twin-path® slings in action - Hanes Supply, Inc

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YOUR SLING AND RIGGING SPECIALISTWire RopesWIRE ROPE ABUSE continuedWire rope left on machines shut down forlong periods of time deteriorates rapidly. Topreserve the rope for future sue, it should beremoved, cleaned and thoroughly lubricated.CAUSES OF CORROSION DAMAGEPitting, erosion and surface effects of manydifferent types can all result in corrosiondamage. Because they tend to increase corrosion,the following conditions should beconsidered and noted when applicable, duringthe ordering of wire rope: acid and alkalinesolutions, gases, fumes, brine and saltair, sulphurous compounds, and high humidityand temperature. Lubricants are readilyavailable to reduce the severity of attack ofmost of these conditions.EFFECTS OF SEVERE HEATWhere wire rope is subjected to severe heat(e.g., foundry cranes) it will not give the serviceexpected because it will deteriorate morequickly.Wire ropes exposed to hot-metal handling orother extreme heat sometimes require independentwire rope cores.SHIFTING ROPES FROM ONE JOBTO ANOTHERSometimes an idle wire rope from one operationis installed on another to keep the ropein continuous service. This extremely poorpractice is an expensive "economy."Because wire rope tends to "set" to the conditionsof its particular operating job, the differingbends, abrasions and stresses of anew operation can produce premature failure.Therefore, for a maximum life and efficiency,a rope should be used only on the jobfor which it has been specified.MACHINERY OPERATIONSome operators are harder on their machinerythan others and as a result they get shorterrope life. In certain instances, enough extrawork is done to more than offset the additionalwear-and-tear on equipment and wire rope.The operation may be more efficient from theproduction standpoint as a result, but those incharge of rope purchases should be madeaware of the probable reduction in rope lifeand increased rope costs.ReVeRse benDInG Running this rope over one sheave and underanother caused fatigue breaks in wires.eXcessIVe eXPosURe to eleMents. Too much exposure combinedwith surface wear and loss of lubrication caused corrosion andpitting.too lonG In seRVIce. Repeated winding and overwinding of thisrope on a drum while it was under heavy stress caused the unusuallysevere wear shown.UnDeRsIze sHeaVe GRooVes. Sheaves were too small, causingstrands to pinch. Wires then fail in the valley between the strands.PooR WoRk PRoceDURes. Damage to strands and wires resultedfrom electric arcing.lack of knoWleDGe. Here's what occurs when a loop which hasbeen "pulled through" and tightened remains in service.HEADQUARTERS: 55 James E. Casey Drive • Buffalo, NY 14206 PHONE: 716.826.2636 FAX: 716.826.4412 www.hanessupply.com146
Wire RopesYOUR SLING AND RIGGING SPECIALISTROPE STRENGTH AND DESIGN FACTORSThe rope strength design factor is the ratio ofthe rated strength of the rope to its operatingstress. If a particular rope has a rated strengthof 100,000 lbs. and is working under an operatingstress of 20,000 lbs., it has a rope strengthdesign factor of 5. It is operating at one-fifth or20% of its rated strength.Many codes refer to this factor as the "SafetyFactor" which is a misleading term, since thisratio obviously does not include the many facetsof an operation which must be considered in determiningsafety.Wire rope is an expendable item – a replacementpart of a machine or installation. For economicand other reasons, some installations requireropes to operate at high stresses (low ropestrength design factors). On some installationswhere high risk is involved, high rope strength designfactors must be maintained. However, operatingand safety codes exist for most applicationsand these codes give specific factors for usage.When a machine is working and large dynamicloadings (shock loading) are imparted to the rope,the rope strength design factor will be reducedwhich could result in overstressing of the rope.Reduced rope strength design factors frequentlyresult in reduced service life of wire rope.o.s.H.a. (a.n.s.I.) Removal criteria 5.a.n.s.I. safety codes, standards and Requirements –rope must be removed from servicewhen diameter loss or wire breakageoccurs as follows:DIaMeteR lossoRIGInallossDIaMeteR (In.) (In.)5/16 & smaller 1/643/8 - 1/2 1/329/16 - 3/4 3/647/8 - 1-1/8 1/161-1/4 - 1-1/2 3/32nUMbeR of WIRe bReaksnUMbeR bRoken WIRes nUMbeR bRoken WIResIn RUnnInG RoPes In stanDInG RoPesa.n.s.I. eQUIPMent In one In one In one In oneno. RoPe laY stRanD RoPe laY stRanDB30.2 Overhead & Gantry Cranes 12 4 Not specified Not specifiedB30.4 Portal, Tower & Pillar Cranes 6 3 3 2B30.5 Crawler, Locomotive & Truck Cranes 6 3 3 2B30.6 Derricks 6 3 3 2B30.7 Base Mounted Drum Hoists 6 3 3 2B30.8 Floating Cranes & Derricks 6 3 3 2A10.4 Personnel Hoists 6* 3 2* 2A10.5 Material Hoists 6* Not specified Not specified Not specified*Also remove for 1 valley break. OSHA requires monthly record keeping of wire rope condition.Note: Current industry recommendations and OSHA Standars are based upon the use of steel sheaves.The manufacturer of plastic or synthetic sheaves or liners should be consulted for their recommendationson the safe application of their product, and possible revision in rope inspection criteria when used withtheir product.HEADQUARTERS: 55 James E. Casey Drive • Buffalo, NY 14206 PHONE: 716.826.2636 FAX: 716.826.4412 www.hanessupply.com147
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twin-path® slings in action - Hanes Supply, Inc

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