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43°21′35″2010 EQ0 27 km2011 EQKaiapoiWaimakariri RiverAvon RiverCity CentreBexleyHeathcote RiverPort Hills2011 EQEpicentreBanks Peninsula43°39′18″172° 26′23″172°55′40″▲▲Figure 1. Map of Christchurch region highlighting relevant geographical information.addition, clay and volcanic rock are present near Christchurchfrom the Port Hills slopes of Banks Peninsula.The city of Christchurch is located at the east coast of theCanterbury Plains adjacent to an extinct volcanic complexforming Banks Peninsula. A map of Christchurch CBD andits environs is shown in Figure 1. Most of the city was mainlyswamp behind sand dunes, and estuaries and lagoons that havenow been drained (Brown et al. 1995). The surface geology ofthe greater Christchurch area consists of predominantly recentHolocene (
(A)(B)▲▲Figure 2. A) Simplified geology of Christchurch region. B) Simplified soil strata along cross-section A-A’ (modified from Brown andWeeber 1992).43°27′36″SWSDallington - 1CBGSCHHCREHSCCCCSHLCPRPCSWSDallington - 2HPSCSWSBexley - 1SWSBexley - 2CMHSHVSCLPCC43°37′01″172° 30′10″172°47′41″▲ ▲ Figure 3. Location of strong-motion sites near the city of Christchurch (after GeoNet Web site, http://magma.geonet.org.nz/delta/app?service=page/Home). Also shown are the locations of Swedish weight sounding (SWS) tests.Seismological Research Letters Volume 82, Number 6 November/December 2011 907
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Volume 82, Number 6 November/Decemb
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News and Notes (continued)Nominatio
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Preface to the Focused Issue on the
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TABLE 1Peak ground acceleration (PG
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▲▲Figure 2. A) Sketch of the
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▲▲Figure 4. A) Adopted moment r
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▲▲Figure 7. As in Figure 6 but
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▲ ▲ Figure 8. Misfit parameters
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▲ ▲ Figure 10. Spatial variabil
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▲ ▲ Figure 12. Standard spectra
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Quigley, M., R. Van Dissen, P. Vill
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slip on a 59-degree striking fault
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▲▲Figure 4. Convergence of inve
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observations and other source studi
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-42. 5-43. 0-43. 5-44. 0-44. 5-43.2
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“Product CSK © ASI, (ItalianSpac
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TABLE 2Solutions for fault location
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-43.45(A)degrees N-43.50-43.552.52.
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is still a good fit to the horizont
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Coulomb Stress Change Sensitivity d
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mation takes on a larger strike-sli
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P 9.4267BLDU45P 20.1213CASY39P 2.62
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ERMJNUMAJOINUJHJ2CBIJMIDWJOWYHNBTPU
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(A)6.146.13(B)6.246.36Misfit6.156.1
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(A)(B)(C)(D)▲▲Figure 10. The co
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(A)(B)(C)(D)▲▲Figure 12. The co
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Luo, Y., Y. Tan, S. Wei, D. Helmber
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−44˚00' −43˚00'4-Sep-2010Mw 7
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TABLE 1Pairs of SAR imagery used in
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Depth (km)Coulomb Stress Change(bar
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Crippen, R. E. (1992). Measurement
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AlpineFaultHope Fault38 mm/yr0+ +-1
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σ 1dσ 3Nuσ 3CM w 7.1dw 6.2u70°M
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Right-lateral Faults(A) Range Front
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DISCUSSIONThe 2010-2011 Canterbury
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Large Apparent Stresses from the Ca
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▲ ▲ Figure 2. Observed vs. pred
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10Obs SA(1s)AS1AS+SDAB 2006AB+SDSA(
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Fine-scale Relocation of Aftershock
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−43.25°OXZ0 10 20km−43.5°−4
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A’0 km 4 8−43.5°B’B−43.6°
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REFERENCESAvery, H. R., J. B. Berri
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▲ ▲ Figure 2. A) shows three-co
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▲ ▲ Figure 4. Vertical accelera
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0.8PRPC Z0.40Normalized (Max PGA +
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Near-source Strong Ground MotionsOb
Page 101 and 102: (A)Magnitude, M w876542009 NZdataba
Page 103 and 104: Scale0.5 g5 seconds▲▲Figure 4.
Page 105 and 106: (A)(B)Spectral Acc, Sa (g)North/Wes
Page 107 and 108: Vertical-to-horizontal PGA ratio543
Page 109 and 110: (A)(B)Station:CCCCSolid:AvgHorizDas
Page 111 and 112: REFERENCESAagaard, B. T., J. F. Hal
Page 113 and 114: ▲ ▲ Figure 1. Shear-wave veloci
Page 115 and 116: Spectral Acceleration (0.3 s), (g)I
Page 117 and 118: Spectral Acceleration (3 s), (g)In[
Page 119 and 120: TABLE 1Mean (μ LLH ) and standard
Page 121 and 122: Strong Ground Motions and Damage Co
Page 123 and 124: ings and the Modified Takeda-Slip M
Page 125 and 126: high, but there were no buildings d
Page 127 and 128: REFERENCES▲▲Figure 8. Heavily d
Page 129 and 130: (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)▲▲Figure 1. A) M
Page 131 and 132: (A) (B) (C)▲ ▲ Figure 3. A) Typ
Page 133 and 134: (A) (B) (C)▲ ▲ Figure 4. A) Typ
Page 135 and 136: Case StudyKey ParametersTABLE 1Key
Page 137 and 138: ▲ ▲ Figure 9. Representative bu
Page 139 and 140: Soil Liquefaction Effects in the Ce
Page 141 and 142: ▲ ▲ Figure 2. Representative su
Page 143 and 144: Location of structures illustrated
Page 145 and 146: Shading indicates areaover which pr
Page 147 and 148: 1.8 deg15 cmGround cracking due to
Page 149 and 150: 30 cm17 cm30 cmFoundation beam▲
Page 151: Comparison of Liquefaction Features
Page 155 and 156: (A)Acceleration (Gal)6004002000-200
Page 157 and 158: (A)(B)▲▲Figure 7. Distribution
Page 159 and 160: (A)(B)▲▲Figure 10. Damage to a
Page 161 and 162: (A)(B)▲ ▲ Figure 14. A) Subside
Page 163 and 164: ▲▲Figure 17. A trench in a resi
Page 165 and 166: Ambient Noise Measurements followin
Page 167 and 168: ▲▲Figure 1. Location of the noi
Page 169 and 170: ▲▲Figure 5. Site N20 showing HV
Page 171 and 172: ▲▲Figure 8. Comparison between
Page 173 and 174: Use of DCP and SASW Tests to Evalua
Page 175 and 176: ▲ ▲ Figure 2. Aerial image of C
Page 177 and 178: (A)(B)▲▲Figure 4. DCP test bein
Page 179 and 180: ▲▲Figure 7. SASW setup at a sit
Page 181 and 182: where X ~ N(μ X , σ X 2 ) is shor
Page 183 and 184: Using the same critical layers as s
Page 185 and 186: Performance of Levees (Stopbanks) d
Page 187 and 188: ▲▲Figure 3. Typical geometry an
Page 189 and 190: TABLE 1Damage severity categories (
Page 191 and 192: (A)(B)▲▲Figure 6. A) Large sand
Page 193 and 194: (A)(B)▲▲Figure 8. A) Representa
Page 195 and 196: each of the Waimakariri River and a
Page 197 and 198: ▲ ▲ Figure 2. Horizontal peak g
Page 199 and 200: only minor damage, mostly to their
Page 201 and 202: (A)(C)(B)▲▲Figure 5. Ferrymead
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(A)(B)▲▲Figure 7. Damage to sou
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(A)(B)▲▲Figure 11. Settlement o
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(A)(C)(B)▲▲Figure 14. Railway B
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Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Associ
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New PublicationsCanGeoRefThe Americ
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Wednesday, 18 AprilTechnical Sessio
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Verification of a Spectral-Element
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EASTERN SECTIONRESEARCH LETTERSReas
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(A)70°N100°W 60°W70°N(B)100°E1
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Mongolia SCRThe presence or absence
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the small horizontal relative motio
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80°100°120°140°EXPLANATIONBorde
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Chang, K. H. (1997). Korean peninsu
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Wheeler, R. L. (2008). Paleoseismic
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A significant outcome of this study
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TABLE 1 (continued)Earthquakes for
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▲▲Figure 2. Earthquakes used in
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Meeting CalendarM E E T I N GC A L
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201 Plaza Professional Bldg. • El
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Seismological Research Letters (SRL
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Christa von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Pr
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