50802.11 DPCFIGURE 6.7Total data per joule transmitted.
252 Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor NetworksContention (Msec)Contention for random topology100 nodes, 50 flows, duration 50s1801601401201008060402000 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50Per-flow rate (Kbps)802.11 DPCFIGURE 6.8Contention time.the proposed protocol, the maximum throughput and energy-efficiencyis achieved at the higher per flow rate (10 and 5 kbps, respectively),because the proposed protocol achieves higher channel utilization whencompared to the 802.11 protocol.The average contention time is presented in Figure 6.8. The proposedprotocol yields lower contention time for the per flow rate (up to 30 kbps),because of higher channel utilization and shorter interval between packettransmissions, than in the case of the 802.11. As per flow rate increasesfurther, the contention time increases for the proposed protocol. Thisneutralizes the advantage of higher channel utilization in the proposedprotocol. Consequently, both protocols achieve similar contention time forper flow rates above 30 kbps.The simulations in random topology were repeated for constant a perflow rate of 10 kbps with varying packet size. The energy efficiency ispresented in Figure 6.9. As expected, the energy efficiency increases withpacket size. The MAC protocol introduces constant bit OH for everypacket transmitted; thus, for the same rate, the OH decreases as the packetsize increases. In consequence, a higher channel capacity is utilized fortransmission of bigger user data packets. Additionally, the DPC protocoloutperforms the 802.11 scheme for all packet sizes, which conforms theprevious results that are displayed in Figure 6.10.
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Wireless Ad Hocand SensorNetworksPr
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18. Chaos in Automatic Control, edi
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CRC PressTaylor & Francis Group6000
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Table of Contents1 Background on Ne
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3 Congestion Control in ATM Network
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5.4.2 Distributed Power Controller
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7.3 Adaptive and Distributed Fair S
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9.2.2 Overview.....................
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the number of connections in each l
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y Maheswaran Thiagarajan, and tirel
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2 Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networ
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10 Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Netwo
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2BackgroundIn this chapter, we prov
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Background 51u(k)x n (k + 1)x n (k)
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Background 53with x( 0)being the in
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Background 55with tr(.) the matrix
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Background 57nGiven a function ft (
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Background 592.3.2 Lyapunov Stabili
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Background 61as well as Jagannathan
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Background 63The subsequent example
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Background 65Evaluating this along
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Background 67Now, select the feedba
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Background 69is SISL if and only if
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Background 71L 1 (x)L(x, t)L 0 (x)0
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Background 73for some R > 0 such th
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Background 75Evaluating the first d
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Background 77Section 2.4Problem 2.4
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100 Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Netw
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4Admission Controller Design for Hi
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Admission Controller Design for Hig
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7Distributed Fair Scheduling in Wir
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Distributed Fair Scheduling in Wire
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8Optimized Energy and Delay-Based R
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Optimized Energy and Delay-Based Ro
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9Predictive Congestion Control for
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Predictive Congestion Control for W
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10Adaptive and Probabilistic Power
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Adaptive and Probabilistic Power Co
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