Precipitation-Runoff and Streamflow-Routing Models for the ...

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORBRUCE BABBITT, SecretaryU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEYGordon P. Eaton, DirectorAny use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is fordescriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by theU.S. Government._________________________________________________________________________________________________For additional informationwrite to:District ChiefU.S. Geological Survey, WRD10615 S.E. Cherry Blossom DrivePortland, Oregon 97216E-mail: info-or@usgs.govCopies of this report canbe purchased from:U.S. Geological SurveyBranch of Information ServicesBox 25286Federal CenterDenver, Colorado 80225II
CONTENTSAbstract ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................ 2Background ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2Purpose and Scope ........................................................................................................................................................... 3Approach.......................................................................................................................................................................... 3Study Area Description.................................................................................................................................................... 5Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................................................ 7Precipitation-Runoff Models...................................................................................................................................................... 7Description of Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System ................................................................................................... 7Time-Series Data.............................................................................................................................................................. 9Precipitation ........................................................................................................................................................... 9Air Temperature ..................................................................................................................................................... 9Discharge................................................................................................................................................................ 9Delineation of Basin Physical Characteristics ................................................................................................................. 9Model Parameterization ................................................................................................................................................. 18Hydrologic Response Unit-Related Parameters................................................................................................... 18Basinwide Parameters .......................................................................................................................................... 22Model Calibration and Verification................................................................................................................................ 22Water-Budget Adjustments .................................................................................................................................. 25Sensitivity Analysis.............................................................................................................................................. 25Parameter Optimization ....................................................................................................................................... 25Simulation Results ............................................................................................................................................... 27Estimation of Parameters in Ungaged Basins ...................................................................................................... 30Streamflow-Routing Models .................................................................................................................................................... 30Description of Diffusion Analogy Flow Model ............................................................................................................. 30Channel Reach Delineation............................................................................................................................................ 31Model Parameterization ................................................................................................................................................. 31Area Parameter..................................................................................................................................................... 32Width Parameter................................................................................................................................................... 32Diffusion Coefficients .......................................................................................................................................... 33Special Studies to Document Low Flow ........................................................................................................................ 33Time-of-Travel Studies ........................................................................................................................................ 33Gain-Loss Investigations...................................................................................................................................... 34Network-Routing Applications ................................................................................................................................................ 35Tributary Networks ........................................................................................................................................................ 37Johnson Creek ...................................................................................................................................................... 37Clackamas River .................................................................................................................................................. 38Tualatin River....................................................................................................................................................... 41Molalla River........................................................................................................................................................ 43Yamhill River ....................................................................................................................................................... 45Santiam River....................................................................................................................................................... 47McKenzie River ................................................................................................................................................... 49Main-Stem Networks ..................................................................................................................................................... 51Willamette River from Jasper to Harrisburg ........................................................................................................ 51Willamette River from Harrisburg to Albany....................................................................................................... 53Willamette River from Albany to Salem.............................................................................................................. 54Willamette River from Salem to Willamette Falls ............................................................................................... 55An Example Water-Quality Application.................................................................................................................................. 58Description of the Example Basin ................................................................................................................................. 58Use of the Branched-Lagrangian Transport Model........................................................................................................ 58Model Calibration ................................................................................................................................................ 59Calibration Results............................................................................................................................................... 60III
Page 1: Precipitation-Runoff and Streamflow
Page 6 and 7: Determining Travel Time and Dilutio
Page 8 and 9: 2. Stream-gaging stations used to c
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Page 12 and 13: network-routing models where availa
Page 14 and 15: made on the main stem at base-flow
Page 16 and 17: Figure 1. Willamette River Basin, O
Page 18 and 19: EvapotranspirationINPUTSAirtemperat
Page 20 and 21: Table 1. Climate stations used to c
Page 22 and 23: Table 2. Stream-gaging stations use
Page 24 and 25: Figure 4. Mean annual precipitation
Page 26 and 27: Major Land Use MapHydrologic Soil G
Page 28 and 29: 0.5 mi 2 , created in the merge of
Page 30 and 31: Table 6. Geology and soils matrix o
Page 32 and 33: tion value of the HRU class by the
Page 34 and 35: Table 8. Selected monthly basinwide
Page 36 and 37: Figure 9. Location of Precipitation
Page 38 and 39: Table 11. Statistical analyses of P
Page 40 and 41: flow can become a significant compo
Page 42 and 43: diffusion at selected grid interval
Page 44 and 45: samples were collected at various d
Page 46 and 47: 3,0002,500June 21-30, 1993September
Page 48 and 49: stream network is shown on figure 1
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123˚00´´ 45´30´122˚15´45˚15
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YamhillRiver123˚45´ 30´ 15´123
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123˚07´30´´ 123˚00´ 45´ 30´
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123˚07´30´´ 123˚00´ 45´ 30´
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44˚15´14166000122˚07´30´´Will
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122˚15´ 122˚00´121˚52´30´´4
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44˚52´30´´45´122˚15´ 122˚00
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observed flow at the Willamette Riv
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DAFLOW model, and peak amplitude is
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20DYE CONCENTRATION, IN MICROGRAMS
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ARC-INFO and Geographic Information
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WILL.WDMData-base file(Observed pre
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WILL.WDMData-base fileSWSTATSFreque
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Jobson, H.E., 1980, Comment on A ne
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APPENDIX 1. STREAM GEOMETRY FOR MAI
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APPENDIX 2. ARC MACRO LANGUAGE (AML
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APPENDIX 3. DEFINITIONS OF PARAMETE
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APPENDIX 3. DEFINITIONS OF PARAMETE
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APPENDIX 4. MEASUREMENTS USED TO DE
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APPENDIX 5. EXAMPLE PRECIPITATION-R
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APPENDIX 5. EXAMPLE PRECIPITATION-R
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APPENDIX 6. DIFFUSION ANALOGY FLOW
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APPENDIX 7. PROGRAMMING STEPS TO IN
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APPENDIX 8. PROGRAMMING STEPS TO DE
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150Climatemaxtempmintempprecipitati
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APPENDIX 10. DIRECTORY TREE AND DES
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APPENDIX 11. DIRECTORY TREES AND DE
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APPENDIX 11. DIRECTORY TREES AND DE
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APPENDIX 12. DIRECTORY FOR will.wdm
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APPENDIX 13. PROGRAMMING STEPS FOR
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APPENDIX 14. INPUT FILES FOR BRANCH
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