surveying iii (topographic and geodetic surveys) - Modern Prepper

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Figure 1-19. Astro-Geodetic Datum Orientation(3) Gravimetric Method. If the relative deflections of the vertical at the initial point and theLaplace stations of a triangulation net could be replaced by absolute deflection components, thecontradictions with similarly corrected adjoining surveys would be eliminated. Thus, the positions ofunconnected surveys would be coordinated. The absolute deflections of the vertical and the absoluteundulation of the geoid can be determined by the gravimetric method.(a) Use the following procedures to obtain the absolute gravimetric orientation for atriangulation net: Compute the geoid's absolute gravimetric height and deflection of the vertical for theinitial point of the geodetic system. To obtain a more reliable result, the sameabsolute quantities should be computed for several Laplace stations in the vicinity ofthe origin.EN0593 1-30
The correction to be applied to the relative deflection of the vertical at the initial pointis determined by the mean of the differences between the absolute gravimetric andrelative astro-geodetic deflection components (Figure 1-20).Figure 1-20. Gravimetric Datum Orientation Due to this correction at the origin, the relative deflections of the vertical componentsat the other Laplace stations are corrected. The relation between the corrections at theinitial point and those of the other Laplace stations can then be computed. Readjusting the triangulation stations of the net, by holding fixed the correctedLaplace stations, provides the correct position of the net.(b) Before such a gravimetric adjustment is possible, a general study of the earth's gravityfield is required. A detailed study of the gravity field is required in the area of the points where thegravimetric deflection of the vertical is to be computed.1-31 EN0593
Page 1 and 2: SUBCOURSEEN0593EDITIONAUNITED STATE
Page 3 and 4: TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:ACTION:
Page 6 and 7: Part G: Adjusting Precise-Positioni
Page 8 and 9: PART A - FIGURES OF THE EARTH1-1. T
Page 10 and 11: Figure 1-2. Flattening Fractiona. T
Page 12 and 13: 1-3. Geoid. In geodesy, precise com
Page 15 and 16: point in the survey to provide the
Page 18 and 19: one side of a triangle and all of t
Page 20 and 21: Figure 1-10. Simple Triangulation N
Page 22 and 23: observation, contains a light sourc
Page 24 and 25: of a horizontal rod with a small sp
Page 26 and 27: The Airy theory, announced by G. B.
Page 28 and 29: Figure 1-15. Products of the Gravim
Page 30 and 31: a. If the shape of the earth was ex
Page 32 and 33: Figure 1-16. Single Astronomic Stat
Page 34 and 35: Figure 1-17. Astro-Geodetic Deflect
Page 38 and 39: (c) The significance of a gravity-o
Page 40 and 41: absolute deflections of the vertica
Page 42 and 43: Figure 1-23. Preferred Datumsa. The
Page 44 and 45: 1-17. The World Geodetic System. Be
Page 46 and 47: Figure 1-25. Using the Same Referen
Page 48 and 49: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
Page 50 and 51: 12. Which of the following is assum
Page 52 and 53: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
Page 54 and 55: THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
Page 56 and 57: for all military and civilian activ
Page 58 and 59: i. Additional support for other top
Page 60 and 61: 2-7. Status. At present, topographi
Page 62 and 63: in both. (North American Datum of 1
Page 64 and 65: water can impede leveling operation
Page 66 and 67: A field recording booklet. A single
Page 68 and 69: PART I - OFFICE WORK2-24. General.
Page 70 and 71: PART J - SURVEY COMMUNICATION2-28.
Page 72 and 73: length or side is known, and all th
Page 74 and 75: second-order, Class I net. The leng
Page 76 and 77: The number of observations required
Page 78 and 79: to perform the reconnaissance. Fail
Page 80 and 81: and cultivated, or fields may have
Page 82 and 83: e an alphanumeric symbol that is st
Page 84 and 85: 2-53. Intervisibility of Stations.
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station is (K/2) 2 x 0.0676, or one
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Figure 2-8. Similar Triangles Solut
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2-54. Height of Obstructions. It is
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authorized to change the name, it s
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Figure 2-12. Cells Connected in Par
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added as the cells weaken. Three un
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Figure 2-16. Construction Details f
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2-60. Wooden Towers. When it become
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LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
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11. The face of the 5-inch signal l
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LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
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average line in a triangulation sys
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3-4. Slope Measurements. The slope
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strip as close as possible to its f
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. Sight along the tops of both of t
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Column 1. Record the station number
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stake to steady it. With the back o
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Figure 3-3. DA Form 4446 (Sample of
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micrometer in this optical system i
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laterally across the front of the e
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Figure 3-7. Horizontal Circle and M
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out of adjustment. If the index mar
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(1) In order to avoid instrumental
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location of the vertical circle on
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Figure 3-13. Open Traversec. Closed
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designate the exact point of refere
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example, a line with an azimuth of
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When adjusting a traverse that star
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Page 144 and 145:
11. The unit of graduation on a hor
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Page 148 and 149:
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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differential leveling. The theodoli
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additional runs are made due to exc
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Figure 4-2. Wild N-3 Precision Leve
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(8) Loosen the azimuth clamp (13),
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4.7. Miscellaneous Equipment. In ad
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(2) To check for gross errors in th
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(a) (1) Begin by completing the inf
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Set up and level the instrument. Re
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Figure 4-8. Sun and Wind Code(5) Th
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(10) Enter the interval between the
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Figure 4-9. Closed-Circuit River Cr
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Figure 4-11. Sample DA Form 5820 (R
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is 0. When the telescope is pointed
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stations. However, since all statio
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a. Complete the heading, as shown.b
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a. (1) Enter the date, as in the sa
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Page 184 and 185:
11. The maximum length of site to o
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Page 188 and 189:
PART A - GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
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5-7. Pseudorange. A pseudorange is
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5-15. Number of Pseudorange Observa
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i. Probable Error Measures. The acc
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Table 5-1. Representative GPS Error
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Table 5-2. Carrier Phase Trackinga.
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exercise extreme caution in applyin
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not be designed or performed to ach
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Table 5-3. GPS-S Design, Geometry,
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f. Multiple/Repeat Baseline Connect
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possible ionospheric and tropospher
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Figures 5-4. PDOP Versus Time PlotP
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e. Field Processing and Verificatio
Page 214 and 215:
All carrier phase relative-surveyin
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time spent and the cost of conducti
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movement between occupation sites,
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5-37. General. GPS baseline solutio
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(1) Receiver Time. This technique u
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NOTE: Repeated baselines should be
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5-43. Loop Closure Checks. Postproc
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necessary to determine approximate
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This will ensure that future work w
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may (and usually does) far exceed t
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important in evaluating the overall
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i. Relative GPS baseline standard e
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Page 240 and 241:
12. When the networking method is s
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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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FAR-77 obstructions. Aircraft-movem
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Figure 6-1. Imaginary SurfacesEN059
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Figure 6-3. Approach Surfacesa. Fed
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. Federal Aviation Regulation-77, S
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Table 6-4. Airport Obstruction Accu
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A horizontal scale of 1:12,000 and
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Figure 6-4. Sample DA Form 5821 (Ai
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Figure 6-5. Sample DA Form 5822 (PA
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264:
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